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1、专题04 第二讲七选五实战方法技巧（阅读理解题型突破）命题人常采用段首、段中和段尾三种设空方式。句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。考生应当利 用挖空位置的暗示作用和设空处上下文的提示，进行逻辑分析解题。解题策略技巧一：根据设空位置解题技巧二：根据词汇线索解题技巧三：根据逻辑关系解题一设空位置找线索二段首句解题技巧设空在段首段落标题选项应和其他小标题形式相同。般短小精悍，多为名词词组、动名词短语或 祈使句设空在段中段落主题在段首设空，一般考查文章或者段落的主题，多观察段落的后续内容设空在段尾段落过渡如果是各段之中的段首设空，一般考查其承上启下的过渡语句技巧一段落标题句（形式一致）1 .观察
2、其他段落标题的句式结构2 .根据段落标题结构相同的原则，划定选择范围3 .标题特征一般简短精炼，多为名词词组、动名词短语或祈使句技巧二段落主题句1.根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断主题句The benefits of outdoor play are fairly well-understood by parents.16. As a mother to three energeticchildren who spend considerable amounts of time outdoors, I have figured out some good ways to ma
3、ximize outdoor playtime. Id like to share some of my advice with readers who might be struggling with this.17. If you start viewing daily outdoor play as being as important as a meal or a good nights sleep, youll start to find more time fbr it. Think of it as nonnegotiable; no extra things should ha
4、ppen until outdoor playtime has been checked off (he list.Replace organized activities with unorganized ones. Instead of packing your after-school calendar with sports training and interest classcss, cancel those for at least several times a week and just tell your kids they can play outside instead
5、.18.Mandate (强制规定)outdoor family time on weekends. My family goes cross-country skiing every single Saturday morning in winter.19, even when the temperature drops to -20. This time is fiercely protectedbecause of the benefits it has for all of us-exercise, fresh air, satisfaction and family bonding.
6、Go outdoors with your kids. If you go outside, younger ones in particular will want to be there, too. Make i( fun by lighting a campfire in (he backyard or setting up a camp stove to make hot chocolate. Or you can have a picnic or work in a garden together.20; you can be present without being engage
7、d.A. We never skip i(Start thinking of it as a necessityWe adjust the skiing routine accordinglyList special activities fbr outdoor playtimeB. These unexpected arrangements will surely excite your kidsYou can even just sit and read a book while your kids play nearbyHowever, its hard fbr many parents
8、 to fit outdoor playtime into their kids days答案1.【广东省4地5校2022-2023学年高三试题】【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. A 20. C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主题语境是人与社会。文章从一个方面阐释了好的社会关系让我们健康快乐。 第一，社会关系让我们更快乐、身体更好。第二，良好的社会关系才能产生益处。笫三，良好的社会关系 不仅保护身体，还能保护大脑。所以，我们应该考虑一个问题：我们应该把时间和精力投资在何处？16 .根据第二段的“The first is that social connections arc rea
9、lly good for us（第社会关系对我们真的很好）”， 第三段“So the second big lesson that we learned is that its not just the number of friends you have, and its not whether or not youre in a committed relationship, but its the quality of your close relationships that matters（因此， 我们学到的第二个重要事情是，重要的不仅仅是你有多少朋友，也不是你是否处于一段忠诚的关系
