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1、过去完成时The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时1.过去完成时的构成过去完成时的构成2.助动词助动词 had(用于各种人称和数用于各种人称和数)+过去分词过去分词When I got to school,the bell had rung.2.过去完成时的用法过去完成时的用法:主要是表示在过去某个时间主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作作之前已经发生或完成的动作.也就也就是是过去的过去过去的过去.The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时3.常用的几种方式常用的几种方式:用介词用介词by,before 等构成的时间短语等构成的时间短语.用
2、连词用连词when,before,after或者短语或者短语by the time引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句.We had learnt 20 English songs by the end of last month.The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.By the time I got up,my brother had left home.1.否定形式：否定形式：had+not+过去分去分词(had not照照样可可缩写写hadnt)。2.一般疑一般疑问形式：形式：had提到句首，回答用提到句首，回答用Yes,
3、主主语+had./No,主主语+hadnt.例如：例如：Had he told you to go there earlier yesterday?他他昨天告知昨天告知过你早点儿到那儿你早点儿到那儿吗？Yes,he had./No,he hadnt.是的，他告知了。是的，他告知了。/不，不，他没有。他没有。3.被动语态形式：被动语态形式：had+been+过去分词。过去分词。如：如：When I got there,the windows had been broken.常用动词的过去式和过去分词常用动词的过去式和过去分词play played playedwork worked worked
4、leave left leftsay said saidgo went gonebe was/were beentake took takenget got gottenstart started started break broke broken speak spoke spoken drive drove driven see saw seen eat ate eaten give gave given know knew known grow grew grownBy the time I got outside,the bus had already left.the policem
5、an get to the shopTom run away By the time the policeman got to the shop,Tom had run away.Speaking-freely:By the time or WhenLiu Mei wake up the concert be over By the time Liu Mei woke up,the concert had been over.his grandma come from AmericaLi Ming grow up By the time his grandma came from Americ
6、a,Li Ming had grown up.2006 2011 learn 4000 English words By the end ofBy the end of 2006,I had learned 4000 new words.1.We _(learn)two thousands 1.We _(learn)two thousands words by the time I went to Middle School.words by the time I went to Middle School.3.3.When we _(arrive)at the station,When we
7、 _(arrive)at the station,they _(wait)for more than twenty they _(wait)for more than twenty minutes.minutes.had learnedarrivedhad waited2.I _(know)2.I _(know)him when I was a him when I was a student.student.had known4.One of the men didnt move,because he 4.One of the men didnt move,because he _ (bre
8、ak)his legs._ (break)his legs.had broken5.By yesterday evening he _ that important letter.(write)6.I thought I _ the man before.(meet)7.By six oclock they _ for ten hours.(work)8.I went to Nicks house,but he _ out.(go)9.I _ the problem when class was over.(not understand)had writtenhad writtenhad me
9、thad methad workedhad worked had gonehad gonehadnt understoodhadnt understood口语练习口语练习1.a.I got up.My brother was in the shower already.b.By the time I got up,my brother _ in the shower already.2.a.I ran outside to the bus stop.The bus was gone.b.3.a.I got home.I realized that my homework was still a
10、t school.b.had gottenBy the time I ran outside to the bus stop,the bus had already gone.When I got home,I realized that I had left my homework at school.4.a.I woke up.My clock stopped two hours ago.b.5.a.I got to the cinema at 8.The film started at 7:30.b.6.a.I got to the party.Jim went home an hour ago.b.By the time I got to the cinema,the film had already started.By the time I woke up,my clock had stopped for two hours.When I got to the party,Jim hadalready gone home.THANK YOU