《译林版牛津高中英语新教材必修一Unit 2 单元词汇+短语+知识点详解.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《译林版牛津高中英语新教材必修一Unit 2 单元词汇+短语+知识点详解.docx（72页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、牛津英语单元词汇详解必修一Unit 2 Lefs talk teensWord listsSupportive sentences1. nest /nest/ n.鸟窝；巢穴,窝(15)【原句背诵】Morning and night, Mother Bird is thereUntil her babys old enough to leave the nest.【拓展】nest做动词用时，意思是“筑巢；巢居”。1 housands of seabirds are nesting on the cliffs.成千上万的海鸟在悬崖上筑巢。I can see an eagles nest on t
2、he rocks.我 能看到岩石上的一个鹰巢。When a predator (猎食动物)gets close to i ts nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest.当捕食者接近它的巢穴时，猫头鹰会引领捕食者远离它的巢穴。2. roof /ru： f/ n.屋顶,顶部(16)【原句背诵】StrangersUnder the same roofs?【拓展】roof作动词用时，意思是“盖上屋顶”。The shopping centre is not roofed over.购物中心是露天的。There are various
3、stores and restaurants all under one roof.在同一栋大楼里有各种商店和饭馆。I dont think I can live under the same roo f as you any longer.我觉得我再也不能和 你生活在同一个屋檐卜7。3. battle / baetl/ n. & vt. & vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争(16)【原句背诵】Does every dinner with your parents seem to tu rn into a battle?【拓展】the battle of Waterloo 滑铁卢战役a battl
4、e against/for sthg.奋斗a battle with sb. for sthg.和某人较量/争斗battle with/against sb. for sthg.奋斗； 争斗battle it out打出胜负，奋力争夺She has fought a constant battle with her weight.她一直在和自己的体重作斗争。Doctors battled throughout the night to save her life.医生们奋战了整个晚上来抢救她的生命。She will now battle it out with 50 other h opefu
5、ls for a place in the last 10.她现在将和另外50名有希望的候选人决战最后10个位置中的一个。【链接高考】stability, optimism and “people skills.“现在,许多人误解情商是一个人气质 中几乎无法用智商测试来衡量的东西，比如性格、动力、信心、精神稳定性、乐观 主义和“人际交往能力”。（2020 全国卷）The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond w ith the work is based on our present mental register. 重读的美妙之
6、处在 于，我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的心理状态上的。（2020 浙江卷）Those who had held mentally stimulating （刺激），demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.那些精神上 有激励，退休前要求工作的人在这些测试中做得最好。（2016 天津卷）Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the mens mentalhealth scores with their boyhood-activity scores.在 V
7、aillant 的研究中，研究人员将 这些男性的心理健康得分与他们童年时的活动得分进行了比较。16. adult / aedA It/ n.成年人（17）【原句背诵】You enter a strange middle ground一no 1 onger a small child but not quite an adu It.【拓展】grown-up n.成年人；成熟的Children are admitted only if accomp anied by an adult.儿童必须有成年人 陪同方可入场。Why cant you two a ct like civilized adul
8、ts?你们俩 为什么就不能像有教养的成年人那样 行事呢？【链接高考】（2020 全国卷 III） Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation （突变） that helps them digest milk as adul ts.东非和北欧的养牛人获得一种突变，折中突变可以帮助他们像成年人一样消化牛奶。（2020 浙江卷）Todays world is not an easy adjustment for young adults.又寸于 年轻人来说，适应今天的世界并不容易。（
9、2014 安徽卷）The young in particular are willing to accept this conce pt because at heart every child wants to grow into a happy, health y, contributing adult.年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子在内心 都希望成长为一个快乐、健康、有贡献的成年人。17. desire /di zai al/ n. & vt.渴望，希望（17）【原句背诵】You have both a new desire for independence and a con
10、tinued need for your parents love and support.【拓展】have a desire for/to do sthg.有欲望做某事a strong desire for power 强烈的权力欲enough money to satisfy all your desires 足够的钱来满足你所有的欲望I had a strong desire to help and car e for people.我有一股强烈的帮助和 关心别人的愿望。We all desire health and happiness. 我们都渴望健康和幸福。The medicine
11、 did not achieve the de sired effect.这种药未达到预期效果。【链接高考】（2021 全国乙卷）These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern spo rts fans desire for a good view and comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium ca pacifies （容量）slightly lower.目前，安全法规，更不用说现代体育迷渴望一个好 的视野和舒适的座位，倾向于保持球场上座率略低。（2021浙江卷）He showed us t
