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1、专题六阅读七选五解题策 略步骤1速读全文，提炼主题快速浏览文章，重点关注要点词句，包括首尾段、首尾句、独立成段的句子和文中带衔接词的句子等，大 致了解文章主题，并简要把握文章布局。特别注意段落间的关系。步骤2边读边做，确定选项(1)从意思上判断明确各选项的大意，抓牢各句的关键词和复现词。边读边做题，重点阅读各个空格前后的句子，圈定线索 词，推断5个设空处应填句子的意思。然后从选项中寻找匹配的答案。(2)从词汇上锁定衔接词汇衔接词汇可以反映上下文关系。常见的有：表并列的and, or, on one hand.on the other hand等；表转折的 though, instead, ot
2、herwise, nevertheless, however 等； 表递进的 besides, moreover 等； 表因果的 therefore, so等。代词代词用于指代前面提及的名词或形容词。做题时，可通过代词在句中所作的成分和代词的单复数推断出它 指代的成分，巧妙利用这样的指代关系准确而快速地从选项中找到答案。疑问词如果选项中或设空处前出现疑问词，一定要认真研读，因为针对不同疑问词的回答方式是不一样的。比如 对why的回答，般要有because等表7K原因的词；对when的回答，般要石表示时间的词；对where的回答，一般要有表示地点的词；对how的回答，一般要有表示方式或程度的词等
3、。复现词英语文章中前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，因此在解题时， 要格外留意某一词语可能以不同的词性、数、格、时态等形式复现，如read, reading, reader, readers等， 这是解题时一个很好的判断依据。步骤3通读复检，确定排除将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点检查逻辑关系。研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终敲定答案。通读全文, 把握主题重点关注文章标题、主题句、首尾段 L段落标题、首尾句主题句过渡句段落标题 段落主题句 段落内部过渡旬 段落之间过渡句r设题类型一段中一阅读后文,抓住线索信号词，确定并列、递进、转折、因果等关系七选五题型
4、攻略推断句L段尾一阅读前文，锁定高频词或线索信号词,注意与下一段开头的衔接关系边读边做, 分类突破衔接词L核心方法一巧抓线索信号同代词- 表并列 and; or; for one thing.for another- 我递进 besides; whats more; in addition; moreover- 表转折 but; instead; otherwise; howeverL 表因果 therefore; thus; as a result; in consequence_通过代词在句中所作的成分和它的单复数形式推断它指代 f的成分来确定答案意义相关词原词第现、同义词、近义词、反义词
5、、同根词疑问词why; where; how思维导图代入答案，复读验证将所选答案代入文中,重点检查逻辑关系，看有无明显的逻辑冲突模式1|设空在段直考查要3八、(1)小标题或段落主题句：如章首或段首设空，一般考查文章或段落主题。(2)注释小标题：如在小标题之后接着设空， 般是对小标题加以注释。(3)段落间的过渡句：如首段之后的段首设空，一般是考查承上启下的过渡语句。1 .小标题、副标题 17Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color.Others
6、 are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers （月巴others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.A. Know why you ga
7、rden思路分析由该空所在位置可知这是一个小标题。由其后内容“有些人可能认为花园，有些人关心。 然而，还有很多其他原因”可知本段的主题应该是A项“知道你为什么要做园艺工作”。2 .主题句、主要观点75_ For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.G. New brain research suggests our brains w
8、ork differently when we face a nervous situation.思路分析由空格后句子For the risk-seekers .while for the rest of us”对于爱冒险者而对于我们其他人”可断定本段主题为“新的大脑研究表明，当我们面临紧张局势时，我们的大脑工作方式不同工3 .段落过渡语句Everyone knows that fish is good for health.36.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. But it seems that many
9、 people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult.37.It just requires a little knowledge. This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy
10、way.38 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh.39.Do sot buy it. When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you*d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh f
11、ish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.思路分析空格内的句子承上启下，前一段的最后一句说“这篇文章是关于如何轻松地买鱼和烹饪鱼的：下一 段介绍的是买鱼时的注意事项。根据空格后的Fresh fish should smell sweet可判定选F,句意为“买鱼时，你应该先闻 一闻模式2|设空在段中考查要 占 /、(1)段落主题句：有时段落首句只
12、是引语，接下来的语句才是段落主题句。(2)解释、引申、例证类语句：对前面的论点或观点加以解释、引申或例证。(3)建议性语句：作者提出的解决问题的方法、措施或步骤。(4)句子间的过渡语句：为使上下文语意承接、转换自然，作者加入的过渡语句。1 .段落主题句There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices （调 料）.Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot f
13、or 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.（A larger one will take more time.） Then, its ready to serve.B , The easiest is to steam it.思路分析段落首句说“鱼有很多普通做法”并不是主题句，根据空格后面“如何蒸鱼”的介绍可知，空格内的句 子“最简单的（方法）是蒸鱼”才是本段的主题句。2 .解释、引申、例证Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 36 But it seems that many peopl
14、e dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difEcult.37.lt just requires a little knowledge. This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.G.
