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1、公共英语三级阅读题和答案S t u d e nts o f Uni t ed Sta t es history, see kin g to i dentify the cir c u mst a n ce s that one o u r a ged the emerg e nee o f femin i st movemcn t s , h a ve t h orough 1 y inv e stigated the m i d-ninete e nth-century A mer i c an economic and social condition th a t affect e d
2、the s ta t us o f wome n . T hes e histo r ian s , how e ver, h a ve an a lyzed les s f ul 1 y the dev elopm e nt of s pe c i f i cal 1 y femi n i st ideas and activities during t he same per i od. Furthermore, th e i d eolog i cal o r igins of femi n ism in the Lni t e d State have been obscu r ed
3、because, evenwhe n histor i ans d id takeinto accou n t those f cm i n i s t id e asand act ivi t i e s oc c ur r in g wi t hi n the Unit edStates, they fail e d torec o g n izethat feminism was then a t r u1 yin t ernation a 1 movementa ctu allycentered i n Eu r ope.America n feminist a c ti v i s
4、ts who hav ebeend esc r i b ed as “solitary” an d “individual theorists“ were inr ealit yc onnec t ed to a move m en t - utopians o c i a 1 i s m - w h i c hwas a 1 readyp opula r izing femi n ist id e asinE u rop e d urin g th e two decad e s that c u 1 m i n a t ed inth e f i r st women, s r ights
5、 co nference held at S e n e c a F al Is, New Yo r k , i n 184 8 . Thus, a c o mplete u n derstand i ng o f t h e origins a nd d e ve 1 o pment o f n i neteo n th-cc n tury f e m i n i s m i n th e Uni ted St a tes r eq u i res tha t the ge o g r a p h ical focus b e w i d e n ed to includ e Europe
6、and t h at the de t a i led study alre a d y m a de of social co n d i t ions be expanded to includ e th e i deolo g i c a 1 de v el o pment o f feminism.The earl iest a nd most pop u 1 a r of th e utopian soc i al ists were the S a in t -Simon i ans.The specific a lly fem i ni s t part o f Saint-S
7、i monian i sm h as, h o wev e r , been less studi e d t han th e group, s contrib i on simply to le a rn more abo u t a n issue. They then use the resu 1 t s ofth e a c t i on to dev elo p a more com p lete unde rsta nd i n g o fthe1 s sue. One implicat i on of t hinking /acting eye1 es isthata ctio
8、ni s o ften part o f d ef ini ng t he pro b 1 em, not just o f i m pl erne n t ing t he solution, a 1. Acc o rding to the t e xt, s e n i o r ma n agers us e intu i t ion in al 1 of th e foil owi n g waysEXCEPT t oA speed up of th e c re a tion o fa s olu t iont oaprob 1 em.B i de n tify a p r obi e
9、 in.C b r i ng together dis p ar a te facts.D stip u 1 at e clea r go a 1 s .2. The text s ugg e s t s which of t he following about the ”wri t e r s o n m a nageme nt” mentioned i nlino 1,para graph 2?A They h ave cri t icized ma nage r sfor notfol1 owi ngthe cla ssi calr ational model o f dec isio
10、n an a lys is.aBTheyh ave notba sedth e i r analyses on a s uf f ici e n tly1 a rg es ample o fact u a 1 ma nager s.a C They hav e rel i e d i n drawing their co n elusions o n w h at m an a ger s s ayrat h er than on what manage rsdo.a D Theyhavemisunders t oo dhow ma n a ger s u s e i ntuitio n in
11、ma k i ng busines sdecisio n s.3 . I t canbe inferred fr o m thet e xt t h atw h ich of th e fol1 owingwould most probably be one m a jo rdiff ere nce inbehavior be t wee n Manager X, who u ses i n tu i tion to re a ch de cis ion s, an d Mana g er Y, who u se s only formal de c isio n a n alysi s ?A
12、 Manag er X analy zes first and th e n acts； M a nager Y does n o t. a B Mana g e r X c hec k s p o s sible so 1 utio n s to a pr o blem b y s y s tematic an a 1 ysis; Mana g er Y d o es not.C Manager Xtakesact i o n i n or d e r to a r r i ve a t the solu t ion to a p roblem; Mana g e r Y does n ot
