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1、2022-2023第一学期期末测试高一英语第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Football: Designing the Beautiful GaineWhether you are a crazy fan or sideline supporter, visitors to this exhibition will enjoy discovering the remarkable design stories behind the worlds beautifill game
2、.What to expectThe exhibition explores the story behind football, showing how design has been used to push the game to new limits. Take a journey through over 500 objects, films and interviews in sporting performance, equipment development and stadium design, and involve yourself in the stories of c
3、lubs and game legends（传奇人物）including Messi. Pel6, George Best and Diego Maradona.Held by the Design Museum and the National Football Museum in Manchester, the show reveals the master planning of the worlds most significant football stadiums, the design innovation used in todays equipment, how the gr
4、aphic design of team badges（徽章）and posters shapes a clubs identity and how grassroots5 efforts are pushing the sports commercialization.Ticket informationOnline booking is advised but tickets will also be available in the booking office. Last entry to the exhibition is 90 minutes before the museum c
5、loses.Adult tickets arc charged from 16 and student tickets from 12. Meanwhile, you can save 25% on family and group tickets.Present your exhibition entry ticket for 10% off food and drink at London Grade Coffee on the ground floor.1. What can visitors do at the exhibition?A. Design a team badge.B.
6、Interview master designers.C. Put on football equipment.D. Learn about famous football players.2. How much should a couple with their 11 -year-old son pay at least for admission?A. 33.B. 36.C. 44.D. 48.3. What will visitors enjoy with the ticket? nails!”可知一段励志名言开头是这样说的：“美丽并不意味着有一张漂亮的脸，还意味着漂 亮的心灵和灵魂，
7、哦，还有漂亮的指甲！接着后文讲述了患有脑瘫的Peters,想要到沃尔 玛购物中心的一家美甲沙龙里去做指甲，却被拒之门外。因为疾病的原因，她不能让手静止， 当时沃尔玛正要休息的职员Harris看见了这一幕，热心地帮助她做美甲这个故事。由此可推 知，作者在文章首段引用那句关于美的名言是为了引出文章的主题。故选B。5 .细节理解题。根据第二段中 The salon told her that they were afraid i（ would be loo difficult to properly paint her nails given that her hands kept shaking.
8、 What was meant to be a day of beauty for Peters was now a disappointment.可知美容院告诉她，由于她的手一直在抖，他们担心很难 给她好好地涂指甲。对Peters来说，这本来是一个美丽的日子，现在却令人失望。由此可知， 这家美甲店拒绝了 Peters的美甲请求是因为Peters的手一直抖个不停。故选C。6 .推理判断题。根据第三段中 Ebony Harris recognized Peters as a Wal mart regular. Shds just like everyone else. She wants to
9、look pretty. So why cant she? Harris said.（ Ebony Harris 承认 Peiers是沃尔玛的常客。“她和其他人没什么两样。她想看起来漂亮。为什么她不能做美甲 呢？ “Harris 说）以及最后一段中“She was so patient with her, she wrote. Thanks to the Walmart worker for making this beautiful girls day!”（“她对她很有耐心，“她写道。”感谢沃尔玛 的工作人员让这个美丽的女生节变得如此美好巧由此可推知，Harris帮助了被美甲店拒绝的 Pet
10、ers,答应给她美甲，而且非常有耐心。Harris有一副热心肠且非常有耐心。故选D。7 .推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She was so patient with her,“ she wrote. ”Thanks to the Walmart worker for making this beautiful girls day!”可知“她对她很有耐心,“她写道。”感谢沃 尔玛的工作人员让这个美丽的女孩度过了美好的一天!”由此可推知，Tasia Smith高度赞扬了 Harris的行为。故选A。8 . C 9. A 10. B 11. C本文是一篇记叙文。作者在商店购物时遇到了一个流浪汉，当时
11、这个流浪汉要求顾客为他购 买食物。其他顾客没有理会他，但作者却帮助了他，为他买了食物和饮品。作者在文章最后 表达了他对无家可归的人的同情和关爱。9 .细节理解题。根据第二段第一句The man in front of me pretended not to hear him; it was as if he were not there.（我面前的男人假装没听见；就好像他不在那里一样）”可知，在作者前面 的男人根本没有回应那个无家可归的人的要求。故选C。10 细节理解题。根据第三段中第三、四句The cashier seemed to be keeping a close eye on him