15、The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.思路分析空格内的句子是对前句的进一步解释，空格前说“人人都知道吃鱼有益健康”，空格内的句子解释原 因是“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病3.方法、措施、步骤Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids f
16、rom misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions._39 “Why do you think shes crying? ”Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face? ” If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel? ”F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.思路分析根据39空
17、后面的几个问题我们很容易判断出，家长可以采取的方法是利用故事书中的人物教育孩 子，引导孩子学会揣摩别人的心思。4.句间过渡语句Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior contributes to or is associated with an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 73 Carefully read or listen to information in o
18、rder to fully understand it.F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.思路分析F项与本段主题句Watch for misleading language.相吻合，句中的also很好地衔接了前一句话，同时 从意思上也为下文做了很好的过渡。模式3|设空在段末考查要 点(1)结论或概括性语句：如末段的段末设空，一般是对上文或全文总结概括，得出结论。(2)段落间的过渡句：如非末段的段末设空，一般是考查承上启下的过渡语句。(3)补充性语句
19、：如末段的段末设空，可能是进一步补充前文内容，也可能是作者发出的倡议。L结论性语句Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. 75G. Therefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.思路分析G项中to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby很好地解决
20、了上句中提到的问题，从Therefore可 知应为结论句。2.段落过渡语句Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant informa
21、tion, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether
22、it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.72.And examine the findings of the original research.G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.思路分析第一段简要提出我们要学会分析来自各种渠道的健康信息，下文接着就如何对这些信息进行分类整 理给予一些建议，空格内的句子起承上启下的作用。3.补充性语句
23、So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200, 000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed.A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types.As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe you love car ra
24、cing, or maybe you hate it. 73A. It all depends on your character.思路分析空格前的句子“所以，可能你热爱赛车，或者可能你讨厌它”可以为本段画上句号，但是加上空格内 的句子“这都取决于你的性格会更清晰明了，它是对前句的适当的补充。AHow to Avoid an Internet AddictionWhile it may seem like everyone surfs the web these days, there is a fine line between casually checking your social m
25、edia pages and having a full-blown Internet addiction.If you fear that you may lose interest in other aspects of your life because you prefer to be on the Internet, you may be on your way to an Internet addiction. 1Admit you are at risk of an addiction.More and more people in the world are becoming
26、addicted to the Internet.You are not the only one with this problem, and it is becoming more and more common and more and more well-known. 2Set aside limited time for computer use.Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week.If you have a laptop, make sure to put it somewhere that you can remem
27、ber but not somewhere that you see every day.Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it. 3 If you have a desktop PC, try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet.Call people instead of sending instant messages or texts.If you are free on weekends, call friends and ask them t
28、o go outside.This will distract you from the computer. 4Use an alarm clock or timer.Before using your computer, decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes.Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up. Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop. 5A.
