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1、最新小升初英语必考知识点易错题大全-:学生易错词汇1. a, an的选择:元音字母开头的单词用an ,辅音字母开头的单词用a.2. am , is , are的选择:单数用is ,复数用are. I用am , you用are.3. have, has的选择:表示某人有某物。单数用has,复数用have. I, you用have .4. there is, there are的选择:表示某地有某物,某人。单数用there is,复数用there are.5. some, any的选择:肯定句用some,疑问句和否定句用any.6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么)who (谁)where (哪里
2、)whose (谁的)why (为什么)when(什么时候)which (哪一) how old (多大)how many (多少)how much (多少钱)二:形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是:什么+动词be (am , is, are)+形容词比较级+ than (比)+什么,如:r m taller and heavier than you.(我比你更高和更重。)An elephant is bigger than a tiger.(一只大象比一只老虎更大。)形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:一般的直接在词尾加
3、 er ,如 tall - taller, strong - stronger,以e结尾的,直接加r ,如fine - finer,以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier双写最后的字母再加 er,如 big - bigger, thin - thinner ,hot - hotter注意比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。)比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为:My hair is longer than yours,或 My hair
4、 is longer than your hair.比较级专项练习:一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子heavy tall long big How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr Green? He s 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.How is the fish? If s 2kg.二、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1) T m 12 years old. You re 14.1 m than you.(2) A rabbif s tail is than a monkey, s tail.(3) An
5、 elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea.(5) A basketball is than a football.三、根据中文完成句子.(1)我比我的弟弟大三岁.r m than my brother.(2)这棵树要比那棵树高.This tree than that one.(3)你比他矮四厘米.You are than he.(4)谁比你重? than you ?四、根据答句写出问句(1) r m 160 cm.(2) r m 12 years old.(4) Amy, s hair is 30 cm long.三:动词过去式详解动词的
6、过去式的构成规则有:A、规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加ed :如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加d :如lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed (此类动词较少)如study - studied carry - carried worry - worried (注意 play、stay 不是辅音字母加 y,所以不属于此类) 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stoppedB、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing - sang , eat
7、- ate, see - saw, have - had , do - did , go - went, take - took, buy - bought, get - got, read - read ,fly - flew, am/is - was , are - were, say - said , leave - left, swim - swam , tell - told , draw -drew, come - came , lose - lost, find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt, feel - felt四:动词现在分词详
8、解,动词的ing形式的构成规则:一般的直接在后面加上 ing ,如 doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting五:人称和数人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I (我)me my (我的)复数we (我们)us our (我们的)第二人称单数you (你)you your (你的)复数you (你们)you your (你们的)第三人称单数he (他)him his
9、(他的)she (她)her her (她的)it (它)it its (它的)复数they (他们/她们/它们)them their (他们的/她们的/它们的)六:句型专项归类1、肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:r m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watchedTV yesterday evening.2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I m not a st
10、udent She is not (isn, t) a doctor.He does not (doesn t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren t) four fans in our classroom.He will not (won, t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn, t) watch TV yesterday evening.注意小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”。有动词be 的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn,t, aren t,但am not 一般都分开
11、写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do , does , did ),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don,t, doesn, t, didn, t ) e这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”。3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, V m not.Is she a doctor? Yes, she is.