12、hat even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.他向我们展示，即使是一个愿望，只要永不放弃，也可以成就非凡的人生。(2019 江苏卷)If you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from sw imming to horse riding.如果你想参加体育活动，你可以选择游泳或骑马等活动。(2014 江苏卷)In order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as
13、to abandon their sense of right and wrong.为了满足这种欲望，他们甚至会放弃 他们的是非观。18. struggle / strA gl/ vi. & n.奋斗；斗争；搏斗(17)19. *rough /rA f/ adj.艰难的；粗糙的；不确切的(17)【原句背诵】On the other hand, when you are struggl ing tocontrol your feelings, you wish they coul d be more caring and patient-sometimes they forget that gr
14、owing up is a rough ride.【拓展】(1)struggle for奋斗；努力；争Estruggle with/against sb. for.与某人争夺a country struggling for independence 为独立而奋斗的国家a power/leadership struggle 权力的争夺；领导权的斗争a struggle for independence 争取独立的Lisa struggled with her conscience be fore talking to the police.莉萨经过一番良心上的斗争，终于对警方说了。The com
15、pany is struggling to find bu yers for its new product.这个公司正竭力为它的新产品寻找买主。Losing weight was a terrible struggl e.减肥是件很费劲的事。He is engaged in a bitter struggle wi th his rival to get control of the co mpany.为取得对公司的控制权，他正同对手进行一场激烈的斗争。There were about 20 people there, at a rough guess.那里约计有20人。He*s had a
16、 really rough time recently (=hes had a lot of problems).他最近真是困难重重。斗争the struggle between good and evil 善恶之争（2）a rough draft of a speech 讲话草稿a rough sketch 草图a rough calculation/estimate of the cost对成本的粗略计算/估计【链接高考】（2019 江苏卷）He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.他努力解释他 在脑海中听到的东西。（2018 天津
17、卷）Keisha read how Rosa Parks refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in 1955 inspired the protest that became a turning po int in the struggle for civil rights.凯莎读到了 1955年罗莎帕克斯在公交车上拒绝给一名白人乘客让座，这引发了一场抗议活动，成为民权斗争的转折点。（2014 陕西卷）Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, whi
18、 le the French, who consume （消耗）rich food, continue to stay thin?为什 么美国人努力控制体重，而吃油腻食物的法国人却能保持苗条呢？（2012 北京卷）There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably a nd rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. 地球上的人越来越多，他们理所当然地想要过上更好的生活，而不仅仅是为生存而 斗争。20. bre
19、akdown / brei kdau n/ n.（关系）The breakdown in talks represents a temporary setback in the peace proce破裂；故障 （17）【原句背诵】All of this can lead to a breakdown in your relationship.【拓展】（1） a breakdown on the motorway 在高速公路上出的故障a breakdown recovery service 车辆抢修服务the breakdown of a marriage 婚姻破裂marriage break
20、down 婚姻破裂a breakdown in communications 通信中断the breakdown of law and order 治安陷入瘫痪（2） break down（机器、车辆等）出故障；（讨论、关系）失败；（系统）瘫痪break up分裂；分手；（婚姻、恋爱关系）破裂；（会议、聚会）解散breakup n.（婚姻、关系、联系等的）破裂；ss.谈判破裂意味着和平进程暂时受阻。It didnt come as a shock to learn th at the fuel and cooling systems are t he most common causes of
21、 breakdown.不足为怪的是，燃料和冷却系统是故障的最常见原因。Talks with business leaders broke do wn last night.与商界领导人的谈判于昨晚失败了。The analysis shows that plastics, part icularly those that break down fast, a re contributing to the climate chang e.分析表明，塑料正在导致气候变化，尤其是那些快速分解的塑料。The two countries are going to meet to break down so
22、me barriers to trade between them.这两个国家将举行会 议，旨在打破它们之间的一些贸易壁垒。Civil war could come if the country breaks up.如果国家分裂，内战就会来临。Police used tear gas to break up a d emonstration.警察使用了催泪瓦斯来驱散示威活动。They (They microplastics) come from the disposal and breakdown of manmade plastic products and industrial（组织、国家
23、的）解体She had a bevy of outstanding qualities, but her inability to accept a different o pinion ultimately led to a breakup.她拥有很多突出的优点，但是她不能接受与她不同的观点，这一点最终导致了我们的分 手。waste.它们（塑料微粒）来自人造塑料制品和工业废料的处理和分解。【链接高考】（2020 天津卷）History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into en
