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1、专题11状语从句概念：指的是在主从复合句中作状语的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由附属连词 引导。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；假设放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。基本分类: L时间状语从句:2 .条件状语从句:When Susan goes to town, she will visit her grandma.If he works hard, he will surely succeed.按 意 义 和 作 用3 .结果状语从句： Waste must be treated so that it does not become a danger to life.4
2、.目的状语从句:5 .原因状语从句:6 .让步状语从句:They worked hard in order that they might succeed.Mary didnt go shopping because I advised her not to.Though we are all different, we need never be separate.7 .比拟状语从句：I was happier than I had ever been in my life.8 .地点状语从句:1 9.方式状语从句:I will go where I am needed.T have cha
3、nged it as you suggest.考点一：让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.注意：although只能用在句首，而though既可以放句首也可以放句末。(2)although(though)不能和but用在同一个句子中。例如：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out. (X)应该说：Though it was rainin
4、g hard, he still went out,或 It was raining hard, but he still went out.考点二：时间状语从句时间状语从句常用 when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as 等连词来引导。It was raining hard when I got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang
5、happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.ril ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.when, while, as三者均可译为“在时候when
6、引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进 行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生；例：He was riding to school when he was hit by a car this morning.当他被一辆小汽车撞到的时候他正 骑车上学。while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时, 主句的动作才发生；例：They were singing while we were dancing.我们在唱歌的时候他们在跳舞。as表示随着短暂动作的发生，另一行为伴随发生。例：She sang as she w
7、alked.她一边走一边唱歌。1）用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边.一边例：The girl sings as she goes to school.2）表示两个同步发生的动作或行为，意思是随着的开展例： As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful.3）表示两个短暂行为或事情几乎同时发生.例：I watched her as she read the book.4）接在名词后面表示某一个年龄段时.例： As a young man, he was active in sports.用while或when填空. Pl
8、ease dont talk so loud others are working.1 .he came in, his mother was cooking.2 .we were at school, we went to the library every day.【答案】1. while 2. When 2. While当主句是|祈使句|或谓语动词是F艇将来时态或情寂祠时,其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一 般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“|主将从珊，(用现在时态表示将 来的动作或状态)【例题】例 l.ril ring you up as soon as I (
9、get) to New York.例 2.I will tell him everything when he(come) back.例 3. He wont believe it until he(see) it with his own eyes.【答案】L get 2. comes 3. seessince: “自从”,重要考点：现在完成时 住句）+ since+ 一般过去时（从句Where have you been since I last saw you?I as well as several colleagues have been in Beijing since 2010.
10、Mr. Green has made quite a few friends since three years ago.It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.一 It is + 一段时间+ since+从句（一般过去时）练习：1. My brother left school in 2005, and since then he in Beijing.A. livesB. livedC. will liveD. has livedGreat changes have taken place since we E-Times. An
11、d the computer is widely used throughout the world.A. enteredB. will enterC. have enteredMy aunt is a writer. She more than ten books since 1980.A. writesB. wroteC. has writtenD. will writeChina has offered much help to Japan since it by the earthquake and tsunami （海啸）.A. hitsB. is hitC. was hitD. w
12、ill be hit5.Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?Yes, since shethe Chinese Society.A. joinedB. has taken part inC. has joinedD. took part in6.一How long has RobertSince 2004.B. become a policemanD. studied in this schoolA. been to BeijingC. joined the art club【答案】ADCCADnotuntil/ till直至!|才till 直
13、到为止until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个 动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。例：I waited until three oclock, but he didnt come.notuntil表示“到为止；直到才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。例J ： The children didnt come home until it was dark.注意：一旦看到否认，再看到选项中有until,可以迅速联想到“notuntil”结构，再结合句意 进行判断选择。考点三：目的状语从句和结果状语从句so that表示为了（表目的）so
14、that，such.that. 表示如此以至于so+形容词/副词+ that从句彳列： Nanjing is so beautiful that lots of visitors come here every year.南京如此美以至于每年许多游客来这。so+形容词+ a/an+可数名词的单数+ that从句彳列： Nanjing is so beautiful a city that lots of visitors come here every year. 南京如此美以至于每年许多游客来这。so+many/much/few/little + 名词+that 从句；彳列： He had