10、中，而 是你亲密关系的质量）”，第四段的“And the third big lesson that we learned about relationships is that good relationships dont just protect our bodies, they protect our brains （我们从人际关系中学到的第三个重要事情是， 良好的人际关系不仅能保护我们的身体，还能保护我们的大脑）“可知，下文要从三个方面来阐释社会关系。 B选项中“three big lessons”与之相对应，故选B项。17 .根据上文“It turns out that peopl
11、e who arc more socially connected to others arc happier （事实证明，与他人 社会关系更密切的人更幸福）和后文“On the contrary, the experience of loneliness turns out to be harmful （相 反，孤独的经历是有害的）”可知，前后内容相反，该空处应该进一步说明，有更多社会联系的好处。故选 D项。18 . 根据后句“High-conflict maniages, for example, without much love, turn out to be very bad for
12、 our health （例如，没有太多爱的高冲突婚姻对我们的健康非常不利）”可知，在举例子说明，生活中的冲突对我们的 健康不好，E 选项“living in （he con Aid is really bad fbr our health”与之相符，故选 E 项。19 .根据上文“It turns out that being in a securely attached relationship is protective （处在安稳的关系中对人是 有保护作用的）和Many people arc in relationships where they can get help from t
13、he other persons in times of need （许多人处于一种关系中，他们可以在需要时从其他人那里获得帮助）可知，A选项的“These people” 就是代指上文的“many people, A 选项的“memories stay sharper and longer”又和本段的“that good relationships dont just protect our bodies, they protect our brains中的protect our brains”相呼应。故选 A 项。20 .根据该空的前一句话“So, good and close relat
14、ionships are good for our health and well-being （因此，良好 而亲密的关系有利于我们的健康和幸福）”可知，C项是对上一句话的总结和深化。C选项中的“good relationships”与之相对应，故选C项。2.12023届黑湘鄂名校联盟高三联考英语试题】【答案】16. A 17. G 18. E 19. F 20. B【导语】这是篇记叙文。作者的奶奶非常喜欢读书，同时又很节省，因此奶奶参与了“读书传递”的活动。 作者也会在奶奶没有书读的时候买给她。16. 根据上文“My Grandma is 95 years old and still liv
15、es independently and happily at home. She has looked after her body her whole life, never drank or smoked a day in her life.（我的奶奶已经 95 岁了，仍然在家里独立地快乐 地生活着。她一辈子很爱惜自己的身体,从来不吸烟喝酒）”以及下文“She appreciates the little things in life like having cups of lea while sitting in her chair. But what she really loves
16、 to do is READ!（她喜欢生活中的小事,比 如坐在椅子上喝茶。但她真正喜欢的是阅读！户可知，第一段在介绍奶奶是什么样的人，第二段在介绍奶奶 的爱好。又根据最后一段Ive learnt so much from her. It feels so great just to be able to do something to be kind and to make someone else smile. She tells me she would be lost without me but the truth is I would be so lost without her.（
17、我从她身上学到了很多。能做点善事，让别人微笑，感觉真好。她告诉我没有找她会迷失方向， 但事实是没有她我会迷失方向。）“可知，作者很尊敬奶奶，奶奶对她来说非常重要。因为此空在第一段，应 该起到总结全文，承上启下的作用。A项“我因为许多不同的小事尊敬她”符合上下文。故选A项。17. 根据上文上又what she really loves to do is READ!（但她真正爱的是读书!户以及下文“Bless her heart!（天 哪！）可知，此空在强调我奶奶有多爱读书。G项“我记得当没有书读的时候，她就读电话本”符合上下文语 境。故选G项。18. 根据上文“I also bring my t
18、hree kids. They runaround the home all day and bounce their balls in her driveway. （我还带了三个孩子。他们整天在家里跑来跑去，在她的车道上玩球）”以及下文“Laughing her head off, she is always laughing. 1 race around doing all kinds of housework.（她总是笑得前仰后合。我跑来跑去做各种家务）” 可知，我带孩子在奶奶家跑来跑去，奶奶非常开心，并笑得前仰后合。因此此空应表达出奶奶高兴的状态。 E项“奶奶说，每到周六，房子就恢复了
19、生机”符合上下文。故选E项根据上文“Every month Grandma gets a delivery from the Library which she looks forward to very much, two big containers full of books.（奶奶每个月都会从图书馆两收到个装满书的大箱子，这是她非常期待的）”以及下 文“She can pass my books onto her friend who then passes them onto her friend.（她可以把我的书传给她的朋友， 然后她们再把书传给她们的朋友户可知，此空应和“我的书”
20、有关。F项“但她读得太多了，我也带我的书给她 读。”符合上文，虽然很期待图书馆的书，但书还是不够，需要我给她带。故选F项。19. 根据上文“There have been a few times I purchased a couple of books when I didnt receive any books from others and told Grandma they were given to me when I knew she needed books.（有几次,当没有收到别人的书 时，我买了几本书，然后当我知道奶奶需要书时，我告诉她，这些书是别人送我的）以及下文“You
