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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精,善益求善。商务英语阅读第二版长句汇总-Uniet11. Onceseenasthebadhabitofanimmatureeconomy,Chinasmacro-economycontrol(statemeddling)isnowseenasabulwarkofstability.“Governmentcontrolofthemostcapital-intensivesectorsleavesmeoptimisticaboutChinasprospects”,says.中国的国家干预曾被视为一个不成熟经济体的坏习
2、惯,如今被视为稳定的防波堤。安迪罗斯曼(AndyRothman)表示:“政府控制大部分资本密集型产业,这令我对中国的前景感到乐观。”2. Evenmorefarsightedisthenew,landmarkland-reformprogram,whichwouldmakeitpossibleforChinesepeasantstorentorleasetheirlandtooutsiders.SimplyfiguringoutwhoownswhichpropertiescanbeaByzantinetaskinChina,solandreformcouldtakedecades-butthe
3、ideaisalreadygeneratingexcitement.InNovember,real-estateconsultingfirmJonesLangLaSalleestimatedthatlandreformcouldunlockruralpropertyworthasmuchas$2.5trillion.LandreformwillbeChinaslastinglegacy,”saysJLLnationalresearchdirectorMichaelKlibaner.Turnningpeasantsintoland-owningconsumerscouldgoalongwayto
4、wardcreatingaconsumersociety,reducingChinasdependenceonexports,andrebalancingtheworldeconomy.更具远见的是新的、里程碑式的土地改革计划,让中国农民向外人(包括企业)出租土地或者租用土地成为一种可能。要搞清楚中国的财产所有权,可是一个错综复杂的问题,因此土地改革可能需要数十年时间,但这一想法已经让人兴奋。让农民变成拥有土地的消费者可以长时期大大推进创造一个消费型的社会,让中国减少对出口的依赖,让世界经济重获平衡。3. OnceChineseleaderssignalanewdirection,theyra
5、relywaver,saysRothman.WitnessthepoliticalbattleoverAmericanchargesthatChinaisdeliberatelyholdingdownthevalueoftheyuantoboostitsexports,achargethatignoresthegradual21.5%riseintheyuanthathadalreadytakenplacebetweenthesummerof2005and2008.Whiletheyuandidfallabitinrecentmonths,mosteconomistsbelieveBeijin
6、gwillcontinuetoallowamodestappreciation,weighingitsneedforexportcompetitivenessagainsttheworldsneedformorebalancedtradeflows.以推进出口,却看不到在2005年夏天到2008年间人民币逐渐升值21.5%。尽管人民币最近贬值了一些,但大多数经济学家相信北京会继续容许温和的升值,在出口竞争力与世界对更平衡的贸易流的Unit21. Financialinstitutionsthathadseemedassolidasgranitedisappearedasiftheywereno
7、moresubstantialthanabunchofflowersinthehandsofanold-stylemagician.原本坚如磐石的金融机构也消失了,似乎还不如老套的魔术师变的花束看起来真实。2. Asbillionsofpoorpeoplebecomemoreprosperous,theywillbeabletoaffordthecomfortstheircounterpartsintherichworldhavelongconsideredthenormalappurtenancesoflife.随着几十亿的贫苦人们开始变得富有起来,他们也将能够支付得起发达国家的人们所拥有过
8、的享受,而这些享受长久以来在富人们眼中仅仅是普通的生活附属品而已。3. Theworldisinamuchbetterstatethanmanyexpecteditwouldbeayearago.现在世界的状况比一年前我们所想象的要好的多。4. ThoughEuropeiswheezingundercascadingsovereign-debtcrises,ithassofaravoidedtheworst-casescenariosacollapseoftheeuro,adebtcrisisthatspillsfromsmalleconomiessuchasGreeceandIrelandt
