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1、名校版英语经典句型考点解析too to句型经典句型too.to句型解析一、基本结构特点t。.to.结构的基本形式为气。+形容词或副词+to+动词原形，其 意为太以至于不能，太而不能；如：She is too young to know right from wrong.她太小了，还分不清是非。He is too shy to speak to her.他太害羞，不敢同她讲话。It s too 6叩to be good.这东西太廉价，好不了（即廉价无好货）。He is too young to know right from wrong.他太小，还分不清是非。My sister is too y
2、oung to attend school.我妹妹年纪太小没法上学。She s too mean to make a donation.女也彳艮/气,不肯捐款。Youre too young to be contemplating retirement牛津高阶英汉双解词典柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典Teenagers occasionally find it all too much to cope with and lapse into bad behaviour.青少年偶尔会因感到压力太大无所适从而做出不良行为。It is all too easy to lose sight of what
3、 is happening on our own doorstep我们很容易无视身边之事。解析：There is a + n+that从句（同位语从句）There is a growing realization that changes must be made.越来越多的人认识到改革势在必行。There is a general belief that things will soon get better.大家普遍认为情况很快就会好转。There is a general public perception that standards in schools are falling.公众
4、普遍认为，学校的水平都在下降。There is a wide body of opinion that supports this proposal.支持这项提议的大有人在。There was little hope that he would survive.他幸存的希望彳艮小。There is no doubt that he will keep his promise.我们相信他会守 信。There is no evidence that he committed crime.没有他3口罪的证 据。同位语从句指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范 畴，同位语从句用来对其前面
5、的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的 词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。上面我认为就是一种同位语从句。1 ). that引导同位语从句。在以下名词后可用that引导同位语从句answer, belief, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, knowledge, law, news, opinion, plan, suggestion, thought, truth , assurance , impression , belief, feeling, conclusion, proof, opinion, , guarantee, promise, hop
6、ef message , advice, announcement, argument, belieff claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, factf feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news,opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, replyf report, reason, saying, statement, suggestion, thought,
7、 treatf warning, wish, word,等。The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。I had no idea that you were here.我不矢口道你在这里。The story goes that W川iam killed his wife.据说威廉杀死了他的妻 子。He always works hard in spite of the fact that he is not i
8、n good health.尽管他身体不好，但他总是努力工作。Suddenly the thought came to me that he would go blind.我突然想到他会失明。注意: 位语从句引导词that无含义，不充当成分，不可省略。同位语从句与其说明的名词或代词为同一内容，故可以用is把前边的 中心词和从句连接成一个句子。同位语从句前一般没有逗号。that引导同位语从句与引导定语从句的区别：that引导同位语从句时 只起连接作用，不充当任何成分;that引导定语从句时，在从句中要作 成分，如主语、宾语等。 He told me the news that our team
9、won.（that 引导同位语从句）他告诉我我们队获胜的消息The news that / which he told me was very exciting.（that 弓 I导定 语从句，在从句中作宾语）他告诉我的消息非常令人激动。（a ） The news that she heard is false.她听到的消息是假的.（b ） The news that she will go abroad is false.她将出国这消息是 假的.例（a ）是定语从句,that可省略列（b ）是同位语从句，that不能省 略。2 ）.在no idea, question, problem等后可
10、用wh-疑问词引导同位语 从句，if不引导同位语从句。I have no idea where he has gone.我不知道他去哪儿了。I have no idea what he said.我不知道他说了什么。3 ）.同位语从句注意与定语从句区别，同位语从句对前一名词做补充说明，在从句中无语法位置，而定语从句所修饰词在从句中占一语法位 置如：The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong.（同 位idea在从句中无位置，而从句只是具体说明idea的内容）认为一个人不用思考就能完成工作的想法是错误的。The idea
11、that you put forward at the meeting is wrong.（定语从句， idea 做 put forward 的宾语）你在会上提出的想法是错误的。We are glad at the news that he will come.听到他要来这个消 息我们很高兴。（news的内容就是that he will come ,故that引导的 是同位语从句）We are glad at the news that he told us.听到他告诉我们的这个 消息我们很高兴。（that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴 只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的
12、news，故that从句为定语 从句）that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作 为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。We dont understand the problem why this is the best choice.我们不明白这个问题，为什么这是最好的选择。（同位语从句）The reason why he didn/1 come to the meeting is that he is ill.他未能来开会，原因是他生病了。（定语从句）.有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所修饰的名词后，而被别的词隔开，在 语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。如
13、The thought came to her that maybe she had left thedoor open whenshe left home.她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把 门关上。Suddenly the thought came to me that he would go blind.我突然 想到他会失明。The story goes that he beats his wife.传说他打老婆。The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery.消息传开说他中彩得了一辆汽车。The rumour spread t
