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1、2022届新高考英语考前冲刺卷试卷一（新高考I ）第一局部 阅读理解（共两节，总分值50分）第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值37.5分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AThese destinations march to the beat of their own drum. So put on your dancing shoes and head to these sweet-sounding cities.New OrleansIn the 19th century, slaves gathered on Sundays to play d
2、rums, dance and sing in Congo Square. Those lively rhythms of Africa ran head on with the sounds of Europe to create jazz, a typical American art form that has inspired generations of Americans and spread around the globe. But this isnt suit-wearing, head-nodding, polite jazz. New Orleans jazz sweep
3、s you off your feet and makes you jump and clap and sing along.ChicagoLarge numbers of African Americans left the South in search of better opportunities during 19161970 and Chicago attracted scores of these people, who brought with them the sound of the Mississippi River. Here, it changed into some
4、thing sad and symphonic: blues. Blues was not born in Chicago, but it was here that it found a new voice and began to spread its message around the world.MemphisMemphis is the birthplace of rock and roll. It was here in Sun Studios in the summer of 1951 that Ike Turner and his band the Delta Cats re
5、corded Rocket 88, widely regarded as the first rock and roll song But, like so many great things, it happened by accident the guitarists loudspeaker broke down during the recording, creating a unique guitar sound that would become a hallmark of the music. People didn/t know how to classify it, but t
6、hey knew they loved it. The rest is history.New York CityNew York is one of the worlds greatest cities where you can listen to all kinds of music. But toadvocates for each of their daughters, and they make sure each child knows how special and loved they are.In February of 2009, Bethany entered into
7、 the care of Child Protective Services due to her mothers inability to care for her and her brothers and sisters. Her experiences made it very difficult for her to trust adults, since she learned from an early age that she could only count on herself. She lived in a shelter for several months before
8、 moving into a foster home （寄养家庭）. Still, Bethany struggled to understand why she had been taken away from the only family she had known. In May of 2010, Bethany was placed at Helping Hand Home for Childrens Residential Treatment Center; where her journey to returning to normal finally began. With t
9、he patience, support, and guidance of the Helping Hand Home staff, Bethany developed healthy, appropriate ways to express her emotions. She was taught to respect herself, and she learned that it was okay to trust others.When Bethany was introduced to the Lansing family in June of 2012, the meeting d
10、id not go as smoothly as everyone hoped. Bethanys insecurities resurfaced due to the suffering she experienced at such a young age, and she refused to talk or even look at the Lansings at their first meeting.注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。But the Lansing family had no intention to give up.Late
