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1、诸暨市2022年12月高三诊断性考试英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .What will the man do next?A.See a doctor.B.Have a coffee.C.Make a phone call.2 .Who is the man mostly 1 汰ely to be?A.A manager.B.An agent.C
2、.An interviewee.3 .Where are the speakers?A.In a lecture hall.B.In a shopping mall.C.In a restaurant.4 .What does the woman want to do with the meeting?A.Cancel it.B.Postpone it.C.Advance it.5 .What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.A scientist.B.A piece of news.C.A new planet.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5
3、分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。11题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到 “Private companies and specialists record labels are also trying their best to ensure music is safeguarded for generations to come.（私人公司和专业唱片公司也在尽最大努力确保音乐
4、在未来几代 人中得到保护。）”可知保存的真正价值在于这将是几代人的文化记忆，故选D。DMushrooms on a log may each seem like quiet, separate organisms, but they are actually the above-ground fruit belonging to a fungus （真菌），connected to the large organism by a root network called mycelium （菌丝）. Although mushrooms may not seem very talkative e
5、ither, a new study shows electrical signals travelling through their mycelium network could help the organism communicate.According to the research, some mushrooms can use electrical impulse （脉冲）to share and process information in their body. When signal activity increases, it creates complicated pa
6、tterns that may function like words in human speech.Previous research has found that mushrooms can send electrical signals underground through long, thread-like structures, which expand to form a network of mycelium. It works like nerve cells that send signals to other parts of the human body. Some
7、studies have shown that electrical activity will increase when the mycelium of wooddigesting mushrooms touches blocks, which may indicate that mushrooms can use these impulses to share information about food or injury.In the new study, four species were analyzed. Researchers listened to the mushroom
8、s9 chat using tiny electrodes （电极）connected to mycelium to measure the power in signal activity. Each result in the activity was organized into several groups and given a linguistic （语言的）and information complexity analysis. The power varied in duration and length, with some lasting up to 21 hours. T
9、he electrical points resembled a human vocabulary of up to 50 words. However, only 15 to 20 mushrooms9 words are used frequently.Mushrooms9 words are also similar in length to human words. The mushrooms word length averaged over the four species is 5.97, which is of the same range as an average word
10、 length in some human languages. For instance, it is 4.8 in English and 6 in Russian.While the research shows mushrooms can produce patterns of electrical signals, theres no way to tell what they are talking about, if they are at all. Though comparing the mushrooms electrical signals to human speech
11、 is interesting and notable, some researchers are doubtful. Though interesting, the interpretation as language seems somewhat overenthusiastic and requires more research,“ says Dan Bebber from the University of Exeter.12. How do mushrooms communicate according to the research?A. Through their myceli
12、um.B. Through their nerve cells.C. Through electrical signals.D. Through the root network.13. What do the studies suggest about mushroom communication?A. It is similar to human speech in several aspects.B. It is far too complicated to understand anything.C. It is not impulses that they use to commun
13、icate.D. It is easy to tell the exact information they share.14. What does Dan Bebber think of “the interpretation as language”?A. It is simply unquestionable.B. It is definitely contradictory.C. It is absolutely groundless.D. It is not convincing enough.15. Which magazine is the text probably taken
14、 from?A. Health Guide.B. Science World.C. Travel Journal.D. Business Week.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，蘑菇能够通过电信号交流沟通。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 u Although mushrooms may not seem very talkative either, a new study shows electrical signals travelling through their mycelium networ
