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1、考向14特殊句式与情景交麻，III卜I命题趋势，在高中阶段，特殊句式比拟杂乱掌握起来有一定的难度。对特殊句式的考查主要包括倒装句、强调 句型，其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替 代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点工程。情景交际就是指在一些特定环境种的会用到的一些固定句式或简略性回答。卜I卜考点归纳. 丁 一丫）根据高考对特殊句型的考察，在复习备考中，考生应该：1 .掌握倒装的必备条件及倒装的具体应用。2 .熟知强调句的基本结构及其疑问句句式、特殊疑问句式，注意其与结构相似的主从复合句的区别。3 .掌握省略的一些基本原那么，在行文中正确地使用省略。4 .
2、掌握祈使句、感叹句的基本形式及用法。5 .掌握反意疑问句的构成和用法。考点一 倒装（全部、局部）真题典例J一7（2019天津卷）The professor warned tie students that on no account use mobile phones in hisclass.A. should theyB. they shouldC. dare theyD. they dare【答案】A【解析】考查局部倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account 决不，否认词放在句首，句子使用局部倒装，应该做should do,敢于做daredo
3、,根据句意表示“应该“，故 选Ao2. （2017江苏） not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it【参考答案】B【试题解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if 省略，同时把were/should/had提前,即Were/Should/Had I，应选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持,该 生是无法克服她自己的困难的。【答案】c【解析】考查情景交际。句
4、意一下次你去拜访Bob的时候，记得提前给他打个 。-好主意。我会的。 A. My pleasure我很荣幸,别客气；B. No wonder难怪；C.Good point好主意；D. Never mind没有关系。 根据y will”可知，第二个人对第一个人的提议非常赞同。故c选项符合语境。应选c。9 （2020天津卷）一Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight?-. Til drive her there.A. Have a tryB. Don9t mention itC. Don9t botherD. Go ah
5、ead【答案】C【解析】考查情景交际。句意:-今晚我为莎拉叫一辆出租车去机场好吗？-不用麻烦了。我开车送她去。 A.Haveatry 试一试吧；B. Dont mention it 别客气，不用谢；C. Dont bother 不用麻烦了； D.Goahead 走吧， 干吧。根据will drive her there”可知，第二个人会送莎拉去机场，因此他让第一个人“不用麻烦叫出租车工 应选C。10 （2019江苏卷） 一Lets take a coffee break.一 We* ve been working for hours.A. Why bother?B. What for?C. Y
6、ou got me there.D. You said it.【答案】D【解析】考查情景对话。一句意：我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。一你算说对了。我们已经工作好几个小时了。 下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”，上文应该是赞同这个建议。why bother没有必要；whatfor为什么; You got me there你把我搞糊涂了； You said it你算说对了 ,应选D。11 （2019天津卷）一I guess you want to go play tennis.-. Thats exactly what I was thinking too.A. I didn*t get itB. It
7、s up to youC. You never knowD. You read my mind【答案】D【解析】考查情景交际。句意：我猜你想去打网球。你猜透了我的心思。那就是我正在想着的事 情。从回答的后半句可知，听话人同意说话人的意思。而A （不明白，不认同某人的说法）、B （决于你） 和C （很难说，不可预知）都不符合语境。you read my mind”意为你知我心，符合语境，应选D。12 （2019天津卷-My son got a full scholarship to his dream university!一Wow,! Whafs he going to study?A. go
8、od for himB. go for itC. what a coincidenceD. all the best【答案】A【解析】此题考查情景对话。句意：我的儿子得了他梦想大学的全额奖学金。噢，对他有好处！ 他打算学习什么呢？ good for him“对他有好处”；go for i俨努力争取“；what a coincidence“多么巧合”；all the bes俨祝一切顺利（祝酒告别时说）应选A。【考点归纳】.对于“sorry”的回答：Never mind./Not at all./Forget it. /It doesnt matter./No problem./Thafs OK.