11、r,Bethany experienced alot of exciting things.答案以及解析第一局部阅读理解给 -+*第一下A答案：l.B; 2,D; 3.C解析：1.推理判断题。根据 New Orleans 一节中Those lively rhythms of Africa ran head on with the sounds of Europe to create jazz, a typical American art form that has inspired generations of Americans and spread around the globe1爵士
12、乐是一种典型的美国艺术形式,它激励了一代又 一代的美国人,并传播到了世界各地。）及Chicago 一节中Large numbers of African Americans left the South in search of better opportunities during 1916-1970 and Chicago attracted scores of these people, who brought with them the sound of the Mississippi River. Here, it changed into something sad and sym
13、phonic: blues. （19161970年间，大批非裔美国人为了寻找更好的机会 离开了南方，艺加哥吸引了大量的非裔美国人，他们带来了密西西比河的声音。在这里，它变成 了悲伤和交响乐:布鲁斯。）可推断,爵士及布鲁斯音乐的起源很相似渚K是源于美国。应选B。 2.细节理解题。根据 Memphis 一节中It was here in Sun Studios in the summer of 195 that Ike Turner and his band the Delta Cats recorded Rocket88, widely regarded as the first rock an
14、d roll song.（1951年夏天，艾克特纳和他的乐队三角洲猫在太阳录音棚录制了火箭88，这首歌 被广泛认为是第一首摇滚歌曲。）可知，摇滚乐是在20世纪中期诞生的。应选D。2 .细节理解题。根据 New York City 一节中But to experience a true New York state of mind, you have to leave the shiny towers and Broadway shows of Manhattan and head to Harlem, the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Queens to explore the
15、 citys hip-hop history.（但要体验真正的纽约精神状态/尔必 须离开曼哈顿闪亮的高楼和百老汇表演，前往哈莱姆区、布朗克斯、布鲁克林和皇后区，探索 这座城市的嘻哈历史。）可知，哈莱姆区和皇后区以嘻哈文化而著名。应选C。B答案：4.B; 5.A; 6.D; 7.A解析:4.推理判断题。根据第二段“At that time she was teaching students how to use programs like InDesign and Photoshop. Students found the programs hard to learn, and even har
16、der to use. She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.（当时她正在教学生如何使用InDesign和Photoshop等程序。学生们发现这些程序很 难学习，甚至更难使用。她想象设计的未来完全不同。它将是在线的，非常简单。）可知当帕金 斯在教学生们使用程序时，看到他们很难学会也很难使用这个程序，因此萌生了研发简单的在 线图形设计程序的想法。应选B项。5 .细节理解题。根据第三段“after all, she and Cliff Obr
17、echt, another co-founder of the company, were just university students with no funding and no technical or entrepreneurial（仓业的） knowledge need to create the product and the company.（毕竟,她和该公司的另一位联合创始 人克利夫奥布雷希特只是大学生，没有资金，也没有技术或创业经验知识需要创造产品和公 司。）由with no funding，可知,在创业初期他们遇到的困难之一是缺少资金。应选A项。6 .推理判断题。根据第
18、二段She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.（她想象设计的未来完全不同。它将是在线的俳常简单。）和 第三段 Perkins got the idea of creating a great new product. At the time, it was just a dream”（珀 金斯想到了创造一个伟大的新产品。当时，这只是一个梦）,可知帕金斯在看到学生的需求时想 到了研发简单的程序，而且根据公司的成功可知，她有商业头脑。应选D项。7
19、 .推理判断题。根据第四段“However, what Melanie and her then friend Obrecht（now husband）did have was determination.（然而，梅兰妮和她当时的朋友奥布雷希特（现在的丈夫） 所拥有的是决心。）以及倒数第三段内容，可知当遇到困难时帕金斯和她的丈夫显示出了不泄 气、不放弃、寻找方法继续前行的品质。应选A项。C答案：8.B; 9.D; 10.C; 11.A解析:8.推理判断题。根据第二段A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology,
20、 found that communication interactions that included voice created stronger social relationships than communication through typing.（发表在实验心理学杂志上的一项新研究 发现，与打字交流相比，包括声音在内的交流互动能创造更强的社会关系。）可知，新的研究发 现,有声音的交流能建立更强的社会关系,只有B选项A video chat（视频聊天）”的交流有声音 的参与，其他选项都是文字交流,因此,B选项符合题意。应选B项。9细节理解题。根据第三段In the first o
21、ne, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what itd be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other. Although people expected that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone*s voice actually made the experience