21、see, Grandma respected money her whole life and she too raised three children alone, like me.（你知道,奶奶一生都很 尊重钱，她也像我一样独自抚养了三个孩子）“可知，奶奶是一个很节省的人，我为了不让她知道书是我花钱 买的，而说是别人送我的，此空应填奶奶收到“我送的书的反应。B项“此外，她的微笑使这一切都值得。” 符合上下文。故选B项。3.1陕西省西安市一中2022-2023学年高三质量检测英语试题】【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D ）9. G 20. E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述购物
22、疗法并怎样避免购物疗法的副作用。16. 由上文“In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered.（事实上，通过确保血压降低，购物减压实际上可以帮助你过上更健康的生活。）” 可知，购物可帮助人们过上更健康的生活，而 B 项 Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating st
23、ress（购物缓解压力也被称为零售疗法，作为调节压力的一种形式）符合文意，其中relieve stress 与上文reduce stress对应，also也表示对上文内容的进一步说明。故选B项。17. 由后文“Whether youre purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries, having the items you need written down will provide you with clarity and order while youre shopping. Reward yourself fbr sticking
24、to your list and youll be more likely to commit to it: buy a cup of coffee while shopping or plan a fun activity for when you return home.（无论你是购买圣诞礼物还是购买杂货，写下你需要的物品都会让你在购物时清晰有序。奖励自己坚持 你的清单，你将更有可能做到这一点：购物时买一杯咖啡，或者回家后计划一项有趣的活动。）”可知，本段 主要讲在购物前应例举出要购物品的清单，而A项Prepare a list prior to shopping（购物前准备一份清单）符合
25、 文意，对后文有总括作用，其中a list也与下文your list对应。故选A项。18. 由后文“Do you spend too much money at the mall? Eating out? Vacations? Make a list of where your money is going and lake necessary steps to avoid temptations. For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on the weekends, stock your cupboard with g
26、roceries on Friday so youll be more likely to stay in and cook.（你在购物 中心花了太多钱吗？在外面吃饭？度假？列出你的钱去向，并采取必要措施避免诱惑。例如，如果你在周 末外出就餐时花费了太多的钱，那么在周五在你的橱柜里存放食品杂货，这样你就更有可能呆在家里做饭 可.知，本段主要讲找到让你花钱很多的方面，并想办法避免。rfa D J Think about what you struggle with most financially（想想你在经济上最困难的是什么）符合语境，对后文有总括作用，其中Think about what和后
27、文几 个问句对应，且 struggle with most financially 与下文 spend too much money 对应。故选 D 项。19. 由上文“Give up the need to keep up with your neighbors, co-workers, and friends.（放弃与邻居、同事和朋友 保持致花费的需要。广可知，作者这里讲在花钱方面不要和你身边的人比较。而G项Everyones financial situation is different（每个人的财务状况都不同）符合语境，本句对上一句论点提供了一种解释，有承上作用。 故选G项。20.
28、由上文“ils dependent upon a variety of factors, least of all being ones self worth, Comparison leads to debt and dissalisfaclion with what you already have.（它取决于各种因素，尤其是是一个人的自我价值。比较会导致 债务和对你现有的不满。）”可知，这里在讲和别人比较的坏处，而E项Appreciate what you currently have by practicing gratitude（通过练习感恩来感激你目前所拥有的）符合文意，本句讲了一
29、种正确的价值观,与上文self worth对应。故选E项。4.【辽宁省丹东市20222023学年高三测试】【答案】31. A 32. G 33. D 34. B 35. F【导语】本文是篇说明文，主要讲的是如何对抗肥胖。31 .空前 说“But changes that include healthy eating habits, regular exercise and other lifestyle adjustments can help fight against obesity and result in a belter quality olife.（但是，包括健康的饮食习惯、规律
30、的锻炼和其他生活方 式的调整可以帮助对抗肥胖，从而获得更好的生活质量。户以及下文的各个小标题是建议可知，接下来要讲 如何对抗肥胖，A选项“Heres how to get started（下面是如何开始）”引出了下文的几条建议，因此A选项引起 下文，符合语境，故选A。32 .本段小标题是Talk to your doctor（和你的医生谈谈）”,G 选项“Bcfbrc starting losing weight, youd better discuss your situations with a physician（在开始减肥之前，你最好和医生讨论一下你的情况）”说明了要和医生 谈谈，和小
