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1、 短文填词短文填词(Cloze Test)一、历年短文一、历年短文(看图看图)填词考点总结填词考点总结 词类词类年份年份名词名词动词动词形容词形容词副词副词代词代词介词介词连词连词数词数词冠词冠词2011年年322212012年年12311112013年年232111 比较常考的词：比较常考的词：名词、动词、形容词、副词名词、动词、形容词、副词 趋势：趋势：名词、动词名词、动词仍是主考词汇，其它词汇仍是主考词汇，其它词汇(如代词如代词、连词等连词等)都有覆盖。都有覆盖。一、答题必备三原则一、答题必备三原则l1.通读：通篇通读：通篇跨空跨空直读，直读，忽略忽略填空部分，通填空部分，通过文章过文章
2、固有词汇固有词汇及及图片辅助图片辅助，对文章进行，对文章进行推推测、想象和分析测、想象和分析，通读结束后使文章形成一，通读结束后使文章形成一个个符合逻辑、意思完整符合逻辑、意思完整的篇章。的篇章。l2.句读：即在通读的基础上，以句为单位，句读：即在通读的基础上，以句为单位，对需要填空的部分进行对需要填空的部分进行仔细推敲仔细推敲，考虑填词，考虑填词的的方向方向：一方面，在：一方面，在词义词义上必须要和短文内上必须要和短文内容相符；另一方面，在容相符；另一方面，在形式形式上必须要符合语上必须要符合语法规则和习惯用法。法规则和习惯用法。l3.点读：即就所填入的单词，从其点读：即就所填入的单词，从其
3、词性词性入手，入手，考虑其考虑其词形变化。词形变化。二、做题技巧二、做题技巧技巧技巧1._常见提示内容：常见提示内容：_lToday was _ 8th,Womens Day.Tom told his father that he wanted to give his mother a happy surprise.He would do something to celebrate it.March根据图画或文字提示根据图画或文字提示 日期、星期、时钟、天气等日期、星期、时钟、天气等 E.g.lA few days later,a nicer and larger house was bui
4、lt,but one _ after he built his new house,there came a strong wind,and it blew his new house over.evening/night技巧技巧2._lDo you believe _ are as clever as humans?In India,there is a famous school named Monkey Training School.上下文原词提示上下文原词提示 monkeysmonkeysE.g.lHenry was a careless young man.He often mad
5、e mistakes.It brought him a lot of trouble.For example,he fell over a _ in his friends home once,and the chair hurt a little dog.chairE.g.lLord Ye was interested in dragons.In his house,there was a picture on the wall,while the beams,pillars,doors,and windows were all carved(雕刻)with _.dragons技巧技巧3._
6、lOne day Mr.Smith finished his work very late.On his way home,there were no taxis or buses.So he had to _ home.He held his bag in his hand.walk根据上下文推断根据上下文推断 E.g.lEven though Mr.Li wasnt a young man,he was still strong and he was good at swimming.After a while,the boy was saved.His mother was so _.t
7、hankful技巧技巧4._ lThe woman was reading a newspaper in her room when she heard someone _ at the door.She opened it and saw a young man with glasses standing there.knocking固定搭配固定搭配E.g.The sun let the wind try first.So the wind tried his _ to make the man take off his coat.He blew and blew,but the man o
8、nly pulled his coat more closely around himself.bestEx.8lThe man said that he was a friend of her daughters.So the woman let him in and talked.To her_,the man knew nothing about her daughter.The woman didnt know whether his words were true or not.surprise技巧技巧5.5.注意语法规则注意语法规则(rules of grammar)l*确定确定词
9、性词性 动词动词 名词名词 形容词形容词 副词等副词等l*确定确定词形词形 动词的形式动词的形式 名词的单复数等名词的单复数等l1）When we heard the bell,all of us _talking.l2)After that,he often helped me and we became good _.l2)Listen to your teacher _ in class.It is very important.stoppedfriendscarefully一一 动词（动词（v.)v.)的用法：的用法：1.1.时态时态（do,did,does,doing,done)2.