12、/ No, she isn, t.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn t.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are./ No, there aren t.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am./ No, I am not.(Yes, we are./ No, we aren, t.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will./ No, I will n
13、ot(won, t).Are they swimming? Yes, they are./ No, they aren t.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did./ No, I didn, t.注意小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do , does , did )再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过
14、去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”0一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what, where, who , which , when, whose, why, how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes、no”来回答。如:What is this? If s a computer.What does he do? He s a doctor.Where are you going? V m going to Beijing.Who played football
15、 with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.Which season do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this? If s Amy s.Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.How are you? V m fine./ V m happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by tr
16、ain.其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:how many (多少(数量),how much (多少(钱),how tall (多高),how long (多长),how big (多大), how heavy (多重)例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.小结:how many用来提
17、问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,How many +名词复数+ do you have?你有多少?How many +名词复数+ can you see?你能看见多少?How many +名词复数+ are there-?有多少?七:完全、缩略形式:r m=I am he s=he isshe, s=she is they re=they areyou re=you are there, s=there is they re=they are can t=can not don, t=do not doesn t=does not isn, t=is not aren* t=are
18、notlef s=let us won t=will not V 11=1 will wasn, t=was not总结:通常情况下,m即am ,s即is (但lef s=let us ),re即are , nt即 not (但 can t=can not)A:与字母相关的题型(注:五个元音字母是Aa Ee li Oo Uu )一.将所给字母的大小写写在四线格上HhRr XxGg Mm Uu ZzFf Qqli二.写出下列字母的左邻右舍。1.()Hh()2.()Bb()3.()LI()4.()Rr()5.() Qq ()6.() Ww()三.用小写字母抄写下列单词。l.ROOMO 2.UNDE
19、R03.PLEASE()4.PICTURE()5.WHERE()6.TWINS()7.EXCUSE()8.H0W()9.CAKE()1O.SMALL()四斗各全是元音字母的那一组圈起来l.ace 2.ieo 3.vuk 4. e u I 5. J BI 6. ETV 7. EIO 8.A U E五 .写出与所给单词发音相同的字母(大小写)。1 .bee ()2.sea ()3.tea ()4.are ()5.why ()6.you ()六 .字母的缩略词A.M.Q.m.)上午P.M.(p.m.)下午OK好,行WC厕所PRC中国CAAC中国民航UN联合国UK联合王国(英国)TV电视BBC英语广播
20、公司VOA美国之音ID身份证SOS国际通用呼救信号TM商标Tel电话 MTV音乐电视 CCTV中国中央电视台AD公元BC公元前ABC基础知识POB邮政信箱cm 厘米BBS电子布告栏 WTO世界贸易组织CPU中央处理器IMP进口 RMB 人民币UN ESCO联合国教科文组织 WHO世界卫生组织SARS非典EMS特快快递 Sun星期日 Mon.星期一Tue.星期二 Wed.星期三Thu星期四Fri星期五Sat.星期六Jan.一月Feb.二月Mar.三月Apr.四月May五月June 六月July七月Aug.八月Sept.九月Oct.十月NovH一月Dec.十二月 VCD影碟机 Add.地址 USA
21、美国ISO国际标准化组织 NBA全美篮球协会 EXP出口 IT信息技术IQ智商SAR特别行政区九:小学英语词汇不完全归类表学习用品Gchool things):pen 钢笔 pencil 铅笔 pencil-case 铅笔盒 ruler尺子 book 书 bag 包 comic book 漫画书 post card 明信片 newspaper报纸 schoolbag 书包 eraser橡皮 crayon蜡笔 sharpener卷笔刀 story-book故事书 notebook笔记本 Chinese book 语文书 English book 英语书 math book 数学书 magazin
22、e 杂志 dictionary 词典人体(body ):foot脚 head头face脸 hair头发 nose鼻子 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴颜色(colours ):red 红 blue 蓝 yellow 黄 green 绿 white 白 black 黑 pink 粉红 purple 紫 orange 橙 brown 棕动物(animals ):cat 猫 dog 狗 pig 猪 duck 鸭 rabbit 兔 horse 马 elephant 大象 ant 蚂蚁 fish 鱼 bird 鸟 eagle 鹰 beave
23、r海狸 snake 蛇 mouse 老鼠 squirrel 松鼠kangaroo袋鼠 monkey猴panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎 fox狐狸 zebra斑马 deer鹿 giraffe长颈鹿 goose鹅 hen母鸡turkey火鸡lamb小羊 sheep绵羊 goat山羊 cow奶牛 donkey驴 squid就鱼 lobster 龙虾 shark 鲨鱼 seal 海豹 sperm whale 抹香鲸 killer whale 虎鲸人物(people ):friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩 mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹 brother兄弟uncl
24、e叔叔;舅舅 man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐 lady女士;小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸 parents父母 grandparents祖父母 grandma/grandmother (夕卜)祖母 grandpa/grandfather (夕卜)祖父 aunt 姑姑cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹son儿子daughter女儿baby婴儿 kid 小孩 classmate 同学 queen 女王 visitor 参观者 neighbour邻居 principal 校长 university student 大学生 pen pal 笔友 tourist 旅行者 people人