12、.I admit I was too, as I didnt want him to steal anythingeither!（收银员似乎在密切注视着他。我承认我也是，因为我也不想让他偷东西）“可知，我 和收银员都担心那个无家可归的人会偷东西。故选A。11 .细节理解题。根据第四段“In the end, we both ended up leaving the store, but he stood right outside holding the cupcakes and talking to himself. Or maybe he was talking with someone
13、who he thought was there.（最后，我们俩最终都离开了商店，但他站在外面拿着纸杯蛋糕自言自语。 或者，也许他正在和他认为在那里的人交谈）”可知，那个无家可归的人离开商店后在自言自 语。故选B。12 .推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句This mans circumstances （处境）saddened me.（这个人 的处境使我伤心）和末尾Maybe for different reasons, but still I hope to run into him again someday. Maybe we can sit down and have lunch toge
14、ther.（也许是因为不同的原因，但我还是希 望有一天能再次遇到他。也许我们可以坐下来一起吃午饭）”以及文中所描述的作者对这个无 家可归的人的帮助，可知作者是一位关心他人的人.故选C。13 . C 13. A 14. D 15. D这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了最近古生物学家开始利用蚂蚁来帮助自己寻找和收集化石, 尽管蚂蚁很小而且还会咬人，但它仍然发挥了极大的作用。蚂蚁的帮助不仅减轻了古生物学 家的负担，也加快了占生物化石的发掘进度。【详解】1.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“A small group of paleontologists （古 生物学家）recently disco
15、vered 10 species of ancient mammals previously unknown lo science with the help of an enormous number of helpers at their dig site: anls.（最近，一小群古生物学家 在他们挖掘现场的大量帮手蚂蚁的帮助下，发现了 10种以前科学界不知道的古代哺乳 动物。）*口第二段中“The ants are not fantastic when theyre biting you,“ said Samantha Hopkins, a professor of Earth Sci
16、ences at the University of Oregon. kBut Ive got to appreciate them because they make my job a whole lot easier.”（俄勒冈大学地球科学教授 Samantha Hopkins 说： “当蚂蚁咬你的时候，它们并不是很奇妙。”“但我必须感激他们，因为它们让我的工作轻松 了很多。可知，本文主要讲述了最近古生物学家开始利用蚂蚁来帮助自己寻找和收集化 石。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是介绍作为古生物学家助手的一种蚂蚁。故选C项。2 .推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句The study of ancie
17、nt mammals sheds new light on the diversity of mammals that existed in North America around 33 million to 35 million years ago, when the climate was changing drastically.（这项对古代哺乳动物的研究揭示了大约3300万到3500万年前气候剧烈变化时北美洲哺乳 动物的多样性。）“可知，古生物学家对古代哺乳动物的研究进一步揭示了以前哺乳动物的多 样性，那时气候正发生剧烈变化，由此可推知，气候可能会影响哺乳动物的多样性。故选A 项。3
18、 .词义猜测题。根据文章第三段第一句中的“Mosl species of harvester ants live in subterranean caves（大多数种类的收获蚊生活在subterranean洞穴中）”可知，此句是在介绍收获蚁的居住环 境。再根据画线单词下文“that sit beneath a small hill of dirt（洞穴位于小土丘下面）”可知，此处 用that引导的定语从句来解释说明洞穴，即洞穴位于地下洞穴中，由此可推断，画线词意为 “地下的，与D项Underground（地下的）”意思一样。故选D项。4 .细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The materials
19、 include fossils.（这些材料包括化石。）”以及 第四段中“For over a century, scientists like Dr. Hopkins have found sediment （沉积物）off the sides of harvester ant hills in search of these fossils, making it easier to find large numbers of fossilized mammal teeth without spending hours in the field sifting through sand an
20、d dir（.（彳、多 世纪以来，像Hopkins博士这样的科学家一直在采集蚁丘两侧发现沉积物，以寻找这些化石， 这使得不用花费数小时在田野里筛选沙土，就能更容易地找到大量哺乳动物牙齿化石。户可 知，科学家们从收获蚊在洞穴上堆起的小山周围找到了微型脊椎动物化石。故选D项。16 . A 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. D这是一篇说明文，主要就如何使我们的生活更美好提出一些具体建议。16.根据前文“Everyone at some time feels that their life is going nowhere - and fasi.（每个人都 会有时感到他们的生活匆匆忙:忙:，
21、迷茫无措）”可知，人们经常会在生活中遇到迷茫无措的困 境和下文“then it is time to do something to increase the quality of your life.（那么现在你就该做 些事情，改善你的生活质量）”可知，A选项句“If you do feel that,（如果你有那样的感受）”承接 上文，针对人们的困境引出下文的建议，符合上下文联系，故选A项。17 . 根据前文“Make the first thing you do a treat that you have been expecting for some time.（首 先要做的就是用期盼
22、已久的事情犒劳自己）”可知，让自己的生活更美好的方式之一是时不时 犒赏下自己，做让自己喜悦的事情。F选项句“Dorft make excuses about not having time or money.（不要找借口说自己没有钱或没有时间）”承接上文，告诫读者不要找借口耽搁犒赏自 己这件事。故选F项。18 .根据前文小标题“Take up a hobby （培养一项爱好）后文“devote time to just sitting with a book.（花时间静坐下来读一本书）“可知，作者提出：读者可以坚持自己的一项爱好，比如阅读。 B选项句“If you love to read,（
