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1、9BU4-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过(江苏专用)知识点1：重要单词和词组1、词性变换crowd (n.) -(adj.)pollute (v.) -(n.) -(adj.)rapid (adj.) -(adv.)increase (n.) (v.)comfortable (adj.) -(adv.) -(反义词)taste(v.) -(n.)-(adj.) -(比较级)一(最高级)-(adj.) -(反义词)special (adj.) (adv.)challenge (n.) (v.) (adj.)develop (v.) -(n.) -(adj.) -(adj.)【答案】
2、crowded 2. pollution; polluted 3. rapidly 4. increase 5. comfortably; uncomfortable6. taste; tasty; tastier; tastiest; tasteful; tasteless 7. specially 8. challenge; challenging9. development; developed; developing2、重要词组(1)氧气罐(3)睡袋(5)到2)00年时(7)再；重新(2)干粮(4)电源包(6)人口上的快速增长(8)以.的速度例 2: They want to deve
3、lop a kind a dog-friendly food will help dog owners cool down their pets.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. whether例 3:I like the photo I took on the beach yesterday. What do you think of it?Well, really nice!A. whereB. whenC. whichD. who例 4:The charity show he devoted much time to(prove) to be a success.例 5:T
4、he boy his teacher paid much attention to(improve) a lot in the lest at last.答案】D C C proved improved回叵回回回叵回回回叵回回回叵回回重难点训练一、单项选择1 .Its necessary to cover your nose and mouth while sneezing because viruses usually float the air us.A .in ； inB.around； inC. in； aroundD.around ； around2. Lets play a gam
5、e on Mars, shall we?-Ok, though I prefer a game on TV.A .watchB .to watchC. watchingD. to watching3 .Do you still remember the amount of money_Of course. Whats wrong?A.storeB .storing in the bank?C .is storedD. stored4.The film Big Here 6 is interesting,?A .is itB.are theyC .arent theyD.isnt it5. Ac
6、cording to the guide living on Mars, there is traffic air pollution .A.to; ofB.of ;withoutC.to; without D. of; ofA.so;thatA.so;that6.Thc number of the students in our school . about eight hundred .A .arcB.wcreC.isD.bc7.1 think our spacecraft are slow _ carry large number of people to Mars at present
7、.A.so;thatB. such;thatC.too;toD.enough;to8. The advantages of the Chongqi Bridge have already been seen .一 good news to us !A.WhatB .What aC.HowD.How a9.Id rather the party a song than a dance.A .(o slarl;wi(h B. starting;toC .start;with D.to start ;toI O.There are teachers in our school,and . of th
8、em are women teachers .A.two hundreds; three-fouthB.two hundred; three-fouthsC.two hundred; third-fbuthsD.two hundreds; three-fouths.Why not your brother a message fbr us ?A.have;takeB.to have;to takeC.have;to take D.tohaveitake.What do you think of the film Titantic 3D?.-Its fantastic.The only pity
9、 is that I the beginning of it.A.was missingB. missC .will miss D.missed. Can you tell me in the future ?A how life will be likeB. how will life be likeC what life will be likeD .what will life be like.with cars,bicyclcs have many advantages.A.Compare withB.Compared withC.CompareforD.Tb compare for【
10、答案】CBDDCCCACB ADCB二、完成句子I招来你可以买一辆车，它可以漂浮在空中。You can buy a car in the air.2今天你可以用62元人民币换大约10美元。You can about$ 10 62yuan today.3如果你帮助了别人，就可以获得一些电子货币，并把它们存在社区的电脑里。If you help others, you can get some money and it in the community computers.3.火星重力只有地球重力的八分之三。The on Mars is only about of that on Earth.【答
11、案】l.which can float; in the future 2.get;with 3.electric;store d.gravity; three eighths三、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空The National Day we were looking forward to(come) al last.1. The clean water(provide) for the people in the disaster areas as soon as it arrives.2. The project they had worked on for a long time(p
