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1、Unit 2 Passion and AmbitionText Analysis1. Background informationSource of the textThe text is abridged from an article with the same title by Jacquelyn Mitchard, which appeared inReader fs Digest. Volume 174, 2009.2. About the authorJacquelyn Mitchard (December 10, 1956-)-American journalist and au
2、thor.She is the author of the best-selling novel The Deep End of the Ocean, which was the first selection for Oprahs Book Club on September 17, 1996. Other books by Mitchard include The Breakdown Lag Twelve Times Blessed, Christmas, Present. A Theory of Relativity, The Most Wanted. Cage of Stars. No
3、 Time to Wave Goodbye, Second Nature - A Love Story, and Still Summer.Born and raised in a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, Mitchards father was a plumber, from Newfoundland, Canada, and her mother a hardware store clerk, a competitive horsewoman, and a member of the Lac du Flambeau Chippewa Cree tribe.
4、 She studied creative writing for three semesters under Mark Costello (author of The Murphy Stories) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.She became a newspaper reporter in 1979, eventually achieving a position as lifestyle columnist for the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel newspaper. Her wee
5、kly column, The Rest of Us: Dispatches from the Mother Ship, appeared in 125 newspapers nationwide until she retired it in 2007. Mitchard is a contributing editor for More (magazine) and is featured regularly in Reader s Digest. Good Housekeeping, Hallmark. Real Simple and other publications. Her no
6、nfiction work includes the 1986 memoir Mother Less Child (WW Norton) and essays in more than 30 anthologies.IL General analysis of the textIn this piece of persuasive writing, Jacquelyn Mitchard tries to convince the readers that the wisest parents support their childrens passion.Instead of mere rea
7、soning or arguing, the writer cites stories in real life to convince the reader that it is of great importance for parents to support their kids passion.A distinctive feature of the writing is the abundant use of stories in real life to persuade readers to accept the writers position. In part one, t
8、he writers position is introduced with the story of her son pondering a second major in business or teaching.launched; 8. devoted; 9. tended to1. in; 2.up; 3. to; 4. as; 5. in; 6. with; 7.out of; 8. to; 9. intoGrammarApplicationl.G; 2. K; 3.E; 4.B; 5.0; 6.D; 7.F; 8.M; 9.A; 10.H.1. hadnt called; 2 wo
9、uld have been understood; 3. had not eaten; 4 had been;5.hadnt been; 6. would have attended; 7.wouldnt have believed;8. wouldnt have happened1. when 2.When 3.As 4.when 5.as 6.when 7. As 8. When1. I highly appreciate all the help you offered me during my stay here, and, in particular, all the time yo
10、u*ve spent on my account.2. His birth, background and career show that everyone can make it on his or her own merit and diligence.3. Though mobile payment is now in common use, it is still advisable to have some cash with you when travelling, just in case it is needed.4. To be a good teacher, you ne
11、ed some of the gifts of a good actor: you must be able to hold the interest of your audience.5. It was Anns husband that/who rushed her to a nearby hospital last night.6. As a child he wished to be an actor, but he ended up as a teacher.7. You must keep it in your mind that opportunities always favo
12、r those who are prepared.8. The Red Cross flew to the area of the floods, ready to dole out supplies of food and medicine.9. I would rather you come back a day later than drive home so late.10. If you hang back and reserve all the time, you can never take the first step towards a solution to the pro