24、tire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.历史 有可能打破这些界限，为我们提供对整个世界的洞察力，否则对我们来说是陌生 的。（2017 全国卷 I） When the container is full, you can suck the refreshmen t out through the tube, and wont have to break down the still every time y ou need a drink.当容器装满时，你可以通过管子把茶点吸出来，而不必每次需要 喝水时都把蒸储器打开。（2012 浙江卷
25、）Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friend ship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started.两个朋友因为一场争吵而永远地断送了他们的友谊，尽管谁也不记 得整件事是怎么开始的。21. regular / regjsl9（r）/ adj.频繁的；有规律的（17）【原句背诵】A light flashed at regular intervals. 一盏灯有规律地闪着亮光。There is a regular b
26、us service to the airport.有班车定时发往机场。The key to keeping the peace is regular and honest communication.【拓展】(1)regular breathing 均匀的呼吸a regular pulse/heartbeat 正常的脉搏/心跳regular meetings/visits 例行会议/访问a regular customer 老主顾a regular visitor 常客【熟词生义】regular作名词用时，意思是“常客；正式队员；中坚分子”。Hes one of our regulars.他
27、是我们的一 位老主顾。(2)regularly adv.定期地；有规律地；整齐地； 匀称地regularity n.规则性；整齐；正规；匀称 regularization n.规则化；调整；合法化 regularize vt.调整；使有秩序；使合法化The equipment is checked on a regul ar basis.设备定期进行检查。She has become a regular visitor toHoughton Hall.她已成为霍顿超市的一名常客。The battery-powered vehicle, which moves at a regular walk
28、ing pace, has been programmed to avoid pedestria ns, animals, and unexpected obstacle s, such as garbage cans,这款 电动汽车以正常的步行速度行驶，由电脑控制 可以避开行人、动物和垃圾桶等意外障碍物。【链接高考】(2020 全国卷 HI) She was 49 (displeased with) absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 (surprised) that she became a “regul
29、ar”.她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了 “常客”。(2015 全国卷 I) There s a strong need in Paris for communication, saysMaurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as religious instruc tor in a nearby church.拉肖普咖啡馆的常客莫里斯弗里施(Maurice Frisch) 在附近的一座教堂担任宗教指导员，他说巴黎对沟通的需求非常强烈。(2014 y胡；|匕卷)The sides of the bui
30、lding arent regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass.这幢楼 的四边不整齐。所以这个建筑有一个不寻常的形状。它看起来像一块很薄很锋利的碎玻璃。22. calm /ka： m/ vt.使平静，使镇静 adj.镇静的，沉着的 (17)23. calm down平静,镇静，安静(17)24. view /vju： / n.看法；视线；景色 vt.把视为；观看 (17)25. from ones point of view 从某人
31、的角度、观点出发(17)【原句背诵】When you disagree with your parents, ta ke a minute to calm down and try to u nderstand the situation from their point o f view.【拓展】(1)碎玻璃。26. calm /ka： m/ vt.使平静，使镇静 adj.镇静的，沉着的 (17)27. calm down平静,镇静，安静(17)28. view /vju： / n.看法；视线；景色 vt.把视为；观看 (17)29. from ones point of view 从某人的
32、角度、观点出发(17)【原句背诵】When you disagree with your parents, ta ke a minute to calm down and try to u nderstand the situation from their point o f view.【拓展】(1)It is important to keep calm in an e mergency.情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。The city is calm again (= free from trouble and fighting) after yesterdays riots.昨天的骚
33、乱过后城里又恢复了平静。We waited inside until things calmed down.我们待在室内，直到一切都恢复了平静。He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.他深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来His views on the subject were well known.他对这个问题的看法众所周keep/stay/remain calm保持冷静；面不改色 知。calmly adv.冷静地calmness n.冷静(2)to have different/conflicting/opposing views有不同
34、的/矛盾的/相反的观点in ones view/opinion 在某人看来in view在视野范围内；看得见；被考虑in view of鉴于；考虑到；由于a sea/mountain view 海/山景view sb./sthg. as sthg.把视为；以看待view sb./sthg. with sthg.把视为；以看待viewer n.观察者；观众；观察器This evidence supports the view that there is too much violence on television.这一证据对电视节目中暴力太多的观点予以支持。We take the view t
35、hat it would bewrong to interfere.我们所持的态度是：干涉是错误的。There were magnificent views of the surrounding countryside.四周乡间的景色壮观秀丽。In view of the weather, the event wi11 now be held indoors,由于天气的缘故，这项赛事将在室内进行。When the car was first built, the des ign was viewed as highly original.这种车刚造出时，其设计被认为是独具匠心。【链接高考】(2
