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1、高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（上）综合教程（上）INTEGRATEDCOURSE2Unit 4 Love and Marriage ContentStartingoutReadingFocusReadingMorePracticalTranslationFocusedWritingFinalProjectTask1Workingroupstolistthepossiblerelationshipsanormalhumanbeingwillencounterinhislifetime.Alsolistthewordsandactivitiesrelatedtoacertainrelatio
2、nship.Starting outTask 1Starting outTask 1e.g.Friendship,work,peer,love,parental,marriageWordsforreference:Friendship:care,association,esteem,empathy,friendliness,attachment,affinity,bond,harmony,intimacy,affection;goingtomovies,heart-to-hearttalk,playingsportstogetherStarting outTask 1Starting outT
3、ask 1Work:co-worker,managers,teamleaders,businesstalk,businesslunch,teamwork,promotionLove:affection,attraction,romanticdating,candlelitdinner,hug,kiss,courtshipParental:unconditionallove,deepcareStarting outTask 1Starting outTask 1Task2WatchapartoftheAmericanmovieSleepless in Seattleanddiscusswithy
4、ourpartnerhowthesonfeelsabouthisfatherandthefatheraboutthesonaswellhislatewife.Starting outTask 2Starting outTask 2ClickthepictureSonsfeelingforhisfatherWorried,care,love,FathersfeelingforhissonLove,affectionFathersfeelingforhislatewifeLove,memoryStarting outTask 2Starting outTask 2Task3 Read the fo
5、llowing paragraph and discuss with your partner what makes a happy marriage and why.TheBeatlessang,“Allyouneedislove.”Yourfriendsmighttellyou,“Goodcommunicationisallyoureallyneed.”Yourparentsadviseyou,“Thekeyistomarrysomeonewiththesamevalues.”Whatdoyouthinkisessentialforahappymarriage?Starting outTa
6、sk 3Starting outTask 3LoveandLovingRelationshipsReading FocusReading Focus GlobalUnderstanding2DetailedInformation3CriticalThinking4LanguagePoints5Reading FocusReading FocusVocabularyinAction6BackgroundInformation1ListentoatalkonThemathematicalMarriagePredictorandanswerthefollowingquestions.1)Whatdi
7、dJamesMurraytrytodo?Toexploretherockyroadofromance.2)WhatwasthefirststepJamesMurraytakeinhisresearch?Videotapedhundredsofvolunteercouplesindiscussion.3)WhatdidJamesMurraydowiththevideotapes?Breakdownbehavioralresponsestothesehigh-pressurediscussionsintorecognizablegroups.Background InformationBackgr
8、ound InformationScript4)WhatpredictiondidJamesMurraytrytomakewithhisfindings?Whetherthemarriagewouldlast.5)HowcorrectwasJamesMurraysprediction?Ninety-fourpercent.6)WhatistheindicatorofadivorceaccordingtotheMathematicalMarriagePredictor?“Rollyoureyesandsaygoodbyes.”Background InformationBackground In
9、formationReading FocusReading Focus Global Understanding1(Paras.1-3)2(Paras.4-7)3(Paras.8-12)Loveisessentialforhumansurvival.Whatislove?Whatbringspeopletogether?Discuss in groups to identify the missing information.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingThefamilyistheearliestandmostimportantsourceofloveand
10、emotionalsupport.Childrendeprivedoflovehavebeenknowntodevelopavarietyofproblems.Researchshowsthequalityofcareinfantsreceivedaffectshowtheylatergetalongwithfriends.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingLoveforoneself,orself-love,isalsoessentialforoursocialandemotionaldevelopment.Socialscientistsdescribesel
11、f-loveasimportantforself-esteem.Peoplewhodontlikethemselvesmaynotbeabletoreturnlovebutmayconstantlyseekloverelationshipstobolstertheirownpoorself-images.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingelusiveconceptPeoplegiveavarietyofanswerswhenaskedwhatloveis.Lovehasmanydimensions.Itcanberomantic,exciting,obsessi
12、ve,andirrational,platonic,calming,altruistic,andsensible.Itvariesindegreeandintensityandacrosssocialcontexts.Reading MoreGlobal Understandingawillingnesstopleaseandaccommodatetheother.anacceptanceoftheotherpersonsfaultsandshortcomings.asmuchconcernaboutthelovedoneswelfareasonesown.Love,especiallylon