13、blem.Oral Practice，/ ， ，/ /, / / / /, / / / / /, / / / / /, / / / /, / / / / /, / / / / /, / / / / / / / / /, / / / /, /* / / /Open-ended questions.Writing zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz/zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz/zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz
14、zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz / / / / / 7 / / / / , / / / / , / / / / / / / / / / / / / , / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / , / / / / 7 / / / / / / / / , / / / / / / / / 7 / / / / , / / / / One version for reference:Many factors are considered as contributive to our success in life and career,passion being one
15、of them. In my opinion, passion is must for our success. My reasons are as follows.To begin with, passion gives you confidence. The more you believe in what you are doing, the harder you will work to achieve excellence.That will make you happy and satisfied with your work, and your effort will be re
16、cognized by those around you. All these give you confidence to achieve success. Hence, as is believed by Mandela, “There is no passion to be found playing small - in settling for a life that is less than the one you are capable of living.”Besides, passion brings help. Your passion in the work will a
17、ppeal to those around you and move them. As a result, many of them will try to help you when they find you are in difficulty. Help from others will not only bring you closer to success but also encourage you to make ever greater efforts.Finally, passion is source of originality. As we all know, educ
18、ation is uniform. However, passion is different. It is something personal. Therefore, for the progress of our society, passion is a must, for it is a source of originality.Therefore, passion is a must for success. In this regard, Donald Trump has a point when he says “With out passion you dont have
19、energy, without energy you have nothing.Text B How a Disastrous Trip Inspired a Passion to Make MyBusiness SucceedWorking with words and expressionsCosta Rica (para. 1): a country located in Central America, one of the most visited international destinations, with tourism being one of its main sourc
20、es of income哥斯达黎加(中美洲国家)1. nauseating (para. 3):。功.making you feel as if you are going to vomit 令人恶心 的，让人作呕的itinerary (para. 4): n. C a plan of a journey, including the route and the places that you will visit旅程，路线；旅行日程2. Bimmer (para. 6): another name for BMW, resulted from the effort of pronouncin
21、g BMW as a common word 宝马车(别称)topography (para. 10): n. U the physical features of an area of land, especially the position of its rivers, mountains, etc. 土也形；土也貌3. motion sickness (para. 11): n. U the unpleasant feeling that you are going to vomit, that some people have when they are moving, especi
22、ally in a vehicle 晕 动病(尤指晕车)pull over (para. 11): ( of vehicles) to move closer to the side of the road and stops there车)驶向路边停下；(驾车者)靠路边停车4. souvenir (para. 15): n. C a thing that you buy and/or keep to remind yourself of a place, an occasion or a holiday/vacation 纪念物； 纪念品catalyst (para. 17): n. C O
23、riginally, the word means a substance that causes a chemical reaction to take place more quickly (催化剂).When used figuratively, it may refer to a person or thing that causes a change (触发因素； 促进因素)5. pandemonium (para. 23): n. U a situation in which there is a lot of noise, activity and confusion, espe
24、cially because people are feeling angry or frightened 喧嚣；大混乱的场面E1. Because Costa Rica was famous for its rich culture, tropical climate and renewable energy technologies.2. He meant that it was in very bad condition and very uncomfortable.3. It was because of the extremely wonderful scene of the sea