22、better.（在第个实验中，他们 让200人预测通过电子邮件或 与老朋友重新联系会是什么样子，然后随机分配一些人去 做其中一项或另一项。虽然人们认为打 会更尴尬，但听到别人的声音实际上会让体验更 好。）可知，在第一个实验中渗加者预测打 可能会更尴尬。应选D项。10 .细节理解题。根据最后一段A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message/ she explains. Each party is more present, and therefore, able t
23、o understand the meaning behind the content without thinking over the endless possible meanings behind words and punctuation（她解释说:“考虑到短信的实际影响,打 实际上更方便。每 一方都更有参与感，因此,能够理解内容背后的含义，而不必考虑词语和标点符号背后可能存 在的无尽含义。）可知,Sabrina Romanoff认为打 更方便的原因是它让彼此更容易被理 解。应选C项。11 .主旨大意题。根据第一段“But according to science, if you w
24、ant to feel more connected to the people youre talking to, you should call them instead of texting.（但科学说明，如果你想和谈话对 象建立更紧密的联系，你应该给他们打 而不是发短信。）和第二段A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication interactions that included voice created stronger social relatio
25、nships than communication through typing.（发表在 实验心、 理学杂志上的一项新研究发现，与打字交流相比,包括声音在内的交流互动能创造更强的社 会关系。）可知，文章主要讲述新的研究发现，有声音的交流能建立更强的社会关系，打 比 发短信更容易让人们建立紧密的关系。所以A选项Should We Call Instead of Texting（我们应 该打 而不是发短信吗?）概括了文章内容,适合作为文章标题。应选A项。D答案：12-15 BBAB解析：12.细节理解题。 根据首句 Despite their endless social activities,
26、 closely packed urban environments often come with the hidden phenomenon of increased loneliness.可知， 密集的城 市环境常常伴随着隐藏的孤独感增加的现象。因此，B项“在城市里孤独是一个日益严重的 威胁”符合题意。应选B。13 .推理判断题。 根据第三段 In addition to questions about overcrowding and social inclusion（融入），the volunteers were asked about their natural surroundi
27、ngs, such as Can you see trees, plants and water right now?”可知，社会调查主要关注的是找到城市中 孤独的根源。应选Bo.细节理解题。根据第四段 When people were able to interact with green spaces or hear birds or see the sky, however, loneliness dropped by 28%.可知，亲近大自然可以帮助减少城市 孤独。应选A。14 .推理判断题。 根据最后段 high-quality green and blue spaces such
28、as parks and rivers in dense urban areas, can also be critical in improving our own well-being and reducing feelings of isolation.可知，公园绿地可以提高我们的幸福，减少孤独感，使我们更加积极的对待生活。应选Bo第一下答案：16-20 DEBGF解析：16.空前及空后提到坚果中的脂肪、植物纤维等营养元素及其益处可知,D项“这些营 养素对你的健康非常重要“正好起到了承上启下的作用。17 .根据空前And they don*t have to be fresh to be
29、 healthy.及空后If you can get canned fruits or vegetables that dont have a lot of salt or sugar, thats fine, too.可知,E 项,如果你能吃上冷藏 的水果或蔬菜那当然好符合。18 .本段主要是讲加工过的肉类中盐含量过高的问题,故B项减少消费加工过的肉类”适合作 主题句。19 .根据空前的关键词sugary drinks及空后对含糖饮料的警示可知,G项“通过饮料摄入过多的 糖是最糟糕的符合。20 .因为空项处于文章的末尾,很可能是对全文进行总结。故F项坚持吃新鲜的，尽量防止摄 入过多的糖和盐“
30、符合。第二局部语言知识运用第一节答案：21-25 BADCA 26-30 BCADB 31-35 CDBAC解析：21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，旅游业为巴 厘岛提供了成千上万的就业机会。A.improves改善；B.employs使用，雇佣；C.amuses逗乐； 0.guarantees 保证。 根据上文 “More than half of Balis economic profits comes from tourism which”可知，巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，说明旅游业给巴厘岛的居民提供了 许多就业机会，应选B。22 .考查动词短语辨析
31、。句意：随着越来越多的人返回村庄，更多的垃圾堆积起来。A.piled up 堆积；B.usedup 用完；C.putup 提供；D.cleaned up 清理。 根据上文 “And with more people returning to the villages, more trash,可知返回村庄的人多了，垃圾也就堆积起来了。应选A。23 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么多人失业,他们也在挨饿。A.thirsty 口渴的;B.crazy 疯狂的;C.exhausted筋疲力尽的;D.hungry饥饿的。根据上文“With so many people out of work”以及后文提供
