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1、中考语法复习一一动词不定式一、趋势研判。1. -Why dont you go out to play,Rose?(12)Im afraid I cant.I have much homework.A. do B. does C. doing D.to do2. He promise his old friend during his stay in Tianjin.(13)A. see B. seeing C. saw D.to see3. When you leave,please turn off the light energy.(14)A. save B. savingC.saved
2、D.to save4. My parents didnt allow me to the party.(15)A.goB. to goC. goesD. went1.1 wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera. (16)A. tookB. takes C. to takeD. taking6 .We only planned the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours. (17)A. watchB. wa
3、tchesC. to watchD. watched7 .Harry invited me with him when his parents were out of town.(18)A. stay B. staved C. staying D. to stay8 .The government is setting up nature parks protect pandas.(19)A. to help B. help C. helped D. helps9.1 ve just watched a TV programme about space. I hope on the moon
4、one day. (20)A. walkB. walked C. walking D. to walk10 .When I was young, my parents taught me older people kindly. (21)A. treats B. to treat C. treated D. treat11 .Tom/s mother told him eating too much meat.(11)A.stopping B. to stopC.stopsD.stopped二、理论支撑。M5动词不定式(1)：当我们要表示“想做某事、需要做某事 或决定做某事时，就会出现两个动词
5、连用的情况。像这种情况，行为动词后的动词采用了“to+”的结构。我们把这种结构称为 o它没有 和 的变化，在句中不能作谓语，所以它又被归为 动词中的一种。动词不定式的语法功能：首先，它可以在句中充当宾语成分，我们结合本模块中所出现的包含动词不定式的句子 来看一下：You know, I wanted （see） the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered （take） me there. We only planned （watch） for an hour.我们原先只打算看一个小时。I hope （understand） more next time.我希望
6、下次能懂得多一些。可以看出，以上句子里want, plan, hope动词后都连接了 to do sth.的不定式结构，这类动 词属于及物动词，动词不定式置于谓语动词之后作，表明想要、计划或希望要做（或 发生）的事。在英语中，并不是所有的动词在连用时都采用“动词+不定式”的形式。一般来说，用不 定式时，所表示的多为 的行为。但是，在具体使用中同学们还要注意记忆，因为动词不同，对其后动词形式的要求也不同。 常见的后面接“to十动词原形”作宾语的结构有： 计划做某事：决定做某事：想要做某事： 希望做某事：提出做某事：尽力努力做某事： 喜欢做某事：爱做某事：学习做某事： 双宾语：当我们表达给某人某物
7、时就出现了两个动作的承受者，一个是, 一个是, 那么在英语中该如何排列呢?请看下面的例句：（1） It tells us （人/物）the story of Wang Ufa （人/物）and the customers of his teahouse in Beijing. 该话剧五我们讲述的是北京一家茶馆的老板王利发和他的顾客们的故事。（2） Lao She Teahouse gives a warm welcome （人/物）to everyone （人/物）from all over the world. 老舍茶馆热情地欢迎来自世界各地的人们。可以看出，采用了动词+的表达方式，采用了动
8、词+的 方式。句中动词后面所接的是双宾语，其中人（第一句中的us与第二句中的everyone）为宾语，物（第一句中的the story和第二句中的a warm welcome）为 宾语。可以接双宾语的动词很多，常见的有:give, bring, lend,pass, send, show,leave, buy,tell, teach, sell等。例如：My brother bought some storybooks.我哥哥给我买了一些故事书。My uncle gave a pretty birthday present.我叔叔给了我一个漂亮的生日礼物。Can you pass that p
9、encil?你能把那支铅笔递给我吗？Who teaches English?谁教你（们）英语？注意:双宾语结构为动词+物+人时,宾语（人）前要加入适当的介词。根据动词的不 同，有时用 有时用 O例如：My brother bought some storybooks me.我哥哥给我买了一些故事书。Waiters bring tea the customers.服务员给顾客上茶。其他常用的结构包括：为某人做饭：= 发送某物给某人： = 给某人展示某物：= 给某人某物：= 教某人某事：= 借某人某物：= 制作某物为某人：= M6动词不定式（2）在上一个模块，我们学习了动词不定式作宾语的功能，那么
10、，动词不定式的语法功能还 有哪些呢?我们以课本上的句子为例来看一下：1.because people closer to them.因为它（卧龙大熊猫自然保护区）允许人们更近距离地接触它们（大熊猫）。2.The World Wide Fund for Nature （WWF） the pandaits symbol.世界自然基金会选择了大熊猫作为其琮意一3.the WWF is working hard them all.世界自然基金会正在努力挽救所有的动物。观查以上句子，我们可以发现动词不定式的另外两种语法功能:一种是在“动词+宾语+动词 不定式”的结构中充当宾语的,另一种是在句中表示行为动
11、作的，作目的状语。L动词不定式作宾语补足语在以上3个例句中，句子 的不定式都作宾语补足语，是对宾语的补充说明。例如句子 1 中 people 作 allow 的,to get closer to them 作宾语 people 的。 宾语people与宾补构成 关系，people get closer to them,这种关系是其他句型所没有的。可用于“动词+宾语+动词不定式”这一结构的动词有很多，例如：允许某人做某事： 选择某人做某事：想要某人做某事： 告诉某人做某事：请求某人做某事：邀请某人做某事：帮助某人做某事：鼓励某人做某事：需要注意的是：1）以上动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时，若要表达
12、否定的意思，要在 前加,构成 的形式。例如：Mr Han told us make too much noise.韩先生告诉我们不要弄出太大声音。Jackie told me touch anything!杰基告诉我不要碰任何东西！2）有些动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时,要将to省略，常见的这类动词有（初中阶段常见不是全部）：四看：三让： 两听： 一感觉：半帮助：例如：Ill have Tony you around the school我会让托尼带你参观校园。His words made everyone .他的话让大家哄堂大笑。但是本模块的课文中出现了这样一句话:Many wild anim