15、k could help the organism communicate.（虽然蘑菇看起 来也不太会说话，但一项新的研究表明，通过菌丝体网络传播的电信号可以帮助生物体交流）”可知，根据 这项研究，蘑菇是通过电信号交流的。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段 “When signal activity increases, it creates complicated patterns that may function like words in human speech.（当信号活动增加时,它会产生复杂的模式，其功能可能类似于人类语言中的单词）” 和第三段中 “It works
16、like nerve cells that send signals to other parts of the human body.（它的工作原理类似于神 经细胞，将信号发送到人体的其他部位）”以及倒数第二段中“Mushrooms，words are also similar in length to human words.（蘑菇的单词在长度上也与人类单词相似）”可推知，关于蘑菇的交流，这些研究表明了它在几 个方面与人类语言相似。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 u Though comparing the mushrooms electrical signals to
17、 human speech is interesting and notable, some researchers are doubtful. Though interesting, the interpretation as language seems somewhat overenthusiastic and requires more research.says Dan Bebber from the University of Exeter.（尽管各蘑 菇的电信号与人类语言进行比较是有趣而引人注目的，但一些研究人员对此表示怀疑。埃克塞特大学的 丹贝伯（Dan Bebber）说：“虽
18、然很有趣，但把它解释为语言似乎有些过于热情，需要更多的研究。可推知，丹贝伯认为把它解释为语言是不够有说服力的。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第段中Although mushrooms may not seem very talkative either, a new study shows electrical signals travelling through their mycelium network could help the organism communicate.（虽然蘑菇看起 来也不太会说话，但一项新的研究表明，通过菌丝体网络传播的电信号可以帮助生物体交流）”以及
19、最后一 段 “Though comparing the mushrooms electrical signals to human speech is interesting and notable, some researchers are doubtful. Though interesting, the interpretation as language seems somewhat overenthusiastic and requires more research.says Dan Bebber from the University of Exeter.（尽管将蘑菇的电信号与人
20、类语言进行 比较是有趣而引人注目的，但一些研究人员对此表示怀疑。埃克塞特大学的丹贝伯（Dan Bebber）说： “虽然很有趣，但把它解释为语言似乎有些过于热情，需要更多的研究。“）”可知，本文主要讲述了一项 新的研究，蘑菇能够通过电信号交流沟通，是和科学有关。所以可推知能在“Scie碇上看到本 文。故选B项。第二节（共5个小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Efficient ways to improve your speechFind it difficult to make a wonderful sp
21、eech in public? 16Use more facial expressionsOne psychologist feels that our facial expression is responsible more than anything else for the impression others have of us. A smile in which the eyes participate is extremely communicative. 17 People tend to mirror your expression, so try to show how y
22、ou feel about a topic or an idea through your facial expression.Get rid of your inner fear18 The way to handle it is to put it to work for you, get into action, as Shakespeare observed, action cures fear. The first is to admit it. Do the thing you fear and it will be the death of fear itself. Anothe
23、r simple aid at the last minute before you begin, is to take a few deep breaths. This will help get the butterflies in formation and also keep your voice under control.Polish your voiceOur voice is the main instrument we possess for communicating with people. So invest in a tape recorder, practice y
24、our speech by speaking it into the microphone and then listen to it. You can even have others join in the evaluation of your strong points and your weaknesses or faults as well. Simply reading a newspaper, a magazine or stories to your children out loud can help. 19Strengthen your memoryPsychologist
25、s tell us that most individuals dont use above ten percent of their inherent capacity fbr memory. How to enhance the power of memory? First, have a burning desire to remember. Its difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so. 20 Our success depends greatly on our ability to concentrate. The
26、 next principle is repetition, we learned many things in school by repetition.A. Step number two is concentration.B. A frown often brings the same thing in return.C. Here are some efficient ways to improve your speech.D. Your emphasis, pausing, pace and even pitch can improve.E. Reading aloud cannot
27、 necessarily help you develop a personal style.F. The more associations you make with the brain,the easier it becomes.G Its natural to have some tension when you appear before an audience.【答案】16. C 17. B 18.G19. D 20. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种能够提高演讲能力的有效方法：使用更多的面部表情；摆脱 内心的恐惧；改善说话的声音；加强记忆。【16题详解】上文“
28、Find it difficult to make a wonderful speech in public?（觉得在公共场合发表精彩演讲很难吗？）”引出话 题“演讲很难”；同时结合后文的四个小标题“Use more facial expressions（使用更多的面部表情）”、“Get rid of your inner fear（摆脱内心的恐惧）、uPolish your voice（改善说话的声音）”和 aStrengthen your memory（加强记忆）”可知，后文在讲述提高演讲的儿种具体方法，故此处空格的内容应起到承上启下的作 用，C选项“Here are some effic