13、. a D Manage r Y d r aw s on years of han d s-on ex p e r ience in creati n g a s o lu t io n t o a pr o blem； Manager X doe s not. a 4. The text p r 0 v i d e s s up p ort for wh i ch 0 f the f o 1 lowing s tat e ments?A Ma n a g er s who r e ly on intui t i on are moresuccess f ul t han t h ose wh
14、o re 1 y on forma 1 decisio n a nal y sis.B Managers can n ot j u s tify t heir i ntu i t i v e d e cisi 0 n s . a C Man a g ers, in t u i t i on w o rks con tra r y t o their rationalan d analy t ical s k i Ils.D Intuiti o n enab 1 es mana g e r s t 0 employ their practica 1 exper ience mo r e e ff
15、i c ient 1 y . a 5. W h ich of t h e fo 1 low ing best d e sc r ibes th e or g a n izat i0 n of thefirs t paragraph of t he te x t ?A A nassertio nis ma d e and a spe c i f ic s upp ort i ng exampleisgi v en.B Ac onv e nt ional mod el is d ismi s s ed andan al tern a t ivein t ro d uced. a C The res
16、 u 1 t s of recent r es e a r cha re int r 0 d u c edand summ a r i z e d.D Tw o op p o sing point s of v i ew are p resen t ed a nd eval u ate d . 1.【答案】Da【考点解析】这是一道归纳推导题。本题题干中的“senior man agers”暗示本题的答案信息在第三段，由于第三段首句包含题干中的“senior manager s”。通过仔细阅读和理解本段中所谈到的五点，我们可推导出本题的对的选项是选项D。 本题选项A、B、C所涉及的内容分别在本段
17、的第五点、第一点和第三点提到。考生在解题 时一定要学会认真归纳和总结原文所表达的每一层含义。2 .【答案】1【考点解析】这是一道句间关系题。题干已将本题的答案信息圈定在第二段。本段中的第二句是本题答案信息的最重要来源，通过阅读和理解此句，我们可推导 出本题的对的选项是D。考生在解题时一定要适当理解上下句之间的关系.3 .【答案】O 【考点解析】本题是一道审题定位题。题干中的“who uses in t u i t ion to re a c h de c i s i o ns”暗示本题的答案信息在第四段，由于第四段首句具 有和题干中 “who uses i nt u i tion to rea
18、ch decisions”大体相同的 “th e int u i tive style o f exe c u tiv e management”。通过仔细阅读和理解第四段的每一 句话，我们可发现第四段的第一句话都在强调“ act”（行动），可见本题的对的选项应当是 强调行动的选项C。本题的答案信息来源是第四段的第二句话。考生在解题时一定要一方面 准确地审题定位，然后要善于归纳和理解原文中的中心主旨信息。*4.【答案】丛【考点解析】本题是一道审题定位题。题干中并没有明确指出本题答案信息在原文的准确位置。 在这种情况下，考生往往迷失解题思绪。在考生迷失解题思绪时一定要牢记全文中心主旨， 并且抓住
19、各段的核心句。本文的中心主旨句在第一段的尾句。假如考生可以抓住第一段的尾 句，并结合第三段的第四、五句，就可以推导出本题的对的选项应当是D。考生在解题时， 特别是在迷失解题思绪时，一定要一方面抓全文的中心主旨句，同时还要抓一些明确表达启 承转合关系的句子结构。5 4【答案】18【考点解析】本题是一道段落结构题。笫一句话中的“do not 和第二句句首的“ r a t h e r”是破解本题的关键。抓住这两个关 键就可以推导出本题的对的选项应当是Bo考生在解题时一定要注意表达否认的词语以及表 达启承转合的词语,更要注意句子之间的互相关系。a Kit c h en Desig n-*0 v er
20、th e ye a rs economic, s o cial and te c hn ologica 1 fact orshave inf 1 u e need the de s i g n of kite h en s . Sin c e i t i s often used s imul tan cously by bot h f amily m e mb e r s a s well a s gues t s, t h e k itc h en requir e s no t only a g lamoro u s 1 oo k b u t a pr a c tic a 1 on e
21、. Ais o , the de s i gn e 1 em e nts m u st me e t th e n e eds o f t he mode r n fami 1 y. a Envi r onmen tai c o nc e r ns h a ve had a n enormous i mpact on kitchen design. Thi s concer n i n clu d es re c ycli n g of h ou s e hold ma t e ri a 1, a s wel 1 a s ene r gy e f f icient a p p li a nce
22、s a nd the purity of both water and air. R e sea r ch s h ow $ th a t u p to 85 per c ent of the p o pulat i o n i s co n cerned a b out w h at might b e in their dr i n k i ng water. They a re a Iso often dissatisfied w i th t he tas t e a n d odor of wha t comes o ut o f their t ap. This i s wh y
23、its impor t a n t t o consider a ddi n g a water f i Iter sy s tem.T he c har a c ter of today*sk i tcheni sveryd i f ferent f r om the wayi t was t hi r t y ye ars ag o.There* sm o r e soph i s t ication in foodpreparati o n , a nd more t e c h nolog i cal he 1 p wi t h cooki n g and clean-up. 4 W
24、h en cho o sing cabinet s , f i rst co n s i d e r the s tyle. Use t h e ar c hi t ec t ural s ty 1 e ofyou r house asa guide.Becauseca b i nets a re ab ig in v est ment, i t is bestto cho ose qua 1i t y .Popukir s ty 1 e sin ki t c h en c a bine t s ar e framed panel d o or s with rai s e d or rece
25、s s cd p a nels of woo d , ca b in e t f r o nts w ith glass panes, or s i mple slab d o ors i n a rich p ainte d or lamin a t e d f i nis h . Cabine t pulls, d ont be afr a id t o mi x and match sty 1 e s. a Bec a use many of today s kitche ns cons i s t of two of more co o k s sharing in themealpr
