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1、2010高考英语语法专题复习系列课件31动词的语态 Passive Voice被动语态被动语态Lead inRockets _(use)to send up satellitesare used火箭发射图The rocket _(send up)into spaceis being sent up污染图The air and the water _(pollute)are beingpolluted砍伐图Trees _(cut)downSoil _(wash)awayare being cut will be washed 拳击图A boxer _(beat)downhas been beat
2、en双子楼图The twin towers _(attack)in 2001were attacked生病图The boy may _(infect)with AIDShave been infected表格：被动态基本结构时态时态被动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will be donewould be
3、 donehave/has been donehad been doneOral practice-主动句改被动句 Oral practice-1.Change each sentence into passive voice:1)A car knocked him down yesterday.2)Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team3)When I got there,they were cutting up a fallen treeHe was knocked down by a carThe medical team
4、is made up ofA fallen tree was being cut up4)Well put on the play next Sunday5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year The play will be put on next SundayA new teaching building is being builtThe railway had been completed by
5、 the end of last year 7)We should protect the earth8)You need to paint the wall9)My uncle gave me a gift on my birthdayI A giftThe earth should be protectedThe wall needs to be paintedI was given a gift on my birthdayA gift was given to me on my birthday.10)We always keep the room clean11)We often h
6、ear him play guitar12)They saw a boy flying a kiteThe room is always kept cleanHe is often heard to play guitarA boy was seen flying a kiteCorrecting mistake2.Correct the mistake(s)in each sentence if any:1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball2)The singer lived in London until he was sending to univer
7、sity3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?was sentwill lastwere hurt4)A fire was broken out last night5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before6)The large building that is now built will be a hospitalhad been damagedis now being builtbroke out7)Cl
8、ass is begun at 7:30 every day8)His plan is sounded good9)Your coat needs being washedbeginssoundsto be washed/washing 主动式表被动义主动式表被动义The books _ well A.were sold B.sell C.have sold D.are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A.has washed B.was washed C.washes D.is washedBC主动式表被动义主动式表被动义动词动词(表示主语的属性特
9、征表示主语的属性特征)+副词副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动用主动式表被动义。义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English hard _(learn)The article is difficult _(understand).to eatto learnto understand不定式在某些形容词后作状语不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的且和句子的主语主语(或宾语或宾语)构
10、成动宾关系时构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被用主动式表被动义。动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _(read)to doto read不定式作后置定语不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系动宾关系,又和该句主语又和该句主语(或宾语或宾语)构成主谓构成主谓关系时关系时,用主动式表被动义。用主动式表被动义。表示状态特征的表示状态特征的连系动词连系动词+adj./n.,
11、用用主主动式表被动义动式表被动义。1)表示状态特征的表示状态特征的连系动词连系动词+adj./n.,用用主主动式表被动义动式表被动义。(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,.)The steel feels cold2)表示表示“开始、结束、运动开始、结束、运动”的动词的动词用主动用主动式表被动义。式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,.)The shop opens at 6 am.every day表示主语的表示主语的属性特征的动词属性特征的动词+副词副词well/
12、badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被用主动式表被动义动义3)表示主语的表示主语的属性特征的动词属性特征的动词+副词副词well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义。用主动式表被动义。(read,write,set,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink,.)The pen writes smoothly4)作作“需要需要”讲的讲的want/need/require后接后接动名词作宾语时，用动名词作宾语时，用主动式主动式表被动义；当表被动义；当然也可接然也可接不定式的被动式不定式的
13、被动式作宾语作宾语。Your jacket needs washing/to be washed5)不定式不定式在在某些形容词某些形容词后后作状语作状语,且和句子且和句子的主语的主语(或宾语或宾语)构成动宾关系时构成动宾关系时,用主动式用主动式表被动义。表被动义。(difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,dangerous,safe,.)The fish is not fit to eat6)不定式不定式作作后置定语后置定语,与被修饰的名词构与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系成动宾关系,又和该句主语又和该句主语(或宾语