13、gtermlove,hasnothingincommonwiththeimagesofloveorfrenziedsexthatwegetfromHollywood,television,andromancenovels.“Real”loveisclosertowhatoneauthorcalled“stirring-the-oatmeallove”.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingWhatbringspeopletogether?Andisthereapersonouttherethatoneismeantfor?Empiricalstudiesshowtha
14、tculturalnormsandvalues,notfate,bringpeopletogether.Criticismandapprovalteachuswhatisacceptableromanticbehaviorandwithwhom.Lustanddesirearedifferentfromloveespeciallyromanticlove.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingOneshouldnotconcludethatdesirealwaysculminatesinphysicalintimacyorthatdesireisthesameasro
15、manticlove.Healthyloverelationships,whetherphysicalornot(suchasloveforfamilymembers),reflectabalanceofcaring,intimacy,andcommitment.Task 2Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text.(P105)Key:12345678910BABCDBCDCBReading FocusReading Focus Detailed InformationCr
16、itical ThinkingReading FocusStepOneRead the following sentences from the text and decide whether you agree with the author.Work in groups to provide examples to support your opinions.1.Loveasbothanemotionandabehaviorisessentialforhumansurvival.2.Loveforoneself,orself-love,isalsoessentialforoursocial
17、andemotionaldevelopment.3.Loveisanelusiveconcept.4.Lovehasmanydimensions.Reading FocusCritical ThinkingStepTwoDiscuss in groups the following questions.1.Whatdoyouthinkistheidealrelationship?2.Whatisessentialforalong-termrelationship?3.Peoplesayitsdifficulttomaintainlong-termrelationshipnowadays.Doy
18、ouagreeandwhy?Reading FocusCritical Thinking1.Babiesandchildrendeprivedoflovehaveknowntodevelopawidevarietyofproblemsforexample,depression,headaches,physiologicalimpairments,andneuroticandpsychosomaticdifficultiesthatsometimeslastalifetime.(Para.1)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point depriveof:
19、剥夺；使丧失e.g.He was deprived of his rights to education.他被剥夺了受教育的权利。impairment:thefactthatapartofyourbodyisunabletodosomethingfully（身体机能的）受损 e.g.a hearing impairment 听力受损 neurotic:extremelyworriedaboutsomethinginanunreasonableway极端焦虑的；神经质的psychosomatic:oforrelatingtoaphysicaldisorderorillnessthatiscaus
20、edorseemstobeinfluencedbyemotionalfactors（疾病）由身心失调引起的2.Amongotherthings,peoplewholikethemselvesaremoreopentocriticismandlessdemandingofothers.(Para.3)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point amongotherthings:furthermore除了别的以外，此外e.g.1)Shes very keen on sport:among other things,she plays tennis twice
21、 a week.2)At the meeting they discussed,among other things,recent events in Japan.Open:vulnerable,acceptive,easydemanding:exacting,requiringmorethangenerallyexpected(指人)对他人要求高的,苛求的e.g.Children are so demanding:they need constant attention.3.Lovehasmanydimensions.(Para.5)爱有多个层面。dimension:alevel,prosp
22、ect,anaspectofasituationthatinfluencesthewaythatyouthinkaboutthesituation方面；部分 e.g.1)There is a dimension to the problem that we have not discussed.2)There is a political dimension to the accusations.Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 4.Althoughlovemayinvolvepassionateyearning,respectisamorei
23、mportantquality.(Para.6)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point yearning:n.astrongdesireorfeelingofwantingsomething向往，思慕，渴望e.g.1)He had a deep yearning to return to his home town.2)I suppose its because I live in a crowded city that I have this yearning for open spaces.5.Thesemisconceptionsoftenle
24、adtounrealisticexpectations,stereotypes,anddisillusionment.(Para.7)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point misconceptions:misunderstandings,incorrectconceptions误解Stereotypes:conventionalconceptions老套，思维定老套，思维定势势Disillusions:freeingfrommisbelievesorillusions,disenchantments幻觉破灭幻觉破灭6.Infact,“real”lo
25、veisclosertowhatoneauthorcalled“stirringtheoatmeallove”Johnson,1985).(Para.7)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point Johnsonuses“stirringthe-oatmeallove搅燕麦粥之爱”torefertoreallove,whichisrepresentedbyawillingnesstoshareordinaryhumanlife,todothesimple,unromantictasks,suchasroutinechoreslikecooking,liv