31、标题内容吻合，因此G选项引起下文，符合语境，故选G。33 . 空后说youll want to set smaller goals along the way to keep you motivated and working toward your final goal weight（你会想要在这个过程中设定一个小的目标，以保持你的动力，并朝着你的最终目标体重努力）”， 说明减肥所需的时间比较长，D选项“Because losing weight when you have obesity is a marathon（因为当你肥胖 的时候减肥是一场马拉松厂说明了减肥需要很长的时间，因此才需要
32、设定目标后去努力朝目标进发，因此D 选项引起下文，符合语境，故选D。34 .空格处是本段的小标题，根据空格下方的“Avoid packaged foods, fbr they have been linked to weight gain. Have meals made at home with fresh and whole foods.（避免包装食品，因为它们与体重增加有关。在家里用新 鲜和天然的食物做饭。）“可知，要调整你的饮食，B选项“Adjust your diet for weight loss（为减肥调整你的饮 食）”概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选B。35 .空前说“Adu
33、lts should do at least 110 minutes a week of moderate-intensity cardio （有氧运动）,such as walking and biking, or 75 minutes a week of high-intensity cardio like running. Physical activity should be spread out Ihroughtheweek.（成年人每周至少应该做110分钟中等强度的有氧运动，比如散步和骑臼行车，或者每周做 75分钟高强度的有氧运动，比如跑步。体育活动应该在一周中分散进行。）“，空后
34、说“those numbers are something you can work toward. Being patient with yourself is key（这些数字是你可以为之努力的。对自己有耐 心是关键。）“，也就是说不必强求自己一定要立刻达到空前所说的运动量,F选项“If that sounds like a lot, remember that you dont have to get there right away（如果这听起来很多，记住你不需要马上实现目标）“，故选5.【江西稳派名校2022-2023学年高三调研】【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19.
35、E 20. B【导语】这是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能已经或即将被用于那些领域。16 .根据上文“While its true that some jobs will disappear, new ones that involve working specifically with AI will arise.（虽然有些工作确实会消失，但需要专门与人工智能打交道的新工作将会出现）”和下文“Many jobs will become more rewarding as people perform their work alongside AI, solving problems in n
36、ew and exciting ways.（随 着人们与人工智能一起工作，以新的、令人兴奋的方式解决问题，许多工作将变得更有I可报）“可知，人工智 能虽然会导致一些工作的消失，但也会让一些工作变对人们来说更有问报。由此可知，最大的改变不是工 作的出现或消失，而是人们可以从新型工作中得到什么。C项The biggest change may be in what we get from work.（最大的变化可能是我们从工作中得到的东西）”符合题意。故选Co.根据小标题“Health care（医疗保健户可知，本段主要介绍人工智能在医疗保健领域的应用。D项“With AI, doctors wi
37、ll be able to better diagnose illnesses.（有了人工智能，医生将能够更好地诊断疾病）”符合本段主旨。 故选D。17 .根据小标题“Service industry（服务行业）“可知，本段主要介绍人工智能在服务行业的应用。A项“We can also have Ai-equipped robot cooks.（我们也可以有配备人工智能的机器人厨师）”符合本段主旨，且与下文 “Robots are already used at some fast-food restaurants.（机器人己经在一些快餐店使用）“承接自然。故选 A。18 . 根据下文“As
38、fbr online security, AI is already in development to intelligently protect consumers online.（至于 网络安全，人工智能已经在开发中，可以智能保护消费者的网络安全）”推知，空处应提及人工智能在“安全” 方面的作用。E 项“A的un robots arc already used as security officers in sonic businesses.（人工智能运行的机器人 己经被用于一些企业的安保人员）“符合文意，与下文承接自然。故选E。19 .根据小标题“Transportation（运输户可
39、知，本段主要介绍人工智能在运输领域的应用。B项“We may also see automated trains and airplanes.（我们还可能看到自动化的火车和飞机）”符合本段主旨。故选B。6.【湖北省九师联盟2022-2023学年高三联考】【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. F【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于父母应该如何增加孩子们的户外活动时间的建议。16 .空前说“The benefits of outdoor play are fairly well-understood by parents/家长们很清楚户外玩耍的好 处。）“，空格后