9、omuchbiggeroneslikeItalyandSpain,andbittersocialunrestinthosenationsthatarehavingtomassagewagesdownwhilecuttingpublicbudgets。尽管欧洲一直在一重接一重的主权外债危机下苟延残喘,但是它到目前为止已经避免了最糟糕的状况欧元崩溃、债务危机从希腊和爱尔兰这样小的经济体蔓延到意大利和西班牙这样大得多的经济体,以及一些国家剧烈的社会骚乱,这些国家在缩减公共预算的同时不得不减少薪资。5. Mosteconomistsexpectthereboundtoflattenoutin2011,
10、withgrowthlikelytobelowerthanin2010.Inmid-January,theWorldBankestimatedglobalGDPgrowthwillslowto3.3%in2011from3.9%in2010.大多数经济学家预计2011年经济反弹会逐渐变平,经济增长也可能会低于2010年。一月中旬,世界银行估测全球GDP增长将由2010年的3.9%下降到2011年的3.3%。6. InBritain,deepcutsinthebudgetmandatedbyPrimeMinisterDavidCameronwillmostlikelycosthundredsof
11、thousandsofpublic-sectorjobs.IntheU.S.,themiserableconditionofstateandlocalgovernmentsbudgetsislikewiseleadingtoajob-killingretrenchment.Europesimpositionofausterityhasledtoheightenedpoliticalconflict.Ballooningdebtsandfeeblegrowthprospectsfortheadvancedeconomiesarereorderingtheinvestorsperceptionof
12、risk.在英国,首相戴维卡梅伦大幅削减预算很可能会导致几十万人失业。在美国,国家和地方政府糟糕的预算同样也会导致工作岗位的紧缩。欧洲采取的财政紧缩政策也加剧了政治冲突。日渐高筑的债台以及发达经济体的疲软经济增长前景让投资者们开始重新审视风险。7. U.S.politicians,withaneartotheirconstituents,arelobbyingforprotectivetariffsifChinadoesnotallowitscurrencytoappreciate.U.S.businesses,whichhaveinthepastbeensupportiveoffreetra
13、deandengagementwithChina,arebeginningtosingwithdifferentvoices.如果中国不允许人民币升值,愿意听从选民意见的美国政客们将会游说保护性关税。而且,那些过去大力支持与中国进行自由贸易和合作的商业家们也开始唱反调。8. IntheU.S.andEurope,acertainhelplessnessinthefaceofhugeeconomicforcesisfuelingadisaffectionwhichmakesitselffeltindifferentwaysindifferentsocietieswiththeglobalfina
14、ncialelitesandthepolicymakerswhoarethoughttohaveconnivedwiththem.在美国和欧洲,面对巨大经济压力却无能为力的现象正激起着人们对全球的金融精英以及决策者的不满,认为金融精英与决策者们沆瀣一气,这种不满在不同社会表现形式不同。9. Howcanadisaffectionwithglobalcapitalisminthedevelopedworldbepreventedfromturningintoabacklashagainstit?.如何阻止人们对发达国家倡导的全球资本主义的不满演变为强烈抵制?。10. Thespiritofcam
15、araderieforgedintheearlydaysofthefinancialcrisisallthehopefulmeetingsandoptimisticcommuniqusoftheG-20hasbeenreplacedbyevery-country-for-itselfthinking.AsnationsscrambletoprotecttheirownpeoplefromthecontinuedfalloutoftheGreatRecession,thethreatofcurrencyandtradewarshasbecomeveryreal.早期金融危机铸就的互助友爱的精神2
16、0国集团所有的充满希望的会议和振奋人心的公告都被各国自私利己的想法替代了。由于各国面对日趋严峻的大萧条境况,都急于保护本国人民的利益,因此货币和贸易之战已成为非常现实的威胁。11. Aminorityisseentohaveharvestedadisproportionateamountofthefruits.Issuesofeconomicdisparityandequityatboththenationalandinternationallevelsarebecomingincreasinglyimportant.Politically,therearesignsofresurgentna