26、ingwithahousingbudget,puttingoutthegarbage,babysitting,caringthebabies.7.“theresonepersonouttherethatoneismeantfor.(Para.9)Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point Thereisoneintheworldforwhosesakeyouwereborn.世上有一个人是你为之而生的。8.Evenduringthepreteenyears,romanticexperiencesareculturedinthesensethatsocie
27、talandgrouppracticesandexpectationsshaperomanticexperience.(Para.10)preteen:of,relatingto,characteristicof,ordesignedforpreteens13岁以下儿童的 e.g.preteen fashions 青春期前儿童时装 culture：cultivatesocietal:relatingtoaparticularsociety,orthewaysocietyisorganized社会的社会的 e.g.societal changes 社会变革 societal forces 社会势
28、力 Shape:condition,form Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 9.ReganandBerscheid(1999)differentiatebetweenlust,desire,andromanticlove.(Para.11)differentiate:toseeorshowadifferencebetweenthings=distinguish识别；看出识别；看出的差别的差别e.g.1)Neil is color-blind and cannot differentiate between red and green.2)I
29、ts sometimes hard to differentiate one sample from another.Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 10.Oncedesirediminishes,disappointedloversmaywonderwherethe“spark”intheirrelationshiphasgoneandmayreminisceregretfully(andlongingly)about“thegoodolddays”.(Para.11)Reading FocusReading Focus Language
30、Point diminish:tobecomeless,ortomakesomethingbecomeless（使）变小；（使）减少e.g.Suddenly the wind diminished and the seas grew calm again.突然风变小了，大海又平静了下来。reminisce:v.torecallortalkaboutpastexperiences,events,etc.追忆往事，缅怀往事；回忆，话旧reminiscence(n.)e.g.We spent the evening reminiscing about our university days.我们整晚
31、都在追忆我们的大学时光。Exercise:Choosetheappropriatewordtofillintheblank,changetheformwhennecessary.Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point diminishdecreasereduce1)Ourwatersupply_asaresultofthedrought.2)Therehasbeenasteady_inpopulationinthiscity.3)Thehelmetlawshould_injuriesinmotorcycleaccidents.hasdiminishe
32、ddecreasereduceKey1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-Task1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase in the sentence.(P107)AACBBCDCReading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action ACTask 21.Thetwocountrieshavealways_closerelations.2.Whenweretogether,allhetalksaboutisbusiness.Iwis
33、hheweremore_.3.Themuseumisclosedwhile_repairsarebeingcarriedout.4.Shehadpackedtwocaseswithclothes,towelsandother_.5.Hiscoachinghasaddedanother_tomygame.Readthewordsandtheirexplanationsinthebox.Chooseawordtocompleteeachofthesentencesbelowandexplainitsmeaning.Changetheformifnecessary.(P107)maintained(
34、a)romantic(a)Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action maintain,intimate,essential,defy,dimension,romanticessential(a)essentials(c)dimension(c)6.Werenoton_termswithourneighbours.7.He_thatthemoneywasdonatedforinternationalpurposes.8.Thebeautyofthescene_description.9.He_hiswisheswithaslightnodof
35、hishead.10.Computersdesigntoolsthatworkinthree_.intimate(a)maintained(c)defies(b)intimated(d)Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action dimensions(a)11.ThiswasthefirsttimethatIdaredto_mymother.12.ThecastleissetinoneofEnglandsmost_landscapes.13.Ididnotrealizethe_oftheproblem.14.Herincomewasbarel
36、yenoughto_onechild,letalonethree.15.Hesurprisedmewithhis_knowledgeofKierkegaardandSchopenhauer.defy(a)romantic(b)dimensions(b)Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action maintain(d)intimate(c)Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action Task3Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word
37、 from the box.Change the form if necessary.1)2)3)4)5)6)7)8)9)10)prerequisitedateRespectimportantwhomevercandidateshighlyessentialsuitablesufficientTheLastChapterReading MoreReading MoreReading MoreReading More GlobalUnderstanding DetailedInformation CriticalThinking LanguagePoints VocabularyinAction