40、说“As a mother to three energetic children who spend considerable amounts of time outdoors, I have figured out some good ways to maximize outdoor playtime4作为三个精力充沛的孩子的母亲，他们大部分时间 都在户外，我想出了一些好的方法来最大化户外玩耍的时间。户，因此空格处应说上文提到的事情对有的父 母来说很难做到，然后作者才接下来说建议，G选项“However, its hard for many parents to fit outdoor p
41、laytime into their kids，days（然而，许多家长很难在孩子的日子里安排户外玩耍时间）”说明了有的家长会觉得安排户 外玩耍时间很难，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。17 .空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的内容“If you start viewing daily outdoor play as being as important as a meal or a good nights sleep, youll start to find more time fbr it.（如果你开始把每天的户外活动看成和顿饭或 一晚好的睡眠一样重要，你就会开始找到更多的时间来进行户外活动。
42、）“，因此本段主要讲的是要把户外活 动看作是必需的，B选项“Start thinking of it as a necessity（开始把它当作一种必需品）”说明了要把户外活动看 作是必需的，可以概括本段内容，可作为主题句，故选B。18 .空前说“Instead of packing your after-school calendar with sports training and interest classess, cancel （hose fbr at least several times a week and just tell your kids （hey can play o
43、utside instead.（与其把你的课余时间安排在运 动训练和兴趣课上，不如每周至少取消几次，告诉你的孩子他们可以去外面玩。广，空格处应对前文所描述 的事情进行评价，E选项“These unexpected arrangements will surely excite your kids（这些意想不到的安排一定 会让你的孩子兴奋不已）“对上文事情进行评价，且其中的“unexpected arrangements”和前面的cancel those for at least several times a week and just tell your kids they can play
44、 outside instead”相呼应，因此 E 选项承接上文， 符合语境，故选E。19 .空格前说“My family goes cross-country skiing every single Saturday morning in winter.（冬天的每个星期六 吊上，我们全家都会去越野滑雪。）“，空格后说“even when the temperature drops to -20C（即使气温降至零下 20/说明作者家里从来没有停止过这个活动，A选项“We never skip it（我们从不跳过它）”说明了作者家里 从来没有停止过这个活动，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。20
45、.空格后说“you can be present without being engaged（你可以在场而不忙任何事情）”，说明空格前应该说 你可以做你自己的事情，孩子们玩儿自己的，F选项“You can even just sit and read a book while your kids play nearby（你甚至可以坐着看书，而你的孩子在附近玩耍）”说明了你可以做你自己的事情，孩子们玩儿自己的，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。真题透视(内容一致)2 .划定线索关键词，从选项中查找这些词或同义词、近义词、关联词3 .将答案代入设空处，与上下文检查看是否内容连贯，符合逻辑技巧三
46、段落过渡句1 .推敲上一段的内容，尤其是上一段末尾的内容2 .检查备选答案在内容和逻辑上是否能够无缝连接两个段落段中句是主题句的展开句。应当特别注意分析空格前后的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意句子之间的衔接, 此时逻辑关系的把握是解答的重要线索。技巧一例证关系前后句中含有为证明另一句而列举的例子，先举例再归纳观点或者先列出观点再举例说明。典型标识词是 for example,for instance.take.as an example 等技巧二递进关系后句对前句是一种顺承关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑递进关系，则空 格处很可能是递进的句子。技巧三转折关系行文中后句对前句有逆转逻辑关系。标识
47、词通常有but,however,nevertheless,(al)though,in fact 等技巧四因果关系前后句子有原因或结果的关系，前因后果或者前果后因。标识词有fonas aresult,as a consequence,consequently.therefore,accordingly 等技巧五顺承关系或并列关系后句是前句的延续或补充,标识词主要有(hen,after that,furthermore,also,when(this happens)等.技巧六对比、对照关系说明前后内容的不同之处,标识词通常有as a contraston the contrary,on the o
48、nehand.on the other hand 等真题透视2022年新高考I卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner/ One reason was: Youn actually show up if you know someone is waiting fbr you at the gym, M while another read:“36” With a workout partner, you will increase your trai
49、ning effort as there is a subtle （微妙）competition.So, how do you find a workout partner?First of all, decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.You might think about