36、021 全国甲卷)I found myself completely above it (the rise) and look ing at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the we st.我发现自己站在山丘上面，欣赏着斯基多山夕阳西下的美景。(2020 江苏卷)Success 36 (depends) fundamentally on our view of ourselves andof the 37 (events) in our lives.成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发 生事情的看
37、法。(2020 江苏卷)In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.在寻找发现故事的过程中，我发现了这些人的故事以及他们的生活如何改变了我们对世界的看法。26. think sth through 充分考虑，全盘考 虑，想透 (17)27. concern /kan S3 ： n/ n.担心，忧虑；关心Vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧(17)【原句背诵】After you have thoug
38、ht it through, explai n your actions and feelings calmly, liste n carefully, and address their concerns.【拓展】(1)think something of oneself 自命不凡，自 以为了不起亦作think oneself somethin gthink of记起，想起；考虑；想像；关心think ofas把看作；认为think about 考虑think to oneself盘算；自思自忖think so如此想法think for oneself 独立思考think twice abo
39、ut (doing) sthg.再三考Once you have come up with a great idea, take a little time to think it t hrough.一旦你提出了一个很好的方 案,先要花些时间去好好考虑下。Dont you ever think about other peo pie?难道你就从来没有考虑过别人?You should think twice about employ ing someone you*ve never met. 雇用 素不相识的人应三思而行。I keep thinking back to the day I ar
40、rived here.我不断回想起刚到这儿那 一天的情景。Can anybody think of a way to raise money?谁能想出个集资的办法？She is thought of as a possible direc tor.人们认为她有可能成为董事She is thought of as a possible direc tor.人们认为她有可能成为董事Cant you think up a better excuse t han that?难道你就想不出一个比这更 好的借口 ？The book is primarily concerned with Soviet-Am
41、erican relations during the Cold War.这部书主要讲的是冷战时期的苏美关系。(2020 江苏卷)It is not a problem (whether) we can win the battle; it*s just a matter of time. 我们能否赢得这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。(2021 浙江卷)However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a
42、 number of film roles that finally got h im noticed.然而，成为一名全职的成功演员仍然是一场艰苦的战斗，又过了 8年他才获得了一些 电影角色，引起人们的关注。4. see eye to eye with sb (on sth) (在某事上)与某人看法一致(16)【原句背诵】Do you feel that you just cannot see ey e to eye with them on anything?It is so good that you see eye to ey e with me on this problem. 你在这
43、个问题上的看法与我完全一致，这真好。But I dont see eye to eye with the m and I insist that the secrets behin d the magic should not be disclosed. 但是我的看法和他们不一样，我坚信魔术的秘密不该揭露出来。5. argument / a： gjumsnt/ n.争吵,争论；论点(16)【原句背诵】Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their par ents.【拓展】(1) argumen
44、t with sb. over/about sthg.和某人争论某事argument for/against sthg.支持/反对某事(2) argue / a： gju： / vi.争吵，争辩，争论vt.说理，论证(19)We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.我们和服务员就账单发生了争吵。The doctors have set out their argum ents against the proposals.医生们已经说明了反对这些提案的理由。Were always arguing with each other about
45、 money.我们总是为钱吵嘴。They argued for the right to strike.他们据理力争罢工的权利。It could be argued that laws are mad e by and for men.法律由人并为人制定的这一点颇有道理。It is often argued that one of the m ost common differences between the虑f重新考虑think over仔细考虑；重新考虑think it over仔细考虑一下；好好想想think oneself as 自认为是think highly/much/a lot
46、 of 高度评价，尊 重think poorly/not much/little of 评价差（不 好）think back 回想think up想出；发明；虚构（2）concern oneself 从事，忙于（常与with, abo ut, in, over连用）关心，关注，关切，挂念, 担心，忧虑concern about对表示担心/忧虑；使（自己）关心concern oneself in 干预；从事（参与；从 事参与）；干涉public concern 公众关注primary concern 主要关41?的事with concern 关切地show ones concern for 又寸
47、表示关What concerns me is our lack of pre paration for the change.让我担/匕的是我们对事态的变化缺乏准备。He didn*t concern himself with the d etails.他对细节不感兴趣。The move follows growing public co ncern over the spread of the disease. 该行动是针对公众日益增长的对该疾病传播的担忧而采取的。He asked several questions concernin g the future of the company.他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。All cases concerning children are dea It with in a special childrens court.所有涉及儿童的案件均由儿童特别法庭审理。或忧虑of no concern无关紧要，没有意义issue of common concern 共同关心的问题as far as one concerns