25、in Paragraph 12 and a premonition that someone had robbed their car in Paragraph 14.4. He learned the importance of perseverance, focus and fortitude.5. His tone was humorous and informal.0HeyGuy, was I doomed to meet up with the difficulties of reality1. It was so cheap that even a poor 19-year-old
26、 college student could afford. Besides, shabby as it was, at least it could serve the purpose of carrying us to our destination.2. The sunshine spread all over the beach and completely wrapped me in, just like a blanket.3. Looking back on this adventure, I realized the dramatic turn we experienced f
27、rom extreme happiness in the mind to complete confusion in reality vividly represented what actually happens when one starts a business as well as in ones life as a whole.4. Our response to this incident demonstrates the outside-of-work uses of what constitutes the most important part of a company t
28、hat gives it support and strength.Voicing your viewsOpen-ended questions.Reading between the linesPersonification. The use of the figure of speech here makes the description more vivid and lively.1. Kissed, welcominga. This turned into a battle: Rustic Machine vs. Mother Nature.(para. 9)b.The white
29、sand nestled between each toe like powder and hugged my feet like a glove.(para. 12)AppendicesL Translation of Text A非传统智慧：为什么要在乎热情I不久前，有人问一位年轻的流行音乐明星的父亲，如果他的儿子当时没有 成为一名歌手兼词作家的话，那他又将会干些什么呢？那位父亲说他从来没有考 虑另外一切计划。这是他的A计划，那里没有B计划。我把这些讲给我的儿子 马蒂听，他是音乐剧专业的学生，他那时正在考虑选取商业或教育为第二专业。次如果是为了我，那你就不要选了。我说。3”如果我的那个专业
30、没有成功，那我又该怎么办呢？ 他问。4”必然有其他人去做的。我说。5我的朋友们认为我太疯狂了。他们已经建议他们自己成长中的小孩去选择 一个后备计划，去选择他们认为能够擅长的事情，即使他们根本不喜欢只是 以防万一。现实很残酷，我的朋友们提醒我。我多年来一直在鼓励我的孩子们去 选择拒绝和牺牲吗？我理解他们的忧虑O我的三个大学生孩子各自已经选择了 一 条充满风险的道路。6的确，我是想保护我的孩子。但是他们为什么非要在他们最美好的年华里 去学习那些他们根本就没有兴趣的东西？这难道真的是对他们的时间的最明智 的运用吗？为什么非要教他们去拒绝他们自己的天性呢？7是那些胆子大的、而不是循规蹈矩的人，在艰难时
31、刻跳得更远。恐惧让我 们停驻不前，热情却能带领我们所向披靡。8那些一心专注于自己喜欢做的事情的人在某种程度上更容易成功，无论是 形式方面还是状态方面。伟大的昂格莉达米勒如此的爱好舞蹈，她成为她的 时代里最具创新能力的舞蹈教师，甚至在她自己放弃舞蹈后也是如此。大卫萨 亚斯在纽约市当了 15年警察，在养家糊口的同时他还学习表演。他最终成了电 视里的著名的警察之一：Showtime热播剧嗜血判官中的侦探安吉尔巴蒂 斯塔。9我知道最明智的父母都是正直的父母。他们看着他们的孩子长大，并通过 鼓励而不是外在的强制力引导他们去他们的力量所能达到的地方。而有时候这些 父母感到既骄傲又担心。当我的儿子马蒂步入极
32、具挑战力表演领域的时候，我不 得不承认，我不知道这到底是谁的梦想：他的还是我的。然而我看着他一步步成长。我也记得一位体育教练曾经告诉我：孩子们会 学会自我认同的。没有人会去强迫一个本已被驱动的孩子去取得成就。7岁时在 足球场上光芒四射是一回事，而17岁时再次取得成就却是另一回事。随着时间 的流逝和接触面的不断扩大，父母能够分辨出哪些期望是有前途的，然后据此帮 助他们的孩子做出选择，但前提是他们必须和他们的孩子保持一种协助性的关系 而不是一种教条式的。11曾经在火车上我遇见一个向我讲述了他儿子的事情的人，他的儿子都遗传 了他的妻子的殿堂级的音乐天赋。这个人最近命令其两个儿子去选择商业技术为 他们
33、的大学学位课程。他告诉他们，那才是金钱所在的地方音乐仅仅是个业 余爱好。你的儿子多大了？ “我问他。13“一个11岁，一个12岁。”他说。14这个人已经在他的儿子敏感而脆弱的年纪里，镇压了他们的天资和热情， 而这些却是他们整个童年都在为之奋斗的。而那种做法却不是作为母亲的我所赞 同的。这个世界总会向我的孩子们还原其本源的。15我不知道我的孩子将来会不会因为梦想太大而遭受更多的痛苦。但是我坚 信一步步了解自己的的极限总比谨小慎微地做保守选择好。16我宁愿我的孩子栽跟头也不远他们踌躇不前。17前几天的一个晚上，我10岁的女儿米娅告诉我说她的梦想是成为一个职 业拉拉队长。她还想开一家专为狗提供耳朵饰
34、品的店。我保留我自己的看法并且 说：“真的吗？ ”后来，我又想为什么我们没有听到过给狗的耳朵装饰吊坠呢。我 的女儿也许是一个极富远见的人！18我永远感谢我的母亲鼓励我从一开始就坚持我的A计划。她赞扬我并在我 小时候就鼓励我自由写作，而且她读经典著作给我听。她去世的时候我还是一个 十几岁的人，父亲想要我找一份工作。于是我去当服务员，但是当我有空的时候, 我就坚持为一家周报写稿子，每个词15美分，而这却磨炼了我的写作。多年以 后，当我的第一位丈夫去世的时候，我找了两份兼职（一份是有关公共关系实务 的，另一份是作为一个专业的作家）。为了抚养三个年幼的儿子，夜以继日地书 写我的悲痛，最终写成了一本38
35、6页厚的小说，取名大洋深处，而这本书让 我跻身于我梦寐以求的作家这一职业。我不知是否存在天堂，如果真有的话，妈 妈会带领唱诗班为我欢呼加油。19当我的孩子在权衡他们的选择的时候，我给他们我的最好的建议：冒一切风险! B、C、D和E计划总是在那里的。紧紧握住A计划！IL Transcript for the Video Clip in Pre-Class TasksThe Power of Passion and PerseveranceWhen I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in management consulting fo
36、r a job that was even more demanding: teaching. I went to teach seventh graders math in the New York City public schools. And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests. I gave out homework assignments. When the work came back, I calculated grades.What struck me was that IQ was not the only differen
37、ce between my best and my worst students. Some of my strongest performers did not have stratospheric IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids werent doing so well. And that got me thinking. The kinds of things you need to learn in seventh grade math, sure, theyre hard: ratios, decimals, the area of a par