12、rove) to be a big success.3. The sunlight we are all used to(include) seven different colours.4. Do you know who the teachers had(represent) our school to attend the meeting?5. The life that we are used to(change) greatly since the 1990s.6. Mother promises to buy him a new computer(connect) to the I
13、nternet if he successfully takes on the new challenge.7. The science fiction books John looks forward to(sell) well on the market.8. I tried many ways I could think of(stop) the little boy from crying.【答案】came 2. provided 3. proved 4. includes 5. representhas changed 7. connected 8. sell 9. to stop四
14、、单词拼写Look! Some fish are dead. The water in ihe river must be (被污染的).1. The bus is old and dirty. It makes my journey (不舒服的).2. When speaking to a (陌生人)，youd better be careful.3. We have to explore (he (可能性)of working with them.1.1 will not pay the (增加)in my bills unless you make all this clear.6. S
15、he changed her clothes (迅速地)and went outside.7. The train stopped suddenly and all the (乘客)were worried.8. The cookies are so (味道好的)that I can hardly stop eating.9. Have you ever thought of moving to another （行星）.【答案】3. stranger4. possibility8. tasty9. planet3. stranger4. possibility8. tasty9. plane
16、t3. stranger4. possibility8. tasty9. planet3. stranger4. possibility8. tasty9. planet5. increase1. polluted 2. uncomfortablerapidly7. passengers五、完形填空Every summer, a great many students travel to other countries, looking fbr work and adventure. Most of the 16 are in seasonal work, mainly connected w
17、ith tourism and agriculture. The pay is usually poor, but most students work abroad for the excitement of travel. You can pick grapes in France, look after kids in American summer camps, and. of course, there are 17 jobs in hotels and restaurants.But it is not easy to find work. 18 you speak the lan
18、guage of the country well, there will be very few openings, says Anthea Eills, an adviser on vacation work fbr the students. uIf you work with a family in Italy, you,ll have to speak Italian. When you wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris, the owner will expect you to speak 19. British students only
19、have a language advantage fbr jobs in the USA and Australia.Not everyone enjoys （he 20 . Sarah James and her friend were employed（雇佣）io helpforty American children in Europe. The two young teachers with the children had never been 21. One childlost his passport; another became seriously ill during t
20、he journey and was sent home; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the noise they made; and Sarah herself 22 on her only free evening of the entire trip. uWc did have the 23 chance in our life to go abroad and visit a lot of new places,“ she says, “but it wasnt worth it. The pay wa
21、s 24 and it really was a 24-hour-a-day job. The kids never slept!,“The trouble is, students 25 to have an easy time at it,“ Anthea Ellis points out. tin fact, they have to work hard, with few employment rights. As soon as the holiday season finishes, they,ll lose the jobs.23. A. firstB. finalC. best
22、D. only六、阅读理解16. A. workB. luckC. chancesD. changes17. A. alwaysB. hardlyC. neverD. seldom18. A. IfB. UnlessC. BecauseD. Although19. A. ItalianB. EnglishC. FrenchD. Japanese20. A. travelB. tripC. journeyD. experience21. A. aloneB. abroadC. awakeD. anywhere22. A. robbedB. robsC. robD. was robbed24.A.