13、als dont have a safe place to live.这里 的不定式是作 （宾语/宾补/状语/定语）。注意:动词help后面可以跟不带to的不定式,也可以跟带to的不定式。2.动词不定式作目的状语如果表示“ ”，可以用动词不定式表示目的，上面的例句3中，to save them all就是目的状语。在此情况下，不定式既可放在 ,也可放在 o例如：Dylan trained hard improve his basketball skills,迪伦刻苦训练以提高自己的篮球技能。也可以说： improve his basketball skills, Dylan trained h
14、ard.当然，根据表达的需要,动词不定式还可以作原因状语和结果状语等。Im excited to see pandas.（原因状语/结果状语）Jack hurried to school,only to find nobody there.（原因状语/结果状语）动词不定式的用法总结如下：1 .作动词宾语want to do sth., agree to do sth., decide to do sth,等结构，这些放在谓语动词之后的不定式作谓 语动词的宾语。例如：I decided to join some student clubs and take part in as many act
15、ivities as I could.我决定加入一些学生俱乐部，尽我所能多参加活动。Norman Bethune wanted to help the Chinese people, so he came to China.诺曼.白求恩想帮助中国人民，所以他来到了中国。2 .作宾语补足语我们常说的不定式作宾语补足语是指v.+名词/代词+(to)d。sth.结构中的不定式。这类不定式变 否定时只需在 前加not,其中的to在某些动词后需省略。请看以下例句：I told them to stop, but they wouldrTt.我让他们停下，可他们不听。They asked me to le
16、ave.他们让我离开。Miss Smith made the boys stay in after school,放学后史密斯小姐让男孩子们留校了。Lets not argue about it.我们就别争论这件事了。3 .作目的状语不定式作目的状语时，可以放在句末，也可以放在句首。例如：He got up at five oclock to catch the early bus.他 5 点就起床去赶早班车。To watch baseball, you need to go to the Yankee Stadium.想看棒球比赛，你得去扬基体育场。三、模拟训练。1. Im new here
17、.Dont worry.l,ll try my best you.A.to help B.help C.helpedD.helping2 .Wed better follow the seven-step hand washing method healthy.A.to keep B.keeping C.kept D.keep3 .When I came in, I saw him TV.A. watchB.watchesC.watchedD.watching4 .Later, developments in printing made it possible books more quick
18、ly and cheaply.A.produce B.to produceC.produced D.producing1.1 managed the work on time although it was very difficult.A.finish B.finishing C.to finish D.finished6 .Four boys broke the windows of the classroom.So Miss Liu made them in after school.A.to stayB.stayingC.stayD.stayed7 .When you leave, p
19、lease turn off the light energy.A.saveB.savingC.savedD.to save8 .Mary decided that dictionary although it was expensive.A.buyB.buying C.to buyD.bought9 .My father got up early breakfast for my mother this morning because it was my mothers birthday.A.madeB.makingC.makeD.to make1.1 1 saw Paul that old
20、car when I passedhis house.A.repairsB.repairing C.repairedD.to repair11 . our progress in learning English.A.checkB.checked C.checkingD.to cheek12 .Do you climb mountains every day? Yes, a little exercise.Km so out of shape.A.gettingB.getC.got D.to get13 .The girl lost her favourite book.She couldnt
21、 help A.cryingB.to cryC.cried D.cry14 .Do you always get up so early? Yes,the first bus.My home is far away from school.A.catchB.to catch C.catching D.caught1.1 1 spend a lot of time online lessons at home.A.to haveB.havingC.haveD.has16 .His story made everyone laugh and we wanted him one more.A.tel
22、lB.tellingC.to tellD.told17 .Jack, remember off the lights when your bedroom.OK, I wont forget, mom.A.turning:leaving B.toturn； leave C.turning； left D.toturn； leaving 18.Your father is sleeping.Youd better .A.not wake up himB.not to wake up himC.not wake him upD.not to wake him up19 .We should work
23、 hard people killing tigers.A.stopB.stoppingC.to stopD.stops20 .The boy promised late for school again.A.not to be B.to not be C.not beingD.being not21 .Vivian refuses her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes.A.to send B.sending C.sendD.sends22 .Parents and children always expec