15、so little education that he wasnt able to read or write.他所受教育很少以至于他既不会读也不会写。such+a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+ that从句；例：She is such a good girl that we all like her.她是如此好的一个女孩，以至于我们大家都喜欢她。such+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+ that从句。例： They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。注意：so
16、that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在so that 前可以用逗号，意思是“因此;所以“。当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，so . that可以与be . enough to do句型转换；当从 句为否认句时，可以与too . to .或be notenough to do句型转换。这也是常考题型，需要注意。如果名词前有many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用so,不用sucho
17、例：The box is so light that he can carry it. = The box is light enough for him to carry.这个箱子够轻，他搬得动。That suit is so expensive that I cant afford it.=The suit is not cheap enough for me to afford it.=The suit is too expensive for me to afford it.这套衣服很贵，我买不起。Soon there were so many deer that they ate u
18、p all the wild roses.考点四：原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提 出的问题，只能用because。as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显
19、的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从句多放在句首。例如：Why arent you going there?Because I dont want to.As he has no car, he cant get there easily.Since we have no money, we cant buy it.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。(4)because与because of的区别:because后只能接句子，而because of后面只能接名词或名词短语， 不能跟句子。 例如：Because of the bad weather, we put off t
20、he sports meeting.Because it rained yesterday, we put off the sports meeting.考点五：条件状语从句条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导条件状语从句时，一般遵循主将从现的原那么。如果主句是一般 将来时，情态动词加动词原形或祈使句时，状语从句用一般现在时。例： ril help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.You mustnt be late, if you want
21、to go there with me tomorrow.(2)“祈使句+ and (or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or youUl be late. =If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam.注意：(Dunless=if. .not.如： You will get lost easily unless you have a map.=You w
22、ill get lost easily if you dont have a map.if既有“如果”也有“是否”的意思。作“如果”讲时遵循主将从现的原那么，作“是否”讲时引导宾语从 句。例：I dont know if he will come back tomorrow.I will go to Shanghai if I am free next week.考点六：比拟状语从句比拟状语从句，只用于两者之间进行比拟的情况下，通常由asas,比拟级+ than等连词引导， 一般和比拟级连用。例如：Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is
23、 as big as that one.巩固练习：1、自从她去了国外，你们还保持联系吗？【答案】Have you kept in touch with each other since he went abroad?【解析】考察since引导时间状语从句与现在完成时的时态结合。注意since的主从句时态；搭配: keep in touch with.2、当我来到山顶时，我精疲力尽，再也走不动了。【答案】I was too tired out to walk any farther when I reach the top of the mountain.【解析】考察时间状语从句以及否认句句型，
24、tooto的运用 注意时态；主过从过。3、除非亲眼所见，否那么你无法想象常州有多美丽。【答案】Unless you see it with your own eyes, you can hardly imagine how beautiful changzhou is.【解析】考察条件状语从句，注意特殊句式感叹句的形式。4、直到手术成功父母亲才平静下来。【答案】Parents didnt calm down until the operation was successfully.【解析】考察until引导的时间状语从句，主过从过。5、情况将会持续，除非人类停止为老虎身上的皮毛和骨头而猎杀它们
25、。【答案】 The situation will continue unless humans stop hunting tigers for their fur and bones.【解析】考察unless引导的条件状语从句,stop doing以及hunt for的运用链接中考：（2022 扬州市中考）3.astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.A. ThoughB. TillC. WhenD. Unless【答案】C【解析】句意：当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服来保护自己的
26、安全。考查连词辨析。Though虽然；Till直到；When当时候;Unless除非。根据astronauts go onspacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe”可知当宇航员太空行走时,他们会穿宇航服, 用when引导时间状语从句。应选Co（2022 宿迁市中考）6. Yesterday, Lin Taos speech on how to be a good volunteer was wonderful that we couldnt stop cheering fbr him.A. soB. veryC. tooD
27、. quite【答案】A【解析】句意：昨天，林涛关于如何做好志愿者的演讲精彩到让我们忍不住为他欢呼。考查副词辨析。so如此，修饰形容词或副词；very非常；too太；quite相当。根据wonderful that we couldn,t stop cheering for him”可知此处是that.”引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此以致于应选A。（2022 连云港市中考）6. Kitty, these books are heavy for you carry. Let me help you.A. as.asB. too.toC. such.thatD. so.hat【答案】B【解析】考查
28、固定句式“tooto，表示“太而不能（2022 无锡市中考）9. You will not get the special gift you finish all the tasks.A. afterB. becauseC. whileD. unless【答案】D【解析】考查条件状语从句的连接词unless,表示“除非”。（2022 泰州市中考）4. 一It is impossible to finish the difficult task in such a short time on my own both of us work together.No problem. Lets sta
29、rt!A. ifB. butC. becauseD. unless【答案】D【解析】句意：除非我们两个一起努力,否那么我一个人不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的任务。没问题。让我们开始吧！考查连词辨析if 如果;but 但是;because 因为；unless 除非。根据It is impossible to finish the difficult task in such a short time on my own.both of us work together.”可知，前后句是条件关系，除非两个 人一起努力，否那么不能完成任务。应选D。（2022 徐州市中考）47. Victory wont come to me I go to it.【答案】47. unless【解析】句意：胜利不会向我走来，除非我走向胜利。句子前后是条件关系，除非走向胜利，否那么 胜利不会向我走来，用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。