23、 goodB. highC. poorD. a lot25.A. exploreB. expectC. offerD. Advise【答案】CABCDBDACBThe weather is getting holler and youll be getting thirstier playing basketball or riding home from school. A cold drink may be just the thing. But be careful with what you pour down your throat. Something that looks coo
24、l may not be good for your health.There are plenty of so-called energy drinks on the market. Most of them have an attractive colour and a cool name. Their nutrition （营养）list also has various things from vitamins to ginseng （人参）.Sounds great!But after a careful check you may find that most energy dri
25、nks have high levels of caffeine （咖啡因）.These drinks are aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players.Makers sometimes say their drinks make you belter at sports and can keep you awake. But be careful not to drink too much.Caffeine raises your heartbeat （心跳）.Because of this, the In
26、ternational Olympic Committee has limited （限制） its use. The amount of caffeine in most energy drinks is at least as high as in a cup of strong coffee or strong tea.There arc potential （潜在的）health dangers connected with energy drinks. Just one can of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty
27、 sleeping and can even cause heart attacks.Teenagers should be discouraged from taking drinks with a lot of caffeine in them, an expert from the Australia Nutrition Foundation said.（）6.The teenagers like drinking energy drinks because of the following EXCEPT that.A. （hey have an attractive colour an
28、d a cool nameB. they have high levels of caffeineC. they can keep them awake and better at sportsD. they arc said to have various nutrition（）7. The teenagers should not drink too many energy drinks. Which of the followingshould be the best reason for it?A. The drinks can cause heart attacks.B. The d
29、rinks make them nervous.C. The drinks make them have difficulty in sleeping.D. The drinks have potential health dangers.)8. The underlined word discouraged in the last paragraph can be replaced(替换)byA. droppedB. stoppedC. helped D. asked)9. From (he passage we can infer (推断)that.A. advertisements pl
30、ay an important part in getting people to buy the goodsB. the amount of caffeine in most energy drinks is lower than that in a cup of strong coffeeC. Australian teenagers drink more energy drinks than those in other countriesD. the energy drinks are aimed at young people)10. Which of the following c
31、an be the best title of the passage?A Whats the Use of Energy Drinks?B. Who can Drink Energy Drinks?C. Whats That in Energy Drinks?D. Why Cant We Buy Energy Drinks?【答案】BDBAC【答案】air tankdried foodsleeping bagpower packby the ycarUOOthe rapid increase in populationall over againat a/the speed of.in th
32、e form of.the journey to Marsfloat off into spacecompare.with.in some waysconnect to.(9)以.的形式(11)漂浮到太空中(13)在某些方面(9)以.的形式(11)漂浮到太空中(13)在某些方面(9)以.的形式(11)漂浮到太空中(13)在某些方面(9)以.的形式(11)漂浮到太空中(13)在某些方面(10)到火星的旅行(12)与.相比(14)与什么连接知识点2：重点词组的用法think aboutthink about考虑，想起think of考虑；记起；想起think over仔细考虑think up想出，
33、发明注意：What do you think of.? 你觉得怎么样？1. population 人口当population作为具体的人时，是复数。如果是人的数量，用法和number类似，数量分大小，所以只有large/small population.2. at the speed of以的速度That night he drove the car at the speed of 200km per hour.那天晚上他以每小时 200丁米的速度驾驶。类似的短语：at full/high speed全速/高速increase by+倍数或百分数表示“增加了”increase to+具体的数字
34、表示“增加到”increase in .在 方面的增长The population of this town has increased by 5 percent.The population of our country has increased to 1.3 billion.5. compare v.比较compare .with把和比较If you compare his work with hers, you will find hers is much better.如果你把他的工作和她的做比较，你会发现她的好得多。(1) compare.to 把比作Poets have comp
35、ared sleep to death.诗人将睡眠比作死亡。6. in some ways 在一些方面；在某种程度上way的相关短语in the way挡路，妨碍in this way用这种方式by the way顺便问一下on the way to在去的路上specially adv.特别地要注意specially和especially的区别(IEspecially是副词，意为“尤其”、“特别”，通常用来对前面所述的事件进行进一步的说明或补充。Its especially hoi loday.今天天气特别热。He likes all subjects, especially English.