9、/Thats all right.1 .表示抱歉：Pardon me.请原谅我.对于“Thank you”的回答：Youre welcome./Dont mention it./Forget it. Ifs nothing./Its my pleasure./ Thats OK./Thats all right.2 .力口油：Cheer up./Good luck./Come on.3 .表示否认态度的表达：Come on!拜托，不是吧Well,. 嗯（犹豫中）Thanks.4 .疑问句的几种表达So what?那又怎么样？ How come?怎么会这样？ What for?为什么啊？Why
10、bother?何必麻烦啊！ Why not?为什么不啊！What if?如果怎么办？ Whafs up?怎么了？Pardon?请再重复一遍。Could I take your order?我能为您点餐吗？5 . -Sorry, I didnt offer much help.-Thank you all the same./ Thanks anyway.（当第一说话者没有真正犯错，而是客气地说句sorry时,不能 回答“1”里说列的回答）.表示赞同Thafs right.（那是对的）/1 cant agree with you more.=Im with you on that.=I woul
11、dnt say no./All right=OK./By all means./You guess it.（你说对 了 ！） 9.表示否认By no means.（绝不）/ Out of the question.（不可能）/Not likely.（不可能）/10.其他Go ahead.请继续、去吧Hold on.别挂断，等一下My treat.我请客At your service.我听您吩咐。With pleasure.愿意为您效劳。Take it easy./Take your time.（尤指时间）放轻松，别着急。Look out.小心 All depends!/That depends
12、.看情况。Got it!明白了。Ifs up to you.听你的。Not really.完全不知道。Not exactly.我略知一二，不是很了解。Sounds great!听起来真棒！ No kidding!别开玩笑No wonder.难怪 It doesnt hurt to ask.问问也无妨。It counts for nothing.这不算什么。Make sense.有意义，说得通。I hate to say this.我不愿意说，但又不得不说。Its not my cup of tea. A piece of cake,小菜一碟。Tomorrow is another day.明天
13、是崭新的一天。Youve got me there,你可把我难住了。You bet.当然Drop it!别说了，别提了 Believe it or not.无论你相信与否Be my guest. = Help yourself.请自便经典变式练 （基础练、提升练、真题练）基础练单项选择1. We were aware that, the situation will getworse.A.if not dealing with carefullyB.if dealt not carefully withC.if not carefully dealt withD.if not carefull
14、y dealing with2. Only when her the evidence that she had stolen the money.A.the police showed; did she admitB.did the police show; did sheadmitC.did the police show; she admittedD.the police showed; she admitted3. Could it be in the restaurant you had dinner with your partner yesterday you lost your
15、 handbag?A. which; that B. where; that C. that; which D. that; whereOver the years Ive been trying to figure out prevents so many Americans from being as happy as onemight expect.A. what it is thatB. that it is whatC. it is whatD. what is it that4. Father advised me not to say anything until at the
16、meeting.A. askingB. askedC. to askD. askHardly out of the house it began to rain.A. I had got, whenB. had I got, whenC. I have got, asD. have I got, as5. No sooner I finished doing the nucleic acid testing I felt like throwing （北区吐）.How I wish we could go back to the days without COVID-19.A. did, wh
17、enB. had, thanC. had, whenD. did, thanNot only the Dubbing Talent Show held three weeks ago, but also great admiration for thecontestants5 marvellous performance.A. did the students enjoy, the teachers hadB. the students enjoyed, did the teachers haveC. did thestudents enjoy, did the teachers haveD.
18、 the students enjoyed, the teachers had6. Was it in the village we used to live in the accident happened?A. that; where B. which; that C. where; that D. which; whereHe made another wonderful invention,of great importance to science.A. which I think isB. which I think it isC. which I think itD. I thi
19、nk which is7. When to the local cultures, people learn the foreign languages better.A.exposingB.having exposedC.are exposedD. exposedAs my father puts it, Its not your talent but your efforts count.A.whichB.whatC.thatD. whyseems to be a strong competition in China for senior high students to enter c
20、ollege or university.A.ItB.ThereC.WhatD. ThatIm wondering you want me to say fbr the sake of your innocence.A.whatis it that B.what isitC.what it is thatD. it is whatOne thing you cant help but when driving around Australia is the countrys plentiful amounts ofspace.A.noticeB.to noticeC.to benoticed
21、D. being noticedThe doctor threw himself from the horse, as if.A.to be shotB.shootingC.shotD. to be shootingThe team has finally ticked all the right boxes, since every member is and cooperating extremelywell with each other.A. having a frog in their throatB. letting off steamC. pulling their weight
22、D. throwing the baby out with the bathwater8. . 一Do you understand the meaning of the sentence?一Sorry. Would you please explain it again?A. I dont agreeB. I dont knowC. Fm not in the mood fbr itD. I didnt get it9. To resolve the conflict between data and theory, a scientist often has to and approach
23、 the problemfrom different angles.A. bark up the wrong treeB. think outside the boxC. break new groundD. shun the spotlight10. 一 Do you understand the meaning of the sentence?一 Soiry,. Would you please explain it again?A. I didnt get itB. I don9t knowC. Fm not in the mood fbr itD. I dont agree with提
24、升练用单词的适当形式完成句子There(be) usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.11. When deeply(absorb) in work, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.12. It s too noisy to read in the railway station. I would usually look around the shops while(wait) for the train.13. Hardly she beg
25、un to speak when there was a shout from the hall.14. Not until recently(do) they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.15. If you have a job, do(devote) yourself to it and finally you 11 succeed.16. It s not what happens to us that(determine) our livesit s what w
26、e make of what happens.17. It is coffee they always drink in the afternoon.18. It is because I know you like the culture of China I would like to invite you to admire it.19. Hardly(have) we started when the car broke down.20. I heard different stories about him, but strangely, in no sense were they(
27、reflect) in the book.21. Not only(do) we see the picturesque scenery, we also managed to consider Mom s scandals as a kind of fun.22. Successful he is, he is not proud.23. We can achieve almost anything online with access to the Internet (come) some truly life-changing advantages.24. . Diets have ch
28、anged in Chinaand so too its top crop.0真题练1. （2018.天津.高考真题）1. （2018.天津.高考真题）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our housewe saw Lily inthe passenger seat.A.whichB. thatC.whenD. where2.（2014.湖南高考真题）Only when you can find peace in your heartgood relationships with others.A.will you keepB.yo
29、u will keepC you keptD. did you keep3.（2014 .湖南高考真题）Children, whenby their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.A.to be accompaniedB. to accompanyC.accompanyingD. accompanied4.（2014 广西高考真题）the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.A.Not do onlyB.Do not onlyC. Only not doD.
