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1、2022年上海立达职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2009.04）Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A、WhatB、WhichC ThatD、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他 班里的每个同学都感到吃惊。详细解答：what Tom has done指汤姆所做的事情； B哪一个；C （无词义）；D谁。第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how e
2、xactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.B、 I
3、f the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may ca
4、use an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】DC、correspondenceD、communication【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第20题【单项选择题】2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into pla
5、yD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协、；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。第21题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributesD、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第22题【单项选择
6、题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.10A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has
7、 been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere
8、 is high above the earth.B、 If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots.D A paper published by a North Korea observator
9、y says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第24题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe
10、 in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency11 reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United
11、States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、 No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第25题【单项选择题】【概括大意 J The key to gardening with kids, says P
12、atti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for bein
13、g out in the garden/The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Different Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important Point in Family GardeningD、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第26题【单项选择题】阅读选择War may be a natural expressio
14、n of biological instinct and drives12 toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生白勺） survival mechanism, an
15、 instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of hu
16、man violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence.
17、We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD it is directed against
18、 institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是“a learned behavior。可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第27题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned
19、at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United13Sta
20、tes of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo问题句说美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。”显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因
21、此判断问题句错误第28题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】People suspected that “Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but ma
22、naged to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because.A、she was looking after the childrenB she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his
23、 car【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected thatLucky, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake.本来是要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第29题【单项选择题】142009.7 He would that all the cl
24、assified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第30题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep u
25、p withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第31题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmica
26、l, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, mus
27、t be a part of any good literary15workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and t
28、hen going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这个信息, A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑
29、力的活动，也 不符合原文。第32题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain (酸雨)is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems co
30、uld be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、 The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what mone
31、y it has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。16第33题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying
32、 near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.Q: Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答
33、案解析】答案选B。该题说的是：飞行员飞行的高度超过2100米时，看见一 个黑色的火山灰和蒸汽从火山口急速上升到空气中。但是，文章中airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.说的是靠近火山的地方出现了 一个黑色的火山灰和蒸汽上升到空气中，其高度超过2100米。因此该命题是错 误的。第34题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portio
34、ned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United
35、States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo问题句说美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has17 the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不
36、一致，因此判断问题句“错误”。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】People suspected that Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked,
37、but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny sto
38、le his car【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected thatLucky, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake.本来是 要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第36题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a differenc
39、e between science and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the
40、findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the18 progress in each.B、 We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoreti
41、cal questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第37题【单项选择题】2008.04 The farming methods have been improved with the invention ofthe new machine.A、efficientlyB、proficientlyC professionallyD、intentionally【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副
42、词词义辨析。句子翻译为：由于新机器的创造，人们已 经高效率地改进了农业耕种方法。A高效率地B熟练地 C职业地、专职地 D故意地、有意地。第38题【单项选择题】阅读选择Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet
43、.According to the passage, we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because.A、humans, worms and rodents are different.19【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第3题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a diff
44、erent answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father; who had died in those mountains twenty years before and
45、 whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss womans long-lost fatherC、he was
46、born about a thousand years agoD、he came from Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第4题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protec
47、tion Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at le
48、ast one smoker.B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet.C、the effect is not known.D、genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第39题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第40题【单项选择题】【2009.7 An employee has p