36、他喜欢所有的学科，尤其是英语。(2) specially也是副词，意为“专门地”“特地”，表示“不是为了别的，而只是为了”,强调唯一目的。He came here specially to say sorry to her.他特意来这里向她道歉。He returned to her hometown specially to see her sick mother 她回到家乡专门看望生病的母亲。7. prevent sb from doing阻止某人做某事相当于 stop sb from doing, from 可省略。We cannot prevent/stop an earthquake
37、from coming.我们不能阻止地震的到来。8. challenging adj.挑战性的Mike found a challenging job as a computer programmer.challengechallengeto向某人挑战My father challenged me to a table tennis game.父亲向我挑战一场乒乓球赛。知识点3：重点句型用法How do you like life on Mars?(P50)你觉得火星上的生活怎么样？How do you Hke？常用来询问对方对某人或某一事物的看法、感受、印象如何。表达这一意思时还可以说Wha
38、t do you think of.?1.1 thought you liked Mars. (P50)我本以为你喜欢火星。ihought是think的过去式，在此处表示“本以为，一般在动词填空题里会涉及到。3. What would it be like to live on Mars? (P51)住在火星上将会是什么样子呢？What will/would sth. be like 这是 Whats sth. like 的将来时句型。需要注意此句型在宾语从句中要改为What sth. will/would be like.4. Some people believe that humans
39、could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100. (P52) 一些人相信人类到2100为止能够居住在火星上。5. Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted because of the rapid increase in population. (P52)我们自己的星球，地球，由于人口的快速增长将会变得越来越拥挤。比较级and比较级表示“越来越”because of +名词短语 increase in.在方面的增长It is hoped tha
40、t people could start all over again and build a better world on Mars. (P52)人们希望能够在火星上重新开始并且建立一个更美好的世界。It is +过去分词句型It is said. 据说It is believed. 据相信5. At present, our spacecraft are too slow to carry large numbers of passengers to Mars -it would take months. (P52)目前，我们的宇宙飞船太慢而不能运送大量的乘客去火星，这要花费数月的时间。
41、(1) too.to.太而不能.注意和enough to的句型转换He is too short to reach the apples on the tree.=He is not tall enough to reach the apples on the tree.(2) a number of.大量的，后面跟可数名词复数(he number of.的数量With the development of technology, by the year 2100, the journey might only take about 20 minutes in spacecraft that
42、travel at the speed of light! (P52)随着技术的发展，到2100年，坐飞船以光速旅行只需要花费大约20分钟的时间。with表示伴随着with the help of.在的帮助下with the support of. 在的支持下Human cannot survive without water, oxygen or food. (P52)人类没有水、空气或食物无法生存。本单元的语法讲的是简单句与省略句的转换，所以此处就等于Human cannot survive if there is no food, water or oxygen.6. The gravi
43、ty on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth. (P53)火星的重力只有地球的大约八分之三。分数的表达法 分数表达法：分子是基数词，分母是序数词，如果分子大于1,分母要用复数形式，在分子与分母之间 可加连字符也可不加连字符。分数+of+名词结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数视。f后面的名词而定，如果名词是复数，谓语动词用 复数形式；如果名词是单数或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式0One third of the water is dirty.Two thirds of the workers in our factory a
44、re young people.7. Compared with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways. (P53)与地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面要好些。过去分词短语compared with life on the Earth在句中作状语。主语是life与compare之间是被动关系，所以compare需要用过去分词；如果1 i fe与compare之间是主动关系，则compare用动名词形式。Comparing the prices of shoes in three shops, she de
45、cided to choose (he cheapest one.8. Every student would have a computer at home connected to an interplanetary network. (P53)每个学生家里都有一台电脑与星际网络连接。过去分词短语connected to an interplanetary network在句中作定语，修饰前面的computer.connect. to.意为：把 连接在 上， 与 连在一起。此处 connected to an interplanetary network 是过去分词短语，作后置定语修饰名词
46、computer。这里的名词computer与动词connect是动宾关系，故动词 用过去分词形式。如果被修饰的名词与动词之间是主谓关系，则用该动词的现在分词形式。The railway connecting Shanghai (o Tianjin is under construction now.9. Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging. (P53)火星上的生活，不仅有挑战性，还很有趣。as well as 不但而且，既又注意：这一短语在译成中文时，应先译aswellas后面的内容，再译前面的。He as wel
47、l as his friends likes going shopping.1 .advantage 优点，优势advantage既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，意为“优势，优点，有利条件”，其反义词为disadvantage, 意为“劣势，缺点，不利条件。”例：As we all know, the advantages of a good education are greal.众所周知，良好的教育益处很大。例:If you cant speak English well, you will be at a big disadvantage when you try to get a job.你要是英语讲的不好，找工作时就会处于非常不利的地位。2 .After all, humans have already been to the Moon.毕竟，人们已经到过月球。after all意为“毕竟，这是after all 一般放在句首，用来提醒对方（听话的人）似乎忘记了一个重要事实， 或者忽略了某个重要的理由或论点。例：After all, he is a child.毕竟他是一个小孩。拓