38、allelogram. But these concepts are not impossible; and I was firmly convinced that every one of my students could learn the material if they worked hard and long enough.After several more years of teaching, I came to the conclusion that what we need in education is a much better understanding of stu
39、dents and learning from a motivational perspective, from a psychological perspective. In education, the one thing we know how tomeasure best is IQ. But what if doing well in school and in life depends on much more than your ability to learn quickly and easily?So I left the classroom, and I went to g
40、raduate school to become a psychologist. I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super challenging settings, and in every study my question was, who is successful here and why? My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy. We tried to predict which cadets would stay in milit
41、ary training and which would drop out. We went to the National Spelling Bee and tried to predict which children would advance farthest in competition. We studied rookie teachers working in really tough neighborhoods, asking which teachers are still gonna be here in teaching by the end of the school
42、year, and of those, who will be the most effective at improving learning outcomes for their students? We partnered with private companies, asking, which of these salespeople is gonna keep their jobs? And whos gonna earn the most money? In all those very different contexts, one characteristic emerged
43、 as a significant predictor of success. And it wasnt social intelligence. It wasnt good looks, physical health, and it wasnt IQ. It was grit.Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. Grit is having stamina. Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out, not just for the week, n
44、ot just for the month, but for years, and working really hard to make that future a reality. Grit is living life like its a marathon, not a sprint.A few years ago, I started studying grit in the Chicago public schools. I asked thousands of high school juniors to take grit questionnaires, and then wa
45、ited around more than a year to see who would graduate. Turns out that grittier kids were significantly more likely to graduate, even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure, things like family income, standardized achievement test scores, even how safe kids felt when they were a
46、t school. So its not just at West Point or the National Spelling Bee that grit matters. Its also in school, especially for kids at risk for dropping out.To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know, how little science knows, about building it. Every day, parents and teachers ask m
47、e, “How do I build grit in kids? What do I do to teach kids a solid work ethic? How do I keep them motivated fbr the long run? The honest answer is, I dont know.What I do know is that talent doesnt make you gritty. Our data show very clearly that there are many talented individuals who simply do not
48、 follow through on their commitments. In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated or even inversely related to measures of talent.So far, the best idea Ive heard about building grit in kids is something called “growth mindset. This is an idea developed at Stanford University by Carol Dweck, and it is the belief that the ability to learn is not fixed, that it can change with your effort. Dr. Dweck has shown that when kids read and learn about the brain and how it changes and grows in response to challenge, theyre much more likely to persevere when they fail, becaus