32、食物的工程，可知人们失业在挨饿。应选D。24 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：乌布镇的餐馆老板Made Janur Yasa表示，他想找到一种方法, 在疫情期间帮助社区的人们，同时解决持续存在的塑料污染问题。A.raising提升；B.sharing 提供;C.addressing 讲话,解决;D.producing 产生。根据后文 “the ongoing problem of plastic pollution”指解决塑料污染问题，应用address.应选C。25 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个工程，让当地村民用塑料换大米一一这 是一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A.s
33、tarted开始，启动；B.quit停止； C.accepted 接受；D.supported 支持。根据后文 “a program where local villagers could exchange plastic for rice一a barter system that would”指启动了一个让当地村民用塑料换大米的工程, 应用start。应选A。26 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个工程，让当地村民用塑料换大米一这是 一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A.renew重新开始；B.benefit受益； C.destroy 破坏；D.threaten 威胁。根
34、据上文 “local villagers could exchange plastic for ricev 可 知，村民可以用塑料换大米，所以是有利于环境的，应选B。27 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：居民可以上交他们提供的塑料垃圾，以换取主要的主食。A.threw 扔;B. re moved 移开；C.collected 收集:D.witnessed 目击。根据上文“Residents can turn in plastic trash they”指上交提供的塑料垃圾。后文uand collected v也是提示。应选C。28 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年5月，他在他出生和长大的村庄主持
35、了第一次交换。A.hosted 主持；B.cancelled 取消；C. approached 靠近；D.impressed 印象深刻。根据上文 “the first exchange in the village where he was born and raised” 指主持第一次垃圾换大米活动，应 用hosto应选Ao.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一成功的概念迅速传播到整个巴厘岛的其他村庄。A.principle 原贝U； B.definition 定义；C.knowledge 知识;D.concept 概念。结合上文 “the environment and empower the l
36、ocal people可知“垃圾换大米”这一想法对环境和当地人都有益，所以是成 功的概念。应选D。29 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：该工程将当地名为Banjars的社区组织聚集在一起，从他们的 家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料。A.sets up建立；B.brings together集合，聚 集；C.picks out 选出；D.depends on 取决于。 根据后文“local neighborhood groups called Banjars that collect plastic from their homes, streets, rivers, beaches and
37、surrounding areas ”可知， 当士也 的社区都开始从他们的家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料，说明工程把这些都聚 集在了一起，应选B。30 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：村庄每月举行一次社区交换活动，居民可以拿塑料换大米。 A.practices 实践；B.contests 竞赛；C.events 事件，活动；D.beliefs 信念。根据后文“once a month” 可知交换活动每月一次，应用event。应选C。31 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭， 并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A.inspire激励；B.distu
38、rb打搅；C.affect影响；D.feed喂养。 根据后文thousands of families可知，垃圾换大米”帮助养活了数千个家庭。应选D。32 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭， 并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A.hardly几乎不；B.nearly差不多；C.barely几乎不； D.obviously显然。根据后文300 tons of plastic for recyclingv可知此处是在描述收集到的垃 圾大概数量，nearly表示“差不多，将近”符合语境。应选B。33 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我前进的动力，看到他们
39、都很兴奋。A.going前进； B.passing 通过；Crushing 猛冲；D.recording 记录，根据后文 “to see them all excited about it” 可知，Yasa看到人们对此都积极参与，感到兴奋，有了继续前进的动力，应选A。34 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们感到力不从心，而这给了他们希望A.confidence自信； B.responsibility 责任;C.hope 希望;D.respeet 尊重。根据上文“They were feeling powerless, and this gives them以及上文描述的工程所取得的成就可知，这一
40、活动给了当地人生活下去的 希望。应选C。第二节答案：36. peacefully 37. by 38. was accepted 39. studying 40. Armed 41. where 42. first 43. accomplishments 44. more 45. scientific解析：36.考查副词。句意：周五晚上，他在家中平静地去世。空格处用副词peacefully修 饰动词 died,故填 peacefullyo.考查介词和固定短语。句意：里克身后留下了儿子和儿媳。由his son and daughter-in-law 可知，儿子和儿媳比里克活的时间长survive