29、ient ways to improve your speech.（以下是一些提高演讲水平的有效方法。）” 符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】由第二段的小标题“Use more facial expressions（使用更多的面部表情）”、上文“A smile in which the eyes participate is extremely communicative.（蕴含眼神的微笑非常具有交流性。）”和后文 u People tend to mirror your expression, so try to show how you feel about a topic or an id
30、ea through your facial expression.（人们倾向于表达和 你一样的表情，所以试着通过你的面部表情来表达你对某个话题或想法的感觉。）”可知，本段主要讲述面 部表情在演讲中的重耍性。B选项“ A frown often brings the same thing in return.（皱眉往往也会带来同样的问 报。）中的A frown也是面部表情，并与上文的“ A smile”相对应，符合语境。故选B。【18题详解】由第三段的小标题“Get rid of your inner fear（摆脱内心的恐惧）”和后文“The way to handle it is to p
31、ut it to work for you, get into action, as Shakespeare observed, action cures fear.（处理它的方法是让它为你工作，付诸行 动，正如莎士比亚所说，行动可以治愈恐惧。）”可知，此段主要讲述如何摆脱内心的恐惧。G选项uIfsnatural to have some tension when you appear before an audience.（当你出现在观众面前时，很自然会有一些紧张。）” 中的tension就是后文中it所指代的内容，与fear表达的意思一致，放在句首用于引出后文，符合语境。故 选G。【19题
32、详解】由第四段小标题 “Polish your voice（改善说话的声音）”和上文 “Our voice is the main instrument we possess for communicating with people.（我们的声音是我们与人交流的主要工具。）与Simply reading a newspaper, a magazine or stories to your children out loud can help.（只需大声给孩子读报纸、杂志或故事就可以了。）”可 知，本段主要讲的是如何改善说话的声音，D选项u Your emphasis, pausing, pa
33、ce and even pitch can improve.C 的重点、停顿、速度甚至音高都可以提高。）”承接上文，表示通过前文的给孩子大声读报纸、讲故事等方 式可以提高说话的重点、停顿等，符合语境。故选D。【20题详解】由第五段小标题Strengthen your memory（加强记忆）和上文“First, have a burning desire to remember. It9s difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so.（首先，有一种强烈的记忆欲望。如果没有记忆的欲望那回 忆东西是很难的。）”可知，本段主要讲述如何加
34、强记忆，上文中的First表示第一点，又因后文“Oursuccess depends greatly on our ability to concentrate.（我们的成功很大程度上取决于我们的专注能力。）”与上文表述内 容不一致，说明此处讲的是另外一点，A选项“Step number two is concentration.（第二步就是专心致志。）” 承接上文，Step number two是First的顺延，同时concentration又与后文中的concentrate相对应，符合语境。 故选Ao第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分1
35、5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。My high school life was a very fulfilling one. Apart from studying in class, I got a part-time job at a local21 shop. I hoped it would be easy, and for the most part, 22 I imagined myself pouring coffee andbecoming close friends with my c
36、ustomers.But what I hadnt 23 was the people with so many orders and the moments when I couldnt seem to24 anyone. There was always too much sugar, too little ice, or not enough skim milk. 25,1 kept at it.One day, one of my customers dropped in, 26 Before he left, I handed him a bag along with his ice
37、dcoffee. He looked at me 27 because he had ordered nothing but the coffee. He opened the bag and saw his favorite doughnut （甜甜圈）I had 28 him. He smiled and thanked me before 29 out into the rain.The next evening, he came. Instead of 30 something, he handed me a single pink rose and a note.“Thanks fo
38、r being so sweet and 31 yesterday. It is so nice to meet someone who is warm. Please dont32 your ways because I truly believe that you will do better. Have a great day!”As time went on, I did 33 some customers really particular. But whenever I felt cast down, that manand his kindness would occur to
39、me. Then I would 34、hold my head up high, clear my throat and askpolitely, How can I 35 you?”21. A. fashion22. A. flexible23. A. expected24. A. recognize25. A. Moreover26. A. excited27. A. questioningly28. A. assigned29. A. coming30. A. ordering31. A. outgoing32. A. fashion33. A. flexible34. A. expe
40、cted35. A. recognize36. A. Moreover37. A. excited38. A. questioningly39. A. assigned40. A. coming41. A. ordering42. A. outgoingB. coffeeB. romanticB. detectedB. reachB. HoweverB. rigidB. curiouslyB. awardedB. headingB. whisperingB. straightforwardC. bakeryC. back-breakingC. graspedC. pleaseC. Instea
41、dC. dynamicC. gratefullyC. givenC. stormingC. reportingC. thoughtfulD. furnitureD. stress-freeD. managedD. convinceD. HenceD. depressedD. angrilyD.servedD. slidingD. obtainingD. tolerant32. A. continueB. keepC. improveD.change33. A. inquire aboutB. come acrossC. knock intoD. hear of34. A. smileB. pr
42、ayC. weepD. sigh35. A. treatB. thankC. contactD. help【答案】21.B 22.D23. A 24. C25. B 26. D 27. A28. C 29. B32. A. continueB. keepC. improveD.change33. A. inquire aboutB. come acrossC. knock intoD. hear of34. A. smileB. prayC. weepD. sigh35. A. treatB. thankC. contactD. help【答案】21.B 22.D23. A 24. C25.