23、如果你喜欢阅读）”符合文意，故选B项。19 .根据段落小标题“Learn a skill （学习一项技能）”和下文“You will feel a sense of achievement that will boost your self-image.（你将感到一种能够提升自我形象的成就感）”可知，该处表述学 习一项新技能给你带来的益处。G 项 “Learning a new skill is one of the most satisfying things you can do.（学习一项新技能是你可以做的最有满足感的事之一）”符合文意，故选G项。20 .根据前文段落小标题“Treal
24、yourself （犒劳自己）”和“Learn a skill （学习一项技能户可知， 该空格处作小标题，也应为祈使句句式结构。月.由后文“If you are lucky enough to have a loved one in your life who brightens your day when you speak to them, give them a call.（如果你足够幸 运，有一个能够只要通过聊天就能点亮你的生活的人，那么给他们打个电话吧）”可知，该段 建议读者与关爱的人时常保持沟通。D项选项句“Communicate with a loved one （与你在乎关 爱
25、的人保持沟通）”符合文意，故选D项。21 . C 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B这是一篇记叙文。本文描写作者在在乘坐火车的过程中看到的好人好事，一位老妇人丢失了 自己的行李箱，最终在同车的好心人帮助下她找回了行李。21 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和我两岁的孩子坐在从k莱尔到曼彻斯特的火车上。这是 一个春天的下午。A. evening晚上；B. morning早晨；C. afternoon下午；D. noon正午。根 据下文第三段“Over the next h
26、our” 以及“Then the two spent the rest of the night”可知，过了一小 时后就到晚上，他们找了整个晚匕 故推断之前时间是下午。故选C项。22 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时来了一位老太太，脸上带着忧虑的神色。A. satisfied 满意的：B. angry生气的:C. worried忧虑的：D. doubtful怀疑的。根据下文提到“She asked other passengers if they had seen her case （箱子）.She was going from compariment （车厢）to compartment,
27、looking for it. ”可知，这位老妇人是因为箱子不见了，在询问别人是否看到她的 箱子，因此此处神态应该是忧虑的。故选C项。23 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：她问其他乘客是否见过她的箱子。A. tourists游客；B. customers 顾客;C. kids 孩子;D. passengers 乘客。根据下文“She was going from compartment （车厢）to compartment, looking for it. ”可知，她在火车上车厢之间找自己的箱子，应该是问乘坐火车的 旅客们是否看到她的箱子。故选D项。A. A special discount on
28、goods at a cafe. B. A photo of a significant football stadium. C. A free visit to the National Football Museum. D. An invitation to a clubs sporting performance.“Beauty isnt about having a pretty face/ begins a motivational quote. Its about having a pretty mind, a pretty heart, and a pretty soul. Oh
29、, and pretty nails!”That may be Angela Peters motto. Last July, Peters, rolled her wheelchair into a nail salon （沙龙）at the Walmart shopping center in Burton to have her nails done. But Peters, who has cerebral palsy （脑瘫）,was turned away. The salon told her that they were afraid it would be too diffi
30、cult to properly paint her nails given that her hands kept shaking. What was meant to be a day of beauty fbr Peters was now a disappointment.A Walmart cashier about to go on her break happened to see this. Ebony Harris recognized Peters as a Walmart regular. 4tShes just like everyone else. She wants
31、 to look pretty. So why cant she?” Harris said.Harris approached Peters. Do you want me to do your nails? she asked.A smile spread across Peters* face. uYeah! Harris led Peters into the supermarket, where they shopped for nail polish. They settled on a color that would catch every eye. They then mad
32、e their way into a neighboring Subway, found a tabic for two, and started. Harris gently took Peters hand into hers and carcfi.illy began painting her nails. uShe moved her hands a little bit, and she kept saying she was sorry,“ Harris said. t4I told her, Dont say that. Youre fine/ She makes me look at life and appreciate it much more than I have.Watching it all with surprise and admiration was Subway employee Tasia Smith. Smith was so taken by the scene that she wrote about it on Facebook, with the aim to看至lj： witness see 繁忙的：busy bustling 了 解:l