41、意为“比活得久”，句子用被动语态，因此 空格处是表示被动的by,故填by。37 .考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：15岁时，他被加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理学专业录取, 但为了参军而推迟了学习。根据语境可知，他是被加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理学专业录取, 且由at 5 years old可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即 was/ were done,主语 He 是单数,因此空格处是 was accepted,故填 was acceptedo.考查动名词。句意：15岁时，他被加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理学专业录取，但为了参军 而推迟了学习。delay doing,是固定短语，意
42、为“推迟做某事，因此空格处用动名词作宾 语，故填 studyingo38 .考查过去分词。句意：拥有控制系统博士学位的里克在美泰玩具公司Mattel Toys担任测 试工程师，在那里他创造性地设计了一个音乐娃娃。分析可知，句子谓语是went,空格处 是非谓语形式，由固定短语be armed with （装备有）可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故 填 Armed o.考查定语从句的引导词。句意：拥有控制系统博士学位的里克在美泰玩具公司Mattel Toys 担任测试工程师，在那里他创造性地设计了一个音乐娃娃。空格处引导非限制性定语从句， 从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词Mattel Toys是地点，因
43、此空格处用关系副词where,故填 whereo39 .考查序数词。句意:里克后来被聘为CSUN新成立的少数民族工程工程的电气工程副教授, 成为整个CSU系统中第一位黑人工程系主任。the后跟序数词，one的序数词是first,意为 “第一”,故填 first。40 .考查名词的复数。句意：在他的许多开创性成就中，里克负责聘请更多的女性进入CSUN 的工程工程，比所有其他CSU学校的总和还要多。breaking是形容词，修饰名词，accomplish 的名词是accomplishment,意为,成就，前面有many,空格处用复数，故填accomplishmentSo 44.考查比拟级。句意：在
44、他的许多开创性成就中，里克负责聘请更多的女性进入CSUN的工 程工程，比所有其他CSUN学校的总和还要多。由后面的than可知，空格处用比拟级，根 据语境可知，句子表示“里克负责聘请更多的女性进入CSUN的工程工程“，空格处是“更多 的”,是more,故填more。45 .考查形容词。句意：为了保持他的调查思维，里克把他的尸体捐给了加州大学洛杉矶分 校用于科学研究。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词research, science的形容词是scientific, 意为科学的故填scientifico第三局部写作第一节答案：Dear Alex,I had just decided to be a
45、volunteer of the upcoming school sports meet when your email reached me. I am more than willing to inform you of some relevant information.As scheduled, the sports meet will last from December 19th to 21st in the school playground. Its volunteers duties will involve guarding the entrance, keeping or
46、der and assisting the judges in the field. The opportunity seldom knocks twice that we can have a good time together.So you are cordially invited to apply as a volunteer together. Im 100% sure that we will reap unforgettable memories.Yours,Li Hua 第二节 答案：But the Lansing family had no intention to giv
47、e up. They were patient with Bethany and explained that they wanted to get to know her better and hoped she would one day be part of their family. The other girls shared their stories of coming from the foster care system, and they told her how scared they had been about meeting a new family too and
48、 how happy they were now. Soon Bethanys anxiety eased, and she agreed to go and see her new home.Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things. From many hours spent at the neighborhood pool to her first trip to the beach, Bethany now lived the life every child deserves. The Lansings celebrate
49、d Bethanys 11th birthday with a superb cruise. When Bethany returns to Helping Hand Home to visit, the first thing everyone comments on is her self-confidence. The little girl who was once afraid to make eye contact is now a secure, funny young lady who would talk your ear off.解析：这是一篇记叙文,Josephine和Scott Lansing几年来相继收养了 Cloe