38、FightingyouthParas.4-6LovingcoupleChangehappeningParas.1-3Paras.7-15LovingbecauseofforgettingParas.16-18Reading Reading MoreMoreGlobalGlobal UnderstandingUnderstandingText ExplorationComplete the following extra with information from the text.(P113)Key:1)everything2)throw3)lost6)financial7)alcohol8)
39、taking4)marriage5)fear9)where10)explainedReading FocusReading Focus Detailed Information11)anxiety12)cry13)approached14)shared15)structureCritical ThinkingCritical ThinkingReading MoreReading MoreStepOneWork together with your partner to answer the following questions based on the text youve just re
40、ad.1.Whatcausedtheproblemsinthemarriageoftheoldcouplewhentheywereyoung?2.Whatwasthecauseforthechangesthatoccurredlaterwhentheygotold?3.Ifyouwereamarriageconsultant,whatsuggestionswouldyougivetocoupleswhohavethesameproblemsastheoldcouplehadinthepassage?Reading MoreCritical ThinkingStepTwoDiscuss in g
41、roups the following questions.1.Whydoweneedmarriagetoday?Isitloneliness?Isitteamwork?Sharewithyourclassmatesyourideasaboutwhypeoplegetmarried.2.“Youdonotmarrysomeoneyoucanlivewith;youmarrythepersonyoucannotlivewithout.”Doyouagreewiththesaying?Giveyourreasons.Reading MoreCritical Thinking1.Theirlovin
42、greassurancesweresweet,touchingandsurprising.(Para.3)Reading More Reading More Language Point reassurance:somethingthatissaidordonewhichmakessomeonefeelcalmerandlessworriedorfrightenedaboutaproblem再承诺e.g.1)Parents are looking for reassurance about their childrens safety.2)The Administration gave rep
43、eated reassurances that there was absolutely no danger to the public.2.HewasaRepublican;sheanardentDemocrat.(Para.5)Reading More Reading More Language Point ardent:showingstrongpositivefeelingsaboutanactivityanddeterminationtosucceedatit热心的e.g.1)Hes been one of the most ardent supporters of the admi
44、nistrations policy.2)an ardent baseball fan3.Theeverydayfrustrationsoflifeattheofficecametoroostathome.(Para.5)Reading More Reading More Language Point cometoroost:Ifbadorwrongthingsthatsomeonehasdoneinthepasthavecomehometoroost,oriftheirchickenshavecomehometoroost,theyarenowexperiencingtheunpleasan
45、teffectsoftheseactions.自食苦果;得到惩罚;遭到报应e.g.Politicianscanfoolsomepeoplesomeofthetime,butintheend,thechickenswillcomehometoroost.政客们有时能够愚弄一些人，但最终他们都会自食恶果。每天工作上的不如意也会到回家来吵。每天工作上的不如意也会到回家来吵。4.Therewasahopethattheywouldchangeoncetheyretired,andthefuriouswindsdidcalmsomewhat,butwhatremainedsteeleditselfint
46、obright,hardbitterness.(Para.6)Reading More Reading More Language Point furious:donewithalotofenergy,effort,oranger猛烈的，强烈的，激烈的e.g.a furious storm 猛烈的暴风雨 a furious argument 激烈的争论steelyourself:bepreparedfor,toprepareyourselftodosomethingthatyouknowwillbeunpleasantorupsetting准备应付（不愉快的事）e.g.As she waite
47、d,she steeled herself for disappointment.但是，余怒却结成了强烈的怨恨。5.Whynottrytomakethebestofthings?Wedprovidethecake,theballoons,thetoasts,andtheydabidebyonerule:nofighting.(Para.7)makethebestofsth.:dowhateveronecantomakeabadsituationintoabetterone.善处逆境Whynottaketheoccasionasanopportunitytoimprovetheirhostile
48、position?Reading More Reading More Language Point abideby:toacceptandobeyadecision,rule,agreementetc,eventhoughyoumaynotagreewithite.g.You have to abide by the referees decision.6.Asdebilitatingdementiasettledin,theirmarriagewasabouttheonlythingtheywouldntlose.Reading More Reading More Language Poin
49、t debilitate:(illness)causeoryourbodyormindgraduallyweaker使虚弱e.g.Stewart took over yesterday when Russell was debilitated by a stomach virus.dementia:anillnessthataffectsthebrainandmemory,graduallycausinglossoftheabilitytothinkandbehavenormally(especiallyinelderlypeople)痴呆Settlein/into:becomeusedtod
50、oingsth.成为习惯适应。here:thesymptomsoftheillnessoccurredandbecamemoreandmoreevident.7.Sharingbeingunthinkable,theyddevisedfinaincialarrangementssoelaboratetheycouldtriggerwaratanytime.Reading More Reading More Language Point Sinceitsunthinkableforbothtosharemutalaccounts,theyhavearrangedtheirsavingsinsuc