10、2.语态语态3.3.非谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式(动名词动名词doing,动词不定式动词不定式to do)l l1.Last Friday,a man _ to see lhis doctor,because he suffered from pains in his stomach.l2.After the doctor _ over carefully,he _to him,“Well,dont worry,young man.You will get better by _ a rest.wentlookedsaidhaving二二名词（名词（n.)n.)的用法：单复数，名词所有格的用法
11、：单复数，名词所有格 I know her in the newspaper.She didnt go to school at a very young age.Many girls and _ like her wish to go to school in China.They want to go to school very much,but their families are too poor.If the _ has two or three_,its harder to pay the money for all of them.boysfamilychildren三三形容词
12、形容词(adj.)副词副词(adv.)的用法：的用法：1.1.形容词形容词 副词的修饰关系副词的修饰关系2.2.形容词形容词 副词的比较等级副词的比较等级a little/much/even/a lot+比较级比较级 There was a little boy.He got angry _.His father gave him some nails(钉钉子子)and said”When you feel_,you just hammer a nail into the back of the fence.The boy found it was much_ to hold his temp
13、er(脾气脾气).one of the+adj.的的最高级最高级+名词的复数名词的复数easily angry easier四代词(pron.)的用法：l1.1.人称代词人称代词(主格主格宾格宾格)l2.2.物主代词物主代词(形容词性形容词性名词性名词性)l3.3.反身代词反身代词 On _ tenth birthday,the boy invited many friends to the party._ played many interesting games and ate lots of delicious food.They really enjoyed _.hisTheythem
14、selvesSummary(1)做题技巧做题技巧(Skills)n n技巧技巧1.1.根据图画或文字提示根据图画或文字提示n n技巧技巧2.2.上下文原词提示上下文原词提示n n技巧技巧3.3.根据上下文推断根据上下文推断(context)(context)n n技巧技巧4.4.固定搭配固定搭配 (set phrases)(set phrases)Summary(2)(2)做题步骤做题步骤(Steps)n n1.1.认真观察图画，了解主要内容；认真观察图画，了解主要内容；n n2.2.通读短文，图文参照，确定大意；通读短文，图文参照，确定大意；n n3.3.依据语法和逻辑，确定词形；依据语法和
15、逻辑，确定词形；n n4.4.认真审读，检查错误。认真审读，检查错误。Summary(3)三词定义：词义、词性、词形三词定义：词义、词性、词形 1.1.动词动词 时态时态 语态语态 非谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式 2.2.名词名词 单、复数单、复数 名词所有格名词所有格 3.3.形、副形、副 修饰关系修饰关系 比较级、最高级比较级、最高级 4.4.代词代词 人称代词人称代词 物主代词物主代词 反身代词反身代词如果单词在句首，如果单词在句首，还要考虑首字母的还要考虑首字母的大写大写。实战操练（实战操练（20132013年广东中考短文填词题）年广东中考短文填词题）1.1.通读短文，确定文章大意。通读
16、短文，确定文章大意。lDear Anne,l How are you?I had great fun last Wednesday,1.12th,2013.It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that day.l This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan,one of 2.greatest Chinese poets.He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar c
17、alendar(阴历阴历)，278 BC.People there rowed the boats to 3.him.But it was too late.They were very sad and then threw rice into the 4.to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body.5.then on,every year on this day,people enjoy 6.Zongzi which is made of rice with meat,eggs and so on.In the
18、past we ate only 7.a year,but now we regarded it as our daily food.We can have it any time we like.l Have you ever 8.the dragon boat race on TV?It is another important part of this festival.Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 9.lAs they can.The first team to reach the finish line wins.l I
19、f you have a plan to visit China next year,would 10.like to spend this festival with us?l Best wishes,l Xiao Qiang2.2.再仔细阅读短文，注意文章总体的时态及上下再仔细阅读短文，注意文章总体的时态及上下文之间的逻辑关系。文之间的逻辑关系。lDear Anne,l How are you?I had great fun last Wednesday,1.12th,2013.It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat
20、 Festival that day.l This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan,one of 2.greatest Chinese poets.He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(阴历阴历)，278 BC.People there rowed the boats to 3.him.But it was too late.They were very sad and then threw rice into the 4.to fe
21、ed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body.5.then on,every year on this day,people enjoy 6.Zongzi which is made of rice with meat,eggs and so on.In the past we ate only 7.a year,but now we regarded it as our daily food.We can have it any time we like.l Have you ever 8.the dragon boat r
22、ace on TV?It is another important part of this festival.Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 9.lAs they can.The first team to reach the finish line wins.l If you have a plan to visit China next year,would 10.like to spend this festival with us?l Best wishes,l Xiao Qiang 3.3.依据语法和逻辑等做题技巧，确定
23、词形。依据语法和逻辑等做题技巧，确定词形。lDear Anne,l How are you?I had great fun last Wednesday,1.12th,2013.It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that day.l This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan,lone of 2._ greatest Chinese poets.He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th
24、of the lunar calendar(阴阴历历)，278 BC.JunethelPeople there rowed the boats to 3.him.But it was too late.They were very sad and then threw rice into the 4._to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body.5._then on,every year on this day,people enjoy 6._ _Zongzi which is made of rice with
25、meat,eggs and so on.In the past we ate it only 7.a year,but now we regarded it as our daily food.We can have it any time we like.saveriver/waterFromeatingoncel lHave you ever 8._ the dragon boat race on TV?It is another important part of this festival.Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 9
26、._ as they can.The first team to reach the finish line wins.l lIf you have a plan to visit China next year,would 10._ like to spend this festival with us?l l Best wishes,l l Xiao Qiang watchedfast/quicklyyou Face the challenges!短文填空技巧：短文填空技巧：1)context(上下文上下文)2)collocation(搭配搭配)3)rules of grammar(语法规则）语法规则）