14、或宾语)构成主构成主谓关系时谓关系时,用主动式表被动义用主动式表被动义;但若用在但若用在there be结构中，主动、被动均结构中，主动、被动均可（口语中常用主动式）。可（口语中常用主动式）。I have a lot of homework to doThere are many things to do/to be done 7)be to blame表示表示“应受批评应受批评,责备责备”，用主动式表被动义。用主动式表被动义。The boy is to blame for what he has done8)不及物动词和一些不及物动词短语没有不及物动词和一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。被动语
15、态。rise,happen,succeed,remain,.take place,break out,belong to,lose heart,consist of,add up to,.加加to/for在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加to:bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,sell,show,pay,promise,take,teach,etc.在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加for:buy,build,cook,cut,choose,find,fetch,do,fix,get,keep,make,orde
16、r,paint,sing,etc.含双宾语的主动句变被动句，一般变间接宾含双宾语的主动句变被动句，一般变间接宾语语(指人指人)为主语较多。若把直接宾语为主语较多。若把直接宾语(指物指物)改改为主语，则在间接宾语前加上适当的介词。为主语，则在间接宾语前加上适当的介词。A new shirt was bought _ meThe magazine was passed on _ him.Those books were sold _ Tom at 5 dollars eachAnother piece of music was played _ the patientsThe cup with m
17、ixture was showed _ the class A good dinner has been ordered _ the guests.fortotofortofor带双宾语的主动句改被动注意：注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listen to,look at等动词等动词/短语后作宾语补短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必；但改成被动语态后必须带须带to。1.An exhibition of paintings _ at the museum next weekAare to be held B.is to b
18、e heldC.are holdingDwill holdMultiple choice B2.Im sorry,sirYour recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the factoryA.is being repairedB.is repairedC.has been repairedD.hasnt been repairedA3Every possible means _,but none _ successfulA.has tried;has provedBtried;provesC.has been tried;provesD.is being tried;
19、is provedC4The question he asked is hard _ A.for answer B.to answer Cto be answered D.answeringB5In warm weather,fruit and meat _ longA.cannot be keptB.dont keepC.mustnt keepD.is not keptA6He received a telegram _:“Mother ill”Awritten B.reading C.said D.writing B7.-Did you hand him the letter yester
20、day?-No,I _ to himA.brought itB.took itC.had it sentD.carried it C8Alice had a dress _ last weekAmadeB.makeC.to be madeD.to makeA9The teacher couldnt make him _ attention to because the students were so noisy.A.payB.paidC.to payD.to be paidB10.-When will the lecture begin?-When the students _ Ahave
21、sat Bsat down Cwill sit Dare seatedDQuiz 1 Quiz 11.The steel _ cold A.is felt B.was feeling C.feels D.is being felt2.His plan _ good A.has sounded B.is sounding C.is sounded D.soundsCDQuiz 2Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am.every day A.opens B.opened C.is opened D.is openingWork _ at 7 pm.today A.ends B.ende
22、d C.was ended D.had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A.was wrote B.writes C.has writing D.is writtenThis coat _ easily A.has washed B.was washed C.washes D.is washedQuiz 3BCYour jacket needs _(wash)The house requires _(repair)Quiz 4washingrepairingThe fish is not fit _(eat)We find English difficult _(learn
23、)Quiz 5to eatto learnI have much homework _(do)Ill give the boy some books _(read)Quiz 6to doto readThere are many things _(do)The boy is _(blame)for what he has doneQuiz 7to doto be done口语中常用主动式口语中常用主动式to blameOne day,Lily was having a sleep beside a hollow log when suddenly she was waken up by the
24、 sound of her cell phone.While answering the phone,she was hit on the head by a ballIt was Tom!Of course he was refused when asking her to give the ball back,and was hit in the eye by Lily with the ball.As Lily talked to her father about it over the phone,Tom was frightened.In order to get his ball back,he got into the log but was caught in itHow unlucky he was!