29、 Make a small list of what you want to do within that time.B. When the computer is not looking at you, you are less likely to use it.C. This can be programmed to shut down your computer after the set time.D. Luckily, there are ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer.E. This will stop
30、 you from using the Internet so often or going on to another page.F. If you have a problem on weekdays, phone your friends or ask for help in person.G. Do not be embarrassed； find others with the same problem and help each other beat it.网瘾会给人们的生活带来很大的影响，本文就如何避免网瘾提出了建议。1. D 上文谈到网瘾会导致你对生活的其他方面失去兴趣，下文的
31、几条建议则是有关如何避免网瘾的，D项对 全文起着承上启下的作用。2. G 本段的主旨是“Admit you are at risk of an addiction.，再结合本段讲述的“越来越多的人有网瘾，这是一 个普遍现象”可知，选G项“不要觉得不好意思，找到和你一样有网瘾的人，互相帮助去战胜网瘾3. B 根据空前的“Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.”可知，作者建议你不用电脑时，把它合上, 故选B项“看不到电脑时，你用它的可能性就小4. F 本段的主题是“给朋友打电话而不是在网上发信息”，上文的call friends
32、and ask them to go outside”与F 项中的“phone your friends or ask for help in person”，还有上文的“on weekends”与 F 项中的“on weekdays”前后呼应。5. C 本段的主题是“Use an alarm clock or timer.”,作者建议使用闹钟或定时器来限制上网的时间，空前的 shutdown timer”与 C 项中的“shut down your computer after the set time”相对应。B（2016 石家庄市调研检测）Learning to set goals pl
33、ays an important role as your child starts to gain independence.However, setting goals doesnt come naturally to your child, so helping him to learn the process should probably be one of your goals.Explain the word goal”. Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer, but he may not unde
34、rstand what it means in everyday life. 6Listen to your child.Ideally, you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are. 7 Let him talk about what he thinks he does well and what he thinks he needs to improve.If hes stuck, you can provide some examples of your own personal goal
35、s.Help keep goals achievable.Don!t throw cold water on your child. 8 For example, if your child wants to be a champion swimmer, but cant swim an entire lap of the pool yet, you can suggest he start by making that his first goal.9 Help your child write down his goals in an easy-to-follow form.Being a
36、ble to see and check off the steps on the way to his goal is key in keeping him motivated.A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper, writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs （梯级）. 10A. Change goals every so often.B Make a visual goal remin
37、der.C. Dont always tell him what you think.D. Hes climbing to the top as he gets closer to his goal.E. You can take sports as an example to help explain it to him.F. Once he has set up a goal, he may find it very difficult to achieve it.G. When a goal is beyond his reach, help him break it down into
38、 smaller pieces.本文主要介绍了如何帮助孩子设定自己的目标，从而使他们学会独立。6. E 根据空前的Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer”可知，你可以通过拿运动做例子来 帮助孩子明白目标的概念，所以选E项。7. C 根据本段主题句Listen to your child.和空前的Ideally, you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are.可知，你不要总是告诉孩子你的想法，要让孩子自己去决定他的目标，所
39、以选C项。8. G 根据本段主题句“Help keep goals achievable.”和空后所举的例子可推知，父母在孩子的目标太大不能实现 的情况下，可以帮助其分解目标从而逐步实现目标，所以选G项。9. B 根据空后的Help your child write down his goals in an easy-to-follow form.”可知，确定目标之后,要让孩 子把目标写下来，便于提醒和及时查看，所以选B项。10. D 甘艮据空前的“A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of pap
40、er, writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs（梯级）.“可知，爬向顶端就意味着离目标更近了，所以选D项。ASecret codes（密码）keep messages private.Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for
41、thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags（落后）far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”3
42、 You might represent each letter with a number, for example.Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26.1f we substitute a number for each letter, the message Meet me“ would read ”13 5 5 20 13 5A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences.To read the message of a r
43、eal code, you must have a code book. 4 For example, bridge” might stand for meet and out might stand fbr me. The message Bridge out” would actually mean Meet me. 5 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code with
44、out the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With a code bo
45、ok, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.本文是一篇说明文。人们用密码来传递信息已有几千年历史。设置密码与破解密码的斗争也是永久不变的话题。1. D 句间过渡性语句。空格前一句说“人们使用密码已有几千年了“，空格后又说“破解密码从不远远落后于 设置密码”，由此语境可知选D项“只要有过的密码，人们就试图破解2. E 前句
46、说有三种密码，空格内应是介绍第一种。由该空的后一句可知，此空选E（你可以拼写每个单词的首 字母来隐藏信息）。3. G 段落主题句，也是段间过渡性语句。前一段作者说有三种主要类型的密码学并介绍了第一种，根据逻辑 关系可推知，本段应介绍第二种。4. F 句间过渡性语句。通过对前面的进一步解释和后面的例证得出正确答案。空格前说“要读取真正代码的 信息，你必须要有一个密码本“，由a code book可锁定F项中的With a code book。F项“有了密码本，你可以写下代 表其他单词的单词”符合上下文语境。5. A 分析语境可知，该空仍然在谈论密码本的事情，由此可锁定A项“没有密码本很难破解密码
47、”，这与后一 句“但是，长期保持密码本的秘密也很难”语意衔接紧密，可确定为答案。BHappiness is the only true measure of personal success.Making other people happy is the highest expression of success. 6 With that in mind, here are some suggestions that will immediately increase the amount of happiness in your life：7If theres any big truth
48、about life, its that it usually lives up to your expectations.Therefore, when you rise from bed, make your first thought： Something wonderful is going to happen today. Guess what? Youre probably right.Take time to plan and prioritize（优先处理）.The most common source of stress is the thought that you*ve got too much work to do.Rather than worry about it, pick one thing that will move you closer to your highest goal and p