17、tionalismandpopulismaswellassocialfragmentation.“全球化带来的好处似乎分布不均衡,”报告表明,“小部分地区似乎付出与收获并不成比例。国内和国际水平的经济差距与公平越来越重要政治上,有民族主义,民粹主义以及社会分裂抬头的迹象。”。12. Noneofthesedivisionsbetweenandwithinnationsareonesthathavetolastforever.Butitwilltakehardworkandcreativitybothwithindiscretepolitiesandininternationalforumsif
18、theyarenottocloudwhatshouldbethehappyprospectofaworldinwhichmany,manymorepeoplelivelivesthatarefulfillingandcomfortable.Wecanseethatmeadowattheendofthewoods.Butwearentinityet.国际和国内的这些分歧,没有一个会永远存在。世界的前景是美好的越来越多的人们生活的非常充实与舒适,如果不想破坏如此美好的未来,他们就必须在解决国际与国内事务上努力工作,发挥创造力。我们已经可以看到灌木丛深处的草木了,但是我们仍旧未进入到那个世界。Uni
19、t31. HegaveupoptionstobuythousandsoflotsthatthefirmhadsnappedupacrossArizona,Florida,NevadaandCaliforniaduringtheboom,takingmassivelosses.他没有买下经济繁荣时期公司在亚利桑那州、佛罗里达州、内华达州和加州搜罗到的房产,因此损失惨重。2. Banksarealsolesswillingtolend:theyhavetightenedloanstandards,withapushfromregulatorswhonowwishtheyhadtakenadimme
20、rviewofexoticmortgagesandlaxlendingduringtheboom.银行也不太愿意借贷银行已提高了他们的贷款发放标准,背后则是监管者的敦促。监管者们对于当初经济繁荣的时候没有更加谨慎的对待境外抵押贷款和实行宽松的借贷政策后悔不已。3. Normally,deeprecessionsarefollowedbystrongrecoveriesaspent-updemandreassertsitself.一般情况下,经济萧条之后是强劲的复苏,因为累积已久的消费需求会重新发挥作用。或一般情况下,随着消费需求不断累积,重新发挥作用,经济萧条之后是强劲的复苏。4. Inthe
21、recoverytheeconomymightthereforebeexpectedtogrowby6-8%andunemploymenttofallsteadily,ashappenedaftertwoearlierrecessionsofcomparabledepth,in1973-75and1981-82.因此在经济复苏的过程中,经济总量可能会按照预估的6-8%的速度增长,失业率会持续下跌,1973-75和1981-82的两次经济危机都与本次经济危机严重程度相似,也证明了这一点。5.Butthisparticularrecessionwastriggeredbyafinancialcri
22、sisthatdamagedthefinancialsystemsabilitytochannelsavingstoproductiveinvestmentandleftconsumersandbusinessesstrugglingwithsurplusbuildings,equipmentanddebtaccumulatedintheboom.但是由于本次经济萧条是由金融危机引发的,后者严重削弱了金融体制有效分流投资的能力,使消费者和企业疲以应对(费力挣扎)在经济繁荣期积累下的多余建筑、装备和债务(中)。6.SoifAmericaistoavoidthestagnationthataffl
23、ictedJapanafteritsbubblesburst,whereisthedemandgoingtocomefrom?所以美国若想避免日本经济泡沫破碎之后出现的经济停滞,应该到哪里寻找强劲的需求呢?7.Astrengtheningdollarandamplesupplykeptoilcheapformostofthe1990s,feedingAmericasaddictiontoimports.Thatbegantochangeafewyearsbeforethecrisisasthedollarfellandemergingmarketsgrowingappetiteputpress
24、ureonglobalproductioncapacity.强势的美元和充足的供应使得二十世纪九十年代的油价维持在较低水平,使美国过分依赖进口,而由于美元的贬值和新兴市场的强劲需求共同给全球能源生产能力施加了压力,这一状况在此次危机爆发之前的几年里开始改变。8. Forthepresenttheriseofknowledge-intensiveglobalindustriesfavourscentresrichininfrastructureandspecialisedskills.SomearetraditionalurbancoressuchasNewYorkandsomearesubur