25、物robot机器人职业(jobs):teacher 教师 student 学生 doctor医生 nurse 护士 driver 司机 farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家TV reporter 电视台t己者 engineer 工程师 accountant policeman(男)警察 salesperson销售员 cleaner清洁工 baseball player棒球运动员 assistant售货员police警察食品、饮料(food & drink ):rice米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水
26、 egg蛋fish鱼tofu 豆腐cake蛋糕 hot dog热狗 hamburger汉堡包 French fries炸薯条 cookie 曲奇 biscuit 饼干 jam 果酱 noodles 面条 meat 肉 chicken 鸡肉 pork 猪肉 mutton 羊肉 vegetable 蔬菜 salad 沙拉 soup 汤 ice 冰 ice-cream冰淇淋 Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐 lunch 午餐 dinner/supper B免餐 meal 一餐水果、蔬菜(fruit & vegetables):apple 苹果 banana
27、 香蕉 pear 梨 orange 橙 watermelon 西瓜 grape 葡萄 eggplant 茄子 green beans Wa tomato 西红柿 potato a peach 桃 strawberry 草莓 cucumber黄瓜 onion 洋葱 carrot 胡萝卜 cabbage 卷心菜衣服(clothes ):jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫 T-shirt 丁恤衫skirt短裙子 dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤 pants长裤socks袜子shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣raincoat 雨衣shorts短裤sneakers网球鞋slippers拖鞋s
28、andals凉鞋 boots靴子 hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽sunglasses太阳镜tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套 trousers 裤子 cloth 布交通工具(vehicles):bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat小船ship轮船yacht快艇car 小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车 van小货车;面包车 plane/airplane飞机 subway/underground 地铁 motor cycle 摩托车杂物(other things ):window 窗户 door desk 课桌 chair 椅子 bed 床 computer 计算机 boar
29、d写字板fan风扇light灯teacher,s desk讲台 picture图画;照片 wall墙壁floor地板 curtain窗帘trash bin垃圾箱 closet壁橱 mirror镜子 end table 床头柜 football/soccer足球 present 礼物 walkman 随身听 lamp 台灯 phone电话sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱table桌子 TV电视air-conditioner空调 key 钥匙 lock 锁 photo 照片 chart 图表 plate 盘子 knife 刀 fork 叉 spoon 勺子 chopsticks 筷子 p
30、ot 锅 gift 礼物 toy 玩具 doll洋娃娃ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏box盒子 umbrella伞zipper拉链 violin小提琴 yo-yo溜溜球 nest鸟窝 hole洞 tube管子toothbrush牙刷 menu菜单 e-card电子卡片 e-mail电子邮件 traffic light 交通灯 money 钱 medicine 药地点(locations ):home家 room 房间 bedroom 卧室 bathroom 卫生间 living room 起居室 kitchen 厨房 classroom 教室 sch
31、ool 学校 park 公园 library 图书馆 post office 邮局 police office 警察局 hospital 医院 cinema 电影院 bookstore 书店farm农场 zoo动物园 garden花园study书房 playground操场 canteen食堂teacher s office教师办公室library图书馆 gym体育馆 washroom卫生间 art room绘画教室 computer room计算机教室 music room音乐教室 TV room电视机房flat公寓company公司factory TJ- fruit stand水果摊 pe
32、t shop宠物商店 nature park自然公园theme park主题公园 science museum 科学博物馆 the Great Wall 长城 supermarket 超市 bank 银行 country 国家 village 乡村 city 城市 hometown 家乡 bus stop 公交车站课程(classes ):sports 体育运动 science 科学 Moral Education 思想品德课 Social Studies 社会课Chinese语文 math数学PE体育课English英语课国家、城市(countries & cities ):China/PR
33、C中国America/USA美国UK联合王国England英国 Canada/CAN加拿大 Australia澳大利亚 New York纽约 London伦敦 Sydney悉尼 Moscow莫斯科 Cairo开罗气象(weather ):cold寒冷的 warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎热的rainy下雨的windy有风的cloudy多云的weather report天气预报景物(nature ):river河流lake湖泊stream河溪 forest森林 path小道road公路 house 房子 bridge 桥 building 建筑物 rain 雨
34、cloud 云 sun 太阳 mountain Llj sky天空rainbow彩虹 wind风 air空气 moon月亮植物(plants ):flower花 grass草 tree树 seed 种子 sprout苗 plant植物 rose玫瑰 leaf 叶子星期(week ):Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday星期天 weekend周末月份(months ):Jan.(January)一月 Feb.( February )二月 Mar.(March)三月 April 四
35、月 May 五月 June 六月 July 七月 Aug.(August)八月 Sept.(September)九月 Oct.(October)十月 Nov.(November)H月 Dec.(Decembeij十二月季节(seasons ):spring S summer M fall/autumn 秋 winter 冬方位(directions ):south 南 north 北 east 东 west 西 left 左边 right 右边患病(illness ):have a fever发烧 hurt疼痛 have a cold 感冒 have a toothache牙疼 have a
36、headache 头疼 have a sore throat 喉咙疼数词(numbers ):one two 二 three = four H five 五 six 六 seven -fc eight 八 nine 九 ten 十 eleven - twelvethirteen+= fourteen 十四 fifteen -f-五 sixteen 十六 seventeen eighteen 十八 nineteen 十九 twenty thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十 seventy七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 forty-two 四十二 hundre