24、t more Monkey King cartoons.A.seeB.to seeC.sawD.seeing22.1 t took my daughter two weeks the novels by Yang Hongying .A.read; written B.to read;written C.reading:to writeD.to read:wrote1.1 1 dont think I can afford for the car.A.paying B.paid C.to payD.pay25 .Choose me as your class monitor and I pro
25、mise everyone, classmates and teachers.A.helpingB.to help C.helps D.helped26 .Bethune worked for sixty-nine hours without stopping and managed over a hundred lives.A.savedB.to saveC.savingD.saves27 .Taiji is my favorite sport and I often play it healthy.A.to keepB.keepsC.keepingD.kept28 .The monitor
26、 spoke more loudly everyone hear him.A.madeB.makingC.makeD.to make29 .The government should make laws all the people in public.A.prevent； not to smoke B.to protect； smoking C.to prevent； smoking D.protect； not to smoke 3O.Luxun decided the Chinese people become healthy and strong, so he became a doc
27、tor.A.helpB.helpedC.helpingD.to help31 .The woman made his son finally after she told him some jokes.A.laughedB.to laughC.laughD.laughing32 .When you leave, please turn off the light energy.A.savingB.savesC.savedD.to save33 . more about that small townjack decided online and look up some information
28、 about it.A. To know;going B.To know;to go C.Knowing;to go D.Knowing;going34 .Would yow mind not noise? Alice is sleeping.-Sorry,! didnt know,I she was awak.A. Make;think B.making;thought C.making;think D.make;thought35.Betty only planned the opera for an hour in Lao She Teahouse.A watches B watchin
29、g C, watched D.to watch36 .-How amazing! The Shape of Water won four Oscars this March!1 just cant wait it in the cinema.A.to watch B.watchC. watching D.to watching37 .Tom usually meets his friends fishing Sunday morning.A.go;inB. goes: for C. to go;onD.to go;at38 .Sorry,Mr Li,I forgot my report yes
30、terday.It doesnt matter. If you hand it in before Friday, its OK.A.writingB.to writeC.writeD.wrote1.1 1 always tell my students on the road because its really dangerous.A.dont playB. not playC. not to play D. not playing1.2 1 found her a clever girl.A. IsB. to beC. wasD.to not be41 .Tom had a bad co
31、ld. The doctor asked him in bed.A. to stayB. staying C. stayed D. stays42 .My pen pal Alice found it difficult Chinese well.A. learning B. learnC.to learnD.learned1.1 1 bought a big box books for kids in poor areas.A. collectsB.to collect C. collectD. collected44 .Leonardo ,a famous American actor,
32、was always expecting an Oscar and finally he made it.A.to winB. winning C. not winningD. not to win45 .After he finished the exciting story, he talked about it on and on with his friends.A. readsB. read C. readingD. to read46 .My daughter the piano.but she doesnt it now.A. likes playingjike playingB
33、.likes to playjike playingC. likes playing; like to playD. like playing;like to play47 .Look at the clouds. It seems impossible a picnic.A. havingB. hadC. haveD. to have48 . France is a nice place and we are all looking forward to it.A. visitB. visitsC. visitingD. visited49.1 advised at once.A. him
34、to starting B. him to startC, to starting D. to start50.Mum.my classmates chose me the dance music at the party.A. to playB. playC.playingD. played51Jessicas parents always encourage her out her opinions.A. SpeakB. speakingC.to speak D. will speak1 2.She often makes her little brother ,but she was.
35、made by him this morning.A.to cry;cryB.cry;to cry C. cry;cryD.to cry;to cry53 .Dad Jm really tired and angry. Why not stop and eat some cookies?A. to do your homeworkB. do your homeworkC.doing your homeworkD.did your homework54 .How long does she spend baseball after school every day?A. playB. playsC. to playD. playing55 .Kate my computer doesnt work. Why not ask Mr. Lee it.A. checkB. checks C. to check D. checked8