25、banedgecitiesthatofferjobsalongwithaffordablehousesandshortcommutes.现在全球范围内不断崛起额知识密集型产业更加青睐那些拥有优良基础设施和熟练专业技能的城市中心。有一些是传统的城市核心比如纽约,另一些是近郊的城市,它们可以为市民提供就业机会和价格公道的房屋,上下班所需时间也不长。9. Spendingonequipmentisexpectedtobefairlystrong,havinglargelyavoidedexcessintheboomperiod,andindeedinthefourthquarterof2009itr
26、acedaheadatanannualrateof19%.因为在经济繁荣期很大程度上已经避免了产能过剩的情况,对于仪器设备的消费应该会十分强劲。实际上在2009年第四季度,该项消费的年增长率达到了19%。10. Competitionfromlow-wagecountries,mostlyChina,hasincreasinglytakenoverthemarketsofdomesticindustriessuchasfurniture,clothingorconsumerelectronics.Yetshiftsinthepatternofglobalgrowthandthedollarar
27、elayingthegroundworkforaboominexports.来自低工资国家这一次,赤字更大,世界其他各国经济更加不景气。经济年增速如果能够稳定在3%的水平也属不易,因为这会使美国的对外负债率逐渐下降。11. Thistimethedeficitstartedoutalotlargerandtherestoftheworldisweaker.Still,evenstabilisationaround3%wouldbeablessedreliefbecauseitwouldslowthegrowthinAmericasindebtednesstoforeigners.这一次,赤字更
28、大,世界其他各国经济更加不景气。经济年增速如果能够稳定在3%的水平也属不易,因为这会使美国的对外负债率逐渐下降。Unit41. IfEuropewantstobecomeaglobalpowertorivaltheU.S.andChinathenitneedstostopactinglikeacollectionofrich,insularstatesandstartfightingforitsbeliefs.若欧洲想成为可以匹敌美中两国的全球大国,那么欧洲各国就再不能表现得像一群富有而又不问世事的乌合之众,而要开始为自己的信念而奋斗。2. Europhilesdustedofftheirfa
29、miliardream:ofanewlyemboldenedworldpowersteppinguptocalmtroublespots,usingaidandpersuasionwhereitcould,butpreparedtosendintroopswhenithadto.欧盟的支持者们的旧梦重焕光彩:以崭新的姿态成为一个更为果敢的世界超级大国,尽量采用援助或劝解的方式解决麻烦争端,不得已时也要准备动用武装力量。3. Atthesametime,U.S.PresidentBarackObamaannouncedhewouldbeskippinganE.U.-U.S.confabinSpa
30、ininMay,frustrated,itappeared,withtheendlesssummitrythatgoeswithaccommodatingtheE.U.与此同时,美国总统奥巴马宣布他将缺席5月份在西班牙举行的欧盟-美国会议,似乎是因为讨论欧洲议题时没完没了的首脑峰会让他泄气。4. Thedreamdidntlastamonth.AttheclimatechangeconferenceinCopenhageninDecember,itwasChinaandtheU.S.whohaggledoverafinaldeal,whileEuropesatonthesidelines.In
31、steadofaforeignpolicytriumph,2010beganwithanunseemlysquabbleoverwhetherornottobailoutGreece,whosedebthasdraggeddownEuropescurrency.好梦持续了不到一个月。在12月份的哥本哈根气候变化大会上,中美两国促成了最后协议,而欧洲则袖手旁观。2010年欧洲外交政策并无建树,而是年初一开始就为了是否对希腊施以援手争吵不休,希腊债务已经拖累了欧元。5. ThenewsetuplookslikeaparodyofallthatiswrongwiththeE.U.,bureaucra
32、ticandcomplicated,builtonleast-badoptionsandseeminglydesignedtoencourageturfwarsratherthanaction.从这个新机构的身上能找到欧盟所有弊端的影子,办事官僚、机构复杂,作出的决定都是属于“最不坏的决定”,这种设计看上去就是有利于互相扯皮、推诿责任;而非鼓励采取行动。6. OneseniorEuropeanofficialfretsthatwhenitcomestotheEUprojectingitself,thechoiceofVanRompuyandAshtonmeansthegroupingwillh