43、B 26. D 27. A28. C 29. B30. AC 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D31.【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在高中时在咖啡店里做兼职的经历和感悟。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在课堂上学习，我还在当地一家咖啡店找了份兼职工作。A. fashion时尚； B.coffee咖啡；C.bakery烘焙；D. furniture家具。根据下文“pouring coffee”可知，作者在一家咖啡店兼 职。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望它会很简单，在很大程度上，没有压力。A. flexible灵活的；B.romanti
44、c浪漫的；C.back-breaking令人筋疲力尽的；D. stress-free没压力的。根据上文I hoped it would be easy”可以推测，作者希望在咖啡店兼职大部分时间是轻松简单，没有压力的。故选D项。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我没有预料到的是，有那么多人的订单，还有我似乎无法取悦任何人的时 刻。A. expected 期待、预料；B. detected 侦测；C. grasped 抓住;D. managed 管理。根据下文 “the people with so many orders and the momentsn并结合上文作者希望兼职轻松简单无压力可
45、知，作者没有预料到，咖 啡店的工作也是有挑战的。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recognize识别；B.reach到达;C.please让开心；D.convince说服。根据上文“people with so many orders”可知，顾客的要求很多，作者很难让任何人都开心。故选C 项。25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我坚持了下来。A. Moreover此外；B. However然而；C.Instead相反；D. Hence 因此。根据上文 “There was always too much sugar, too little ice, or no
46、t enough skim milk.（糖总是太 多，冰太少，或者脱脂牛奶不够）”及“I kept at it.可知，尽管工作中备受挑战，作者还是坚持了下来， 前后为转折关系。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一天，我的一位顾客进来了，很沮丧。A. excited感到激动的；B. rigid死板 的；C.dynamic精力充沛的;D. depressed抑郁的、沮丧的。根据下一段“Thanks for being so sweet and11 yesterday. It is so nice to meet someone who is warm. ”可以推测,作者的这位顾客当
47、天心情沮丧压抑。故选D项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:他疑惑地看着我，因为他只点了咖啡。A.questioningly怀疑地；B.curiously好 奇地；C. gratefully 感激地;D. angrily 生气地。根据下文 ubecause he had ordered nothing but the coffee” 可 知，顾客十分疑惑因为作者多给了食物。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打开袋子，看到了我给他的他最喜欢的甜甜圈。A. assigned分派；B.awarded 颁发；C. given 给；D. served 服务。根据上文 “Before
48、he left, I handed him a bag along with his iced coffee.（在他离开之前，我递给他一个袋子和他的冰咖啡）”和“He opened the bag and saw his favorite doughnut （甜甜圈）”可知，作者给了顾客一个甜甜圈。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他微笑着向我道谢，然后走到雨中去了。A. coming来；B. heading前往；C. storming突袭、攻占；D. sliding滑动。根据下文“into the rain”可知，顾客致谢后又再次前往雨中。故选 B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有点什么东西，而是递给我一朵粉红色的玫瑰和一张纸条。A. ordering点 （餐）；B. whispering 低语；C. reporting 报道；D. obtaining 获得。根据下文 he handed me a single pi