30、 Not only do5.（2013 湖南高考真题）Not onceto Michael that he could oneday become a top student in his class.A.occurred itB. it did occurC.it occurredD. did it occur6.（2013 天津高考真题）It was not until near the end of the lettershe mentioned her own plan.A.thatB.whereC.whyD.when7.（2013 福建高考真题）Anyone, oncepositiv
31、e for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medicaltreatment from our government.B being testedA. to be testedC - testedC - testedD. to test(2013江西高考真题)If to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.A. askedB. to askC. askingD. having asked（2021 山东高考真题）was on the Mid-Autumn Day Lin
32、 Mei gave her mother a newhandbag.A. That; thatB. It; thatC. That; which D. It; which（2012重庆高考真题）It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic Zhengsailed to East AfricaA. whenB. thatC. afterD. since8. （2017全国高考真题）When, the museum will be open to the public next month.A.to complet
33、eB pletesC pletingD pleted9. （2012江西高考真题）Never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.A.had sheB.she hadC.has sheD.she has10. （2013浙江高考真题）There are some health problems that, when in time, can become bigger ones lateron.A. not treatedB. not being treatedC. not to be treatedD. not
34、having been treated11. （2011 全国高考真题）Only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place hed been in lastyear.A. he realizedB. he did realizeC. realized heD. did he realize12. （2014福建高考真题）The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, reaching 30 in summer.A. if notB.if everC. if an
35、yD.if so（2018天津高考真题）What was it brought you two together? Was it your love of music?A. asB.whoC. thatD.which（2010重庆高考真题）At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River, one of the ten largest cities in China.A.Chongqing liesB.lies ChongqingC.does lie ChongqingD.does Chongqing lie13.
36、（2012辽宁高考真题）Not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a holiday abroad.A.had he consideredB.he had consideredC.he consideredD.did he consider14. （2019天津高考真题）The professor warned the students that on no account use mobile phones inhis class.A. should theyB. they shouldC. dare theyD. t
37、hey dare15. （2013福建高考真题）Not until he went through real hardship the love we have for our families isimportant.A. had he realized B. did he realize C. he realized D. he had realized（2021 山东高考真题）一John, Hl have a job interview tomorrow. P m so nervous.-. You are always the best.A. Good ideaB. Take it e
38、asy22. （2021 山东高考真题）一? 一I have a headache.A. Whats wrong with youC. What do you doC. This way, please D. With pleasureB. What do you like bestD. How do you do23. （2011 安徽高考真题）一We got here Tuesday afternoon.Why didnt you call us earlier?A. Good luck!B. You did?C. Ifs no surprise.基础练D. You are welcome
39、参考答案c【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：我们知道，如果不小心处理，情况会变得更糟。此处是状语从句的 省略，分析句子可知，if引导的条件状语从句主语是the situation,和动词短语deal with之间是被动关系， 故完整形式为if it is not carefully dealt with,状语从句主语和后面句子主语一致且从句含有be动词，可将 状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略，应选C项。1. A【解析】考查倒装句。句意：直到警察给她看了证据，她才成认她偷了钱。分析句子可知，该句为。nly 位于句首时，后面接状语或状语从句，主句需要局部倒装。其中，在状语从句中无需倒装。主句局部倒