33、avetoreconcileitselftofiveyearsofunderperformance.一个高级欧洲官员感到烦恼的是,就欧盟要表达自身诉求而言,既已选择范龙佩和阿什顿,这样的组合就意味着欧洲不得不接受未来五年内表现不会如意。7. ThemodernconceptionofaunitedEuropewasbornintheembersofWorldWarIIandresteduponthenotionthatbindingGermanysfortunestothoseofFranceandtherestofEuropecouldendtheviolencethathadregular
34、lyengulfedthecontinentforcenturies.在二战的余烬中产生了一个联合的欧洲的现代构想,并认为将德国的命运与法国、以及欧洲其他国家的命运捆绑在一起,可以结束几个世纪以来绵绵不断的欧洲战乱。8. Beyonditsneighborhood,however,theEUhasrarelypuncheditscollectiveweight.Themainreasonforthat,ofcourse,isthatmemberstatesstillliketodefendandpursuetheirownnationalinterests,ratherthansubsumet
35、heminamultinationalbody.TheresalsoacaseandplentyinEuropemakeitthatEuropeisbetteroffcontinuingtoaimlow.然而,除了在周围地区出出声气,欧盟很少集体发力。当然主要的原因,是各成员国仍喜欢追逐本国利益、为本国利益辩护,而非将本国利益纳入多国机构体中考量。还有一个情况就是这样想的欧洲人多的是欧洲目标降低点日子会更好过。9. InAfrica,India,LatinAmerica,leaderswouldfalloverthemselvestoengagecloselywithapowerthatisn
36、eithertheUSnorChinabothnationscancomeacrossastoopowerful,tooproselytizingoftheirownvalues,toopronetoseetheirinteractionwithotherssolelyintermsoftheirownnationalinterests.在非洲、印度和拉丁美洲,国家领导人不遗余力地拉拢美国中国以外的大国,美国和中国一样,都让人感觉太强大、太容易改变自己的信仰价值观,太明显地表现出与别国交往时只单纯考虑自己国家的利益。10. Europehaddonemuchoftherunningonglob
37、alclimate-changepolicy,settingcarbon-reductiontargets,introducingthefirstmarketsinwhichcarboncouldbetraded,leadingthewayonexploitinggreenerenergysources.欧洲在制定全球气候政策上出了不少力,如设立碳削减目标、引入第一批碳交易市场和带头进行更环保能源的开发.11. EuropeanleadersarrivedintheDanishcapitalgivingtheimpressionthatsettinganexamplewouldbeenough
38、topersuadeothersintomakingconcessions.Buttheconferencetookadifferentturn.Agroupofdevelopingcountriesthreatenedtowalkout.Withnegotiationsonthevergeofcollapse,ObamaenteredaroomwheredelegatesfromChinaweremeetingthosefromBrazil,IndiaandSouthAfrica.TheystruckadealandthenpresentedittoEuropeandotherpartici
39、pants.欧洲各国首脑到达了丹麦首都,给人的印象是以身作则就足以说服别国进行让步。但是气候会议议程起了变化,一些发展中国家威胁要退出会议,谈判处于崩溃边缘.此时中国代表们与巴西、印度和南非的代表们共室商讨,奥巴马走进加入,一起达成了协议并提交给欧洲及其他与会国.12. Inabitterirony,itisoneofmodernEuropescherishedconvictionsthattheforceofarmsrarelysettlespoliticalforlongthatinhibitsitfrombeingamorepowerfulplayer.有点讽刺意味的是,现代欧洲人较为珍
40、视的一个信念,是武装力量几乎无法永久解决政治争端的,正是这样的信仰使欧洲未能向更强政治大国迈进一步。13. “ThedemilitarizationofEuropewherelargeswathsofthegeneralpublicandpoliticalclassareaversetomilitaryforceandtherisksthatgowithithasgonefromablessinginthe20thcenturytoanimpedimenttoachievingrealsecurityandlastingpeaceinthe21st.”在“去军事化”的欧洲,各民众团体和政治阶层
41、都反对军事力量干预及其潜在危险。去军事化在20世纪是以阻碍军事行动为准绳,到了21世纪目的是获得真正的长久的安全、和平。14. ButsincetheendoftheColdWar,ithassteppedbackfromtheEU,regularlytakingadifferentpathwhenEuropeattemptedaunifiedpolicynotablyduringthefinancialcrisisin2008and2009),andstrengtheningtieswithRussia,tothechagrinofBritainandFrance.但是自从冷战结束后,它就从