37、d 百 one/a hundred and thirty-six三十六first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五 eighth第八 ninth 第九 twelfth 第十二 twentieth 第二十 thirtieth 第三十 fortieth 第四十fiftieth第五十 sixtieth第六十 seventieth第七十 eightieth第八十 ninetieth第九十fifty-sixth第五十六形容词(adj.):big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的;矮的young年轻的 old旧的老的strong健壮的thin瘦的acti
38、ve积极活跃的quiet安静的nice 好看的kind和蔼亲切的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty 好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爰的 clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的h叩py高兴的 bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的 older年龄更大的 younger更年轻的 bigger更大的 heavier更重的longer 更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的 heavy重的n
39、ew新的fat胖的h叩py快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的 cute逗人喜爰的little小的lovely可爰的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鲜艳的pretty漂亮的che叩便宜的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的 proud骄傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的介词(prep.):in在里on在上;在时候under在下面near在的旁边behind在后边next to与相令Bover在上面in front of在前面代词(pron.):I我 we我们y
40、ou你;你们 he他she她it它they他(她,它)们 my 我的our我们的your你的;你们的his他的her她的动词(V.): play (.ed )玩;踢 swim(swam)游泳 skate滑冰 fly(flew)飞 jump 跳 walk 走 run(ran)跑 climb 爬 fight(fought)打架 swing(swung)荡 eat(ate)吃 sleep(slept)睡觉 like像,喜欢 have(had)有;吃 turn转弯 buy(bought)买 take(took)买;带 live居住 teach (taught)教 go(went 法 study(stu
41、died)学习 learn学习 sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row划do(did)做do homework 做作业 do housework 做家务 watch TV看电视 read(read) books 读书 cook the meals 做饭 water the flowers 浇花 sweep(swept) the floor 扫地 clean the bedroom 打扫卧室 make(made) the bed 铺床 set(set) the table 摆饭桌 wash the clothes 洗衣服 do the dishes 洗碗碟 use a computer使用
42、计算机 do morning exercises 晨练;做广播操 eat breakfast 吃早饭 eat dinner吃晚饭 go to school 上学 have English class 上英语课 play sports进行体育运动 get ( got) up 起床climb mountains 爬山go shopping 买东西 play the piano 弹钢琴 visit grandparents看望(夕卜)祖父母 go h汰ing去远足 fly kites放风筝make a snowman 堆雪人 plant trees 种树 draw(drew) pictures 画画
43、 cook dinner做饭read a book 看书answer the phone 接电话listen to music 听音乐clean the room 打扫房间 write(wrote) a letter 写信 write an e-mail写电子邮件 drink(drank) water 喝水 take pictures 照相 watch insects观察昆虫 pick up leaves采摘树叶 do an experiment 做实验 catch butterflies 捉蝴蝶 count insects 数昆虫 collect insects 收集昆虫 collect l
44、eaves 收集树叶write a report写才员告play chess 下棋have a picnic举行野餐 get to到达ride(rode) a bike 骑自行车 play the violin 拉小提琴 make kites制作风筝 collect stamps 集邮meet(met)见面welcome 欢迎thank谢谢love 爰work工作drink(drank)喝taste 尝smell 闻feed(fed)喂养shear剪milk挤奶look 看guess 猜help帮助pass传递show展示use使用clean打扫 open打开 close关上 put放 pai
45、nt绘画 tell(told)告诉 kick 踢bounce反弹 ride(rode)骑 stop(stopped)停 wait 等fi nd (found)寻找至I drive(drove)驾驶 fold 折 send(sent)寄 wash 洗shine照耀 become变成feel (felt)感觉到 think(thought)思考 meet(met)遇见 fall(fell)落下 leave(left)离开wake(woke) up 醒来put on穿上take off 脱掉hang up挂起wear(wore)穿go home回家go to bed上床睡觉play computer
46、 games 玩电脑游戏play chess 下棋empty the trash 倒垃圾put away the clothes 收拾衣服get off下车take a trip去旅行read a magazine 读杂志go to the cinema 去看电影go straight向前直走十:小学三至六年级英语单词、句子汇总四年级上册Unit 4:home room school classroom door chair bed deskwindowUnit 5:bread egg milk water rice beef chicken fishUnit 6: sister brothe
47、r father mother farmer driver nurse doctor四年级下册Unit 1:computer board fans light teacher, s desk picture floor wallThis is my computer.That is your computer.Is this a teacher, s desk?Yes, it is.Unit 2:one two three four five six seven eight nine ten English RE. music math ChineseWhat time is it?If s two o clock.If s 9:45.If s time for math class.Unit 3:red blue yellow green white skirt shirt jacket dress Is this your T-shirt?No, if s not.What colour is it?If s white.Unit 4:jeans pants socks shoes sunny warm cold snowyIf s warm today.Let s play foot