40、装 中，把助动词did置于主语之前，谓语动词admit放主语之后。应选A项。2. B【解析】考查定语从句及强调句。句意：可能是在你昨天和伴侣共进晚餐的餐厅里，你丧失了手包吗？根 据句意及句子结构可知，第一空考查定语从句，引导词指代先行词restaurant,并在从句中作地点状语，第 一空用where引导；第二空考查强调句，句子结构是it be+被强调局部+who/that,被强调局部是in the restaurant you had dinner with your partner yesterday,弓| 导词应用 thato 应选 B。3. A【解析】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意：多年来，
41、我一直在试图找出是什么阻止了这么多美国人像人们所 期望的那样快乐。分析句子可知，此句为figure out后接宾语从句，从句中动词prevents缺主语，故用连接 代词what引导。因宾语从句中包含一个强调句的疑问句型：特殊疑问词+is/wasitthat+其它，又因宾语从 句用陈述语序，故is/was应置于it之后，综上，应选A。4. B【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：父亲建议我在会上被问到之前不要说话。分析句子可知，句子为“until” 引导的时间状语从句，从句主语和主句主语一致且谓语中含有“be”，此时可以省略从句主语和“be”，省略 之前为“until I was asked at
42、the meeting”,句子主语T和“ask”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故空格处应用“ask”的过 去分词“asked”。应选B项。5. B【解析】考查时态及倒装。句意：我刚走出屋子，天就开始下雨了。hardlywhen刚就,表示 一件事紧接着一件事发生。when引导时间状语从句时，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。hardly置 于句首时，助动词had要放在主句的主语前。应选B。6. B【解析】考查固定句型和时态。句意：刚做完核酸检测，我就想吐。我多么希望我们能回到没有新冠病毒 的日子。表示“一就”句型为no sooner.than.，且no sooner位于句首时,主句应用局部倒装,此处用过
43、去完成时，应将had提前。应选B。7. A【解析】考查倒装句和一般过去时。句意：不仅同学们很享受三周前的配音达人秀，老师们也对选手们的 精彩表现赞不绝口。根据时间状语three weeksag。可知，句子描述的是过去的事件，所以要用一般过去时; not only位于句首时，句子要使用半倒装结构，将助动词did置于主语之前；并列句but also后面不用倒装。 综上，应选A项。8. B【解析】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：事故是在我们过去住的那个村庄发生的吗？根据句子结构，第一 空为which引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the village,先行词在定语从句中作live in的宾语，应用 关
44、系代词which引导；分析句子，全句使用了强调句型“It + is/was +被强调局部+ that +句子其它局部” 的一般疑问句形式，本句强调的是原句中地点状语“in the village where we used to live in”,句子其它局部由 that引出。应选BoA【解析】定语从句中加入插入语。句意：他又做出了一项了不起的创造，我认为这对科学非常重要。因插 入语应位于引导词之后，所以D项不对，B、C两项无法构成正确结构。应选A。9. D【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当接触到当地文化时，人们会更好地学习外语。此处是状语从句的 省略，从句主语和主句主语people一致，和
45、动词expose之间是被动关系，故完整形式为When people are exposed to the local cultures,当状语从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be 动词省略。应选D项。10. C【解析】考查强调句。句意：正如我父亲所说：“重要的不是你的才华，而是你的努力。”分析句子结构可 知，此处为强调句It is/ was +被强调局部+ that+其它局部，被强调局部为not your talent but your effortso 应选C。11. B【解析】考查固定句型。句意：在中国，高中生进入学院或大学的竞争似乎很激烈。分析句子结构可知， 此
46、处需要填入there一词，构成固定句型：There seems/appears to be+主语，翻译为“看起来 ，似乎 ”， 其中的seem和appear作为系动词使用。应选B。12. C【解析】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意：我在想为了你的清白你想让我说什么。wondering后接一个宾语 从句，分析句子结合句意可知，此处应用关系代词what引导从句，宾语从句需要采用陈述语序，A, B两 项为倒装句，应排除，D项缺少宾语从句引导词，应排除。此处宾语从句由关系代词what引导，从句部 分采用了“it isthat+强调局部”的强调句式，还原为：it is what that you want m
47、e to say.（你想让我说的是什 么？ ）o应选C。13. A【解析】考查固定短语。句意：当你开车环游澳大利亚时，你会不由自主地注意到一件事，那就是这个国 家广阔的空间。此处为短语carfthelpbutdosth.,表示“只能做某事，不得不做应选A。14. C【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：医生从马背上跳了下来，好像中弹了。分析句子可知，the doctor 和动词shoot之间是动宾关系，即“被打中”。后半句是as if he was shot。主句的主语和从句主语一致，且 从句谓语动词是be动词，可省略从句的主语和谓语，故填shot, A项to be shot表示“将要被打中 B项 shooting表示主动关系，应选C项。15. C【解析】考查习惯表达。句意：由于每个成员都各司其职，互相配合得非常好，这个团队终于做出了正确 的决定。A. having a frog in their throat 说话困难，声音嘶哑；B. letting off steam 花掉多余精力；C. pulling their weight发挥他们