42、欧盟退却:在欧洲试图于2008-2009年经融危机实行统一政策时,它不时地另辟蹊径,并加强了与俄罗斯的关系,令英法懊恼不已。15. OthersnoticethefailureoftheEUtofindasinglevoice.InsteadoftacklingthatfailinganobviouspriorityforthiscenturyEuropehasspentmuchofthepastfewmonthsobsessingoverhowWashingtonviewsit.其余国家也注意到欧洲未能同声同气。但是欧洲并未去着手解决这个本世纪最首要任务,而是在过去的几个月花了很多时间纠结于
43、美国如何看待自己。Unit61. Smoot-Hawleyhasbecomeareliablepunchlinebecauseitissoregularlyandhyperbolicallyinvokedinthedebateoverinternationaltrade,adebatethathasreignitedrecentlyasAmericasjoblessrecoverydragson.在国际贸易中,斯姆特-霍利关税法已经引发了诸多争论,最近更成为美国就业市场恢复缓慢的罪魁祸首。2. AnewlyreleasedWallStreetJournal/NBCNewspollfoundth
44、at53%oftheAmericanpublicnowbelievesthatfree-tradeagreementshavehurttheU.S.,upfrom46%threeyearsagoand32%in1999.华尔街日报和国家广播公司最近公布的民调发现,53%的美国公众认为,自由贸易协定伤害了美国,而2007年和1999年持这种观点的人分别为46%和32%。3. Ifwewanttoavoidthesortofdestructive,beggar-thy-neighbortradewarsthatcontributedtobringingdowntheworldeconomyinth
45、e1930s,wehavetodrawtherightlessonsfromthischapterofourhistory.如果我们想要避免这种将全球经济拉下马、“以邻为壑”的贸易大战,我们必须从历史中好好地汲取教训。4. Thatsaid,theSmoot-Hawleytarifffullydeservesitsnotoriety.Itwasanill-timedandill-judgedpieceoflegislationthatbackfiredspectacularly.斯姆特-霍利关税法臭名昭著,完全是一部在不合适时机提出的有欠思考的法案,完全起到了与初衷相反的作用.5. Theta
46、riffwasoriginallyproposedtohelpAmericanfarmers,whoexperiencedalongdownturnafterenjoyinghighpricesduringtheboomyearsofWorldWarI.Lowfarmpricesledtoseverefinancialdistressandmortgagedefaults.Congresssfirstreactionwastopassagriculturalpricesupportstoboostfarmincome,butPresidentCalvinCoolidgetwicevetoedt
47、hislegislation.这部关税法起初是为了帮助在一战时经历了良好发展势头后长期遭受经济低迷的美国农场主,农业价格走低导致严重的财政困境和抵押违约情况。国会的第一反应是通过农业价格补贴法案以增加农民收入,但总统柯立芝两次否定了这部法案。6. ItishighlyunlikelythattheU.S.willrevertbacktoaSmoot-Hawleymindset.Thecountryismuchmoreintegratedintotheworldeconomythanitwasthen,anditiswidelyunderstoodthattradedisruptionswoul
48、dbemuchmorecostly.美国不可能再重拾斯姆特-霍利关税法,其与世界经济的联系更加紧密,众所周知,破坏贸易需要付出的代价也更高。7. ThoughsomestillclaimthattradesanctionsonChinawouldcreatejobsintheU.S.,themorelikelyeffectwouldbetosendthosejobstootherdevelopingcountrieswithlowwages.TheObamaadministrationspunitivetariffoncheaptiresfromChina,imposedlatelastyear,hashadnoimpactondomestictireproductionandemployment.ThechiefbeneficiarieshavebeentireproducersinThailandandSouthKorea,whoseexportstotheU.S.havesurgedtoreplacethosefromChina.尽管一些人依然宣称对中国进行贸易制裁将在美国创造更多就业机会,但这些机会更有可能发生在低工资的发展中国家。奥巴马政府2009年末对中国廉价轮胎施行的惩罚性关税