26、eparat i on, the re is a need for rno r e counter space,c ookto p s and sinks. A1 tho ugh 1 i fes t y 1e s are ch anging,t h e p rimary funct i o n of the ki tchen as an area fo rprep aringfood ha s remai n e d un c ha n g e d.The sinkrema i ns o ne of themost used are a si n the k itchen as we 1 1
27、as a n i mportant do c o rat i v estat e ment.a Ap p 1 ian c c techn o 1 o g y ismo v in ga t a very f ast pace. C h oo s i n g wh a t ty p e of app 1 i an c e s as well as how man y will dep end o n sev e ral fac t ors such as h ow often and how much yo u cook and th e size of your k i tch e n. D o
28、 n t 1 imi t yourse 1 f to one of e a ch k i nd of a p pli a n ce. You can hav e a refr i gerat o r i n one p 1 a ce a nd a freezer i n a separ ate area o r two s ets of cooktop s , o n e on t h e c o u nter next to th e wa 1 1 o v en a nd o ne o n an is 1 and. You ca n e v en ha v e two dishwashers
29、 if s ize a nd budgetrequ i re and p e rm itthin k of it as saving t i me in t he 1 o ng runb e autiful and prac t ib e autiful and prac t i1. A we 1 1- d esigne d kitchen s h ould b e mod e r n , c a 1 at the same time.2. Being h armle s s t o the eA. Right B. Wron g C. Not m e n t i onecU n vironm
30、ent is thetop priority i n kite h en design, a A. R i ghtWrong C. Not men t i onecU 3. Qua 1 i t y ma t ter s the most when you are choosi n g k itche n cab i nets.A. Righ t B. Wro n g C. Not mentioned4. Mo r e c o u n t er s p ace, co o kto p s and sink are needed in todays kiteh ensh ensb e cause
31、f o od pre p aration is more comp 1i c a te d t h an i t used t obe.A.R i gh t B.Wro n g C.Not menti o ncdA5. Th e des ign o f t h e sink isi cativei t c hen des ign er s intelligence A.Ri g htB.Wr o n gC.Notmentio n ed6. Meansof s avi ng1 a bor, appl iances should be r epl a c ed whe n eve rnew m o
32、 delsc ome out aA. Ri g h t B. Wrong C. Not men t i one d7. It is the amountdecides h ow man y a ppof time you c an spe n d in t he kit c h e n that1 ianc e s o f the same k i nd you s h ould buyA. Righ t B. Wrong C. Not menti one d1. A2. C3.A4.B5. A6. C7. BThre e attit u de s t o 1 i fcA _1_. Y o u
33、 may a pproac h 1 i fe wi t h the p h il o s o phy of the veg e t ab 1 e, in wh i ch c as e your life wi 1 1 consis t in being born, e a tin g , d r i n kin g , sleeping matin g ,grow in g old, a nd d y i n g. a_2. A g r eat many s o-cal led s u cce s sful men and women bel i eve that life is a bus
34、i n es s , an d t h ey arrang e thei r c o nduct and b e havio r a ccord i n g 1 y. I f yo u believe t h at life is a busin ess yo u r f i rst qu e s t ion o f 1 ife, n aturally, i s “w h at do I get ou t of it?” 3. Th e grea t majority of human b e ings todaylook at life a s if it were a bus i ness
35、.4_. aTh e t h ird attitude towa rd life is the appr o ach of the artist. Here t h e ba s i c phi losoph y i s “wha t can I put int o it? , and the b a s ic rel a tion of the individual to h is f o 11 ow-men is one o f c oope r a t i on and commo n s e ns e . _ 5 _. The mo r e we investigate and the
36、 mo r e w e 1 e arn a b o ut livin g the more we becom e c o n vi n ced that t he ar t i s t i c atti t u d e is the only on e wh i ch is c on s iste n t with h u man happiness.A. I n a woid b a seel on this attitu d e, hap p iness becom e s a matter o f s ucc ess ful competiti o n.B. A s a huma n b
37、eing you have the choic e o f three ba s ic att i tudes to w a r ds life， C. Th e ir basic ph i 1 o so p hy is o ne o f compe t i t i on and efficiency) D. The second basic atti tude is t o loo k at life as if i t w e re a bu s iness. E . Thi spoint of v iew has been pro v e d by his t o ry; for h i