14、hat a new school would be built here.谣 传这里要盖一所新学校。Report has it that the Smiths are leaving town.有传言说史密 斯一家要离开这座城市。The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.他想到可能敌人已逃离这座城市。The order soon came that all citizens should evacuate the village.不久命令下来，所有居民都必须撤出村子。The rumour spread that
15、 they had been arrested.谣传他们被逮 捕了。The news got about that the firm was closing down.消息、传开 说公司将要倒闭。4 ） .同位语从句前面的名词通常用单数，且往往带有限定词加以修饰 （word除外）。如：Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15f 2003.消息传来，中国于2003年10月15日首次成功发
16、 射了载人宇宙飞船。Word came that he had been abroad.据说他已经出国了？Report has it that the princess is getting married this year.据 说公主今年将结婚。5 ).同位语从句连接词有 thatf whof whether howf whenf where 等They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很担忧。I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他什
17、么时候回 来。It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做的问题。He had no idea why she left.他不知道她为什么离开。He had no idea why she left.他不知道她为什么离开。The question who was to blame has never been settled.该由谁 负责，这个问题根本没有解决。注意：名词doubt 怀疑后面的同位语从句用whether连接；在 no doubt 不怀疑后的同位语从句用that连接。如We have some doubt whether they can com
18、plete the task on time.我们怀疑他们是否准时完成任务。There is no doubt that Zhang Wei will keep his promise.我们相信张伟会遵守诺言的。He hasnt made the decision whether he will go there.他还没有 做出决定是否去那里。We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。I have small doubt whether he is suitable for
19、 the job.他是否适 合这件工作我有点怀疑。There is some doubt whether he will come.他是否会来还不一 定。Answer my question whether you are coming.你回答我的问题: 你来不来。The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result.这个是对还是错要看结果。We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。【注意】wheth
20、er可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。6 ) .同位语从句中的语气在 suggestion, advice, request, order 等意为“建议，命令，要求” 的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词常用should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略。如Our teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer.老师给我们提出了一些任何使用电脑的建议。They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished.他们面对废除这个税的要求。你考虑退休还
21、太年轻。Now r m too busy to discuss it with you.我现在太忙，没时间和 你讨论。But these were only daydreams, much too heavenly to be contemplated as real possibilities.但是，这些愿望都只是白日做梦，因为它们太美妙了，简直叫人不敢相 信真的会实现。密西西比河上的生活二、不定式的逻辑主语有时不定式前可以带有一个由介词for引出的逻辑主语。如：It s too expensive for her to buy.太贵了 ,她买不起。The box is too heavy
22、for the boy to carry.这个箱子太重，这男孩提 不起。The print is too small for me to read without glasses.印刷字体太 小，我不戴眼镜就看不清。They expressed the wish that she accept the award.他们表示 希望她接受这笔奖金。There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came
23、 from the chairman.采纳新规那么的建议是主席提出的。The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried.允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker.我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。【注意2引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文 体中也可以省去。如：He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he
24、 was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的象是他要登上 飞往东京的飞机了。7 ) . What可以引导同位语从句，不能引导定语从句I have no idea what he is doing now.我不知道他现在在干什么。I have no idea what he is doing now.我不知道他现在在干什么。* Next comes the question what you want it for.其次就是这个问 题，你为什么要它。4 how可以引导同位语从句，不能引导定语从句It s a question how he did it.他如
25、何做了此事，那是一个问题。whofwhom , which, whenf wheref why都可以引导同位语从句She raised the question where we could get the fund.她提出这 个问题：我们到哪儿能获得这笔奖金。在通常情况下，too.t。结构中的不定式可根据其是否及物来确定它 是否带宾语。如：He is too tired to go any further.他太累了 ,不能再往前走了。（不 定式to go不及物，无需带宾语）She is too poor to buy such a nice a dress.她太穷,买不起那件漂 亮的连衣裙。
26、（不定式to buy后带有宾语such a nice a dress）但是，假设句子主语与其后不定式有动宾关系，那么，其后的及物动词不 定式不能带宾语。如：The nice dress is too expensive for her to buy.这件漂亮的连衣裙 太贵了，她买不起。（t。buy在此虽为及物动词，但由于句子主语the nice dress与该不定式to buy有动宾关系，故to buy后不宜再接代词 it作宾语）注意：假设句子主语与其后不定式有动宾关系，且其中的动词为不及物动 词，此时应注意在其后加适当的介词。如：The room is too dirty to live i
27、n.这房间太脏，不能住。（句末的介词 in不可省略）四、不定式是否用被动语态 上面讲到，假设句子主语与其后不定式有动宾关系，其后作为及物动词的 不定式不再带宾语。此时还需注意，该不定式通常也不用被动式，尽管 意义上是被动的。如：The text is too difficult to understand.这课文太难了，理解不了。The text is too difficult for the students to understand.这课文太 难了，学生理解不了。但在某些特殊的语境，其中的不定式必须要用被动式。如：He spoke in a voice too low to be he
28、ard.他说话的声音太低，听不 见。He is too young to be sent to America for advanced study.他太 年轻，不能送到美国去深造。主语是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以时主动也可以说被动：The milk is too hot to drink.= The milk is too hot to be drunk.牛 奶太贪了，喝不了。The box is too heavy to carry. = The box is too heavy to be carried.箱子太重,搬不起来。Atoms are too small to see.