38、 story r e mem b e r s best t h ose who hav e c on t r i Bute d most rich 1 y t o th e i n terests o f th e ir fol 1 o w-nie n . a F. Is a pro per at t i t u d e o f 1 i f e sur e to b r ing a b o ut a hap py life?IB 2D 3A 4C 5ETeamwork in Tour i sim Grow i ng c oo p e ra t i on among bran ches of t
39、ourism ha s proved v a lua b 1 e to a 11 cone e r n ed. Gov e r n m e n t bu r ea u s, t r ad e a nd t r a vel ass o ciations, c a r r ie r s and p ro p e r t i e s are al 1 work i n g together to bring about o pt i mum con d itio n s for trav e le r s . a T r a vel operators, specialistsin t he fie
40、 1 d of planning, s p onsor extens i ve r e s e a rch progr a ms. They hav e kn o wledge of a 1 1 areasa nd a 1 1 car ri e r servi c e s , and the y a re e x perts i n o rganiz i n g di f f erent typ e s o f t o ur s and (1). They d i str i bu t e ma t e rials to agenci es, su chas j our n als, b ro
41、ch u re s and a dve r tis i n g p r o j ects. They o f f er fami 1 i ariza t ion and wo r ksh o p t our s (2).Tou r i st c o u nselors g i ve valuable s eminars t o acquaint agents with new prog r a ms and techn i q ue s i n sei 1 ing. I n thi s way a g ents lea r n _ (3 )and t o suggest diff e rent
42、 mode s an d c omb i na t ions of trave1 - pl a n e s; shi p s, tr a i ns, motorcoaches, c a r -r e n t als, a nd e v e n ca r pure h ases.Pro p e r ties an d a g encies work clos e ly tog e t her to make t he most suitable co n t r acts, consi d e r ing b o th the c o mfort o f th e clients a nd t
43、he i r own p r of ita b le fin a n c ial a r r a n g eme n t. A g encies rely upo n the good s erv i ce s of hot els, an d , con v er s e 1 y, (4), to fulfi 11th eir c o n t ract s and to s end them cl i ents.Th e s a me confidence e x i s t s bet ween agen c ies and c a r r i er s , (5). Ca r riers
44、 are depe n den t upon agenc i es to sup p ly p a s s e n g ers, a nd agencies a re d e pendent up o n carriers t o prese n t them wi t h marke t a bl e tour s . All serv i ce s must wor k t o g e t h er for greater efficie n c y, f air pr i cing and co ntente d customers.A i nc 1 u d ing c a r-r e
45、ntal and s i ght- s ee i ng service s . a B so th a t in a s ho r t tim e agen t s can obtain first- hand knowlcdg e of the tou r s.C in pre p ar i ng effective ad v e rtisi n g campaign。Das a result tour i sm is f 1 ouring in all countries E h o tels r el y upo n ag e n cie sF to explain desti n a
46、t i o ns标准答案：C, B,F,E,A、 u tion to ea r 1 y soc i al ism. This is r egre t t able o n two coun t s. B y1832 f e mi n i sm wa s the cent r al c o ncernof Sa int- S imo n i a ni s mand e ntirely abso r bed its adherents , energ y ;he nee, by ignori n g its femi n i sm, E uro p e a n histor i ans h av
47、e mi s u nd e rstood Saint-Simonian i sm.Moreov e r , s i nee many f emini s t i d ea s c anbe t ra c edt o saint-sim oniani s m Europea n hi s tor i a n s* a p preci at ion o flate rfem ini s in inFranc e and theUn i tedStatesremai n e d limit ed. a Saint-Sim ons folowers, m a ny of whomwe r ewome
48、n , ba s ed thei r f em i nism o n an inte r p r e tat i ono f hispr o j ect t o re o rgani ze th e g lobe b yrepla c i ng b ru t eforce with th erule o f spiritualpowers. The n ew wor 1d ord er would b e ruledtogether by a male,t o r e p r esent r ef 1 ection, and a fema 1e, tore p r e se n t se n
49、ti ment . This comp 1 cmontar i t yreflects the fact that, w h i 1 e t he Sa i n t -Si mon i ans did not rej e ct the b e lief thatt he re were in n ate diffe re n ces bet we e n men and women, they neverth elessforesaw a n eq u allyi m p ortant s o cial and poli t i c a 1 role for both s e xes in their ut o p i a.Onl y a few S a i nt-Simonians