29、= Atoms are too small to be seen.原 子太小，看不见。五、与so such.that结构的转换The box is too heavy for me to carry.The box is so heavy that I can t carry it.箱子太重 z 我扛不动。It is such a heavy box that I can t carry it.1. The child is too young to dress himself.-The child is so young that he can t dress himself.He is s
30、uch a young child that he can t dress himself.注：有时还可与not.enough to.转换，但此时要注意把原句型中的 形容词改为相对应的反义词。如：The child is too young to dress himself.The child is not old enough to dress himself.孩子太小，不会自己穿衣。He s so young that he can7 t take care of himself.He isn t old enough to take care of himself.He s too yo
31、ung to take care of himself.他太小了，照顾不了自己。六、too.to.有时可表示肯定意义在以下几种情况结构可以表示肯定意义，而不是否认意义：1 .当不定式前有否认词修饰时。比拟：He is too foolish to understand this.他太蠢,不会明白这一点。He is too clever not to understand this.他太聪明，不会不明白这一 点。She was too kind not to help you.她很善良，不会不帮助你。Alicy is too careful not to forget it.爱丽丝非常细心，不会
32、忘记这件事的。2 .当副词too的前面有否认词修饰时。如：It s never too late to mend.改过不嫌晚。Never too old to learn.活到老学到老。It s never too late to stop smoking.戒烟何时都不算晚。(直译:永 远不会太迟而不能戒烟)English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不太难学。3 .如果t。后面的形容词表示主语的状态、心理活动、情感态度(常见 的有 glad, easy, ready, anxious, eager, willing, happys pleased , a
33、pt, satisfied, inclined,kind等)，并与其后的不定式构成固定搭配, 这时too含有肯定意义,表示very, extremely的意思。例句：We are only too happy to take care of your dog for the weekend.我们非常乐意周末帮你照顾狗狗。Mr.Smith was too eager to see her.史密斯先生极想见到她。r m only too glad to be of help.我非常乐意帮助。Everyone here is too ready to help others.这里人们都很乐意帮助 他
34、人。Im too anxious to know the result.我极想知道结果。r m too glad to see you again.又见到你我很高兴。We are too ready to help you.我们很乐意帮助你。I shall be only too pleased to get home.我要回到家里就非常高兴。注 这类句子中的to。通常含有very之意 且to。前通常会有。nly, just 等副词修饰。当too前面有only、all、but、quite修饰时，意思时非常，等于very , 表不肯XE :F m only pleased to be able
35、to help you.我非常高兴能帮助你。Id be only too glad to help.我非常愿意帮助。I was only too glad to help him if he asked.如果他提出来，我乐得帮助他。I was only too pleased to help.我非常乐意帮助。Were only too pleased to help.我们非常愿意帮助。When the new baby comes along it is only too easy to shut out the others.新生儿出世后，其他孩子极容易受到冷落。The Conservative Government was only too quick to hush him up.保守党政府很快就堵住了他的嘴。III be only too pleased to help them out with any queries.我非常乐意为他们答疑解惑。He was but too eager to get home他非常想回家。We were all too polite to object我们都太客气了，没有反对。牛津高阶英汉双解词典It was all too easy to believe it这太容易令人相信了。