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1、2022年天津开发区职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone （天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle （长 柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of t
2、he ladle pointed south while the bulk （主体）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade （玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the lad
3、le. They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass?A、In 1492.B、 In the thirteen century A.D.C、In A.D. 80.D、At least 2000 years ago.【正确答案】D【答案解析】 本段中 Two thousand years ago the Chinese had alr
4、eady developed a working compass.直接告诉我们中国创造指南针的时间。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout ones lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave th
5、e problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B答案解析】此
6、题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文：我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse.Q: When an
7、ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo题中说鼠标脏了，就得换用新的。这一说法与原文不符。 原文说的是鼠标脏了，可以擦干净再用。it has to be replaced with a new one与 you have to clean your mouse 不符。所以选 B。第22题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these resea
8、rches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the10 environment are language and
9、 psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is.A
10、、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB、Many of the differences in measured intelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches.而选项 C 中的 Main Results 只不 过是major findings的另一种说法而已。第23题【
11、单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and
12、the rate of erosion reduced.A、 The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Me
13、xican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe. 【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。11第24题【单项选择题】This test a number of multiple choice questions.A、consist ofB、consist inC、consists ofD、consists in【正确答案】c【答案解析】包含，包括所以用consist o
14、f,且This test是单数，所以答案为C。第25题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement en
15、courages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to g
16、ather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In All thats needed to become on
17、e. (paragraph 2) ”, what does the word one stands for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词12的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第26题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. He certainly does, replied Jill. Aft
18、er hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid. No way, I said. Mlt would make me look 20 years older. No, no, she replied. This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!lnitially the writer did not want to buy a hearin
19、g aid because.A、 it would make him look old.B、 it would make him nervous.C、 it was too expensive.D、it was old-styled.【正确答案】A【答案解析】当被妻子问及是否愿意得到一个助听器时，作者因为担忧显得老气 而拒绝。所以答案是A。第27题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders
20、 who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to tea
21、ch their children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A13【答案解析】本段大意是对home schooling提出了质疑，
22、需要注意前面说到 了critics say”,空格处与之对应的是“Critics also say”。第28题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、 responseC、settlementD、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settlement：殖民,移民，定居。solution：解决;解答。根据句意,应该选response a positive response： 良好的反映。第29题【单项选
23、择题】【2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A as forB、such asC、instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房 子在夜晚非常安静。A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而不是；D除了以第30题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.14A、grantedB、praisedC、poi
24、ntedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。回详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第31题【单项选择题】I would love to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish areport.A、to goB、to have goneC、goingD、having gone【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词与虚拟语气。would love to do为一固定搭配 形式，其中不定式表示想要
25、做的动作。但此句中but连接的句子说明其实动作 并没有发生，所以这里要用虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，选用B项。第32题【单项选择题】【I阅读声U断】Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens
26、（歌女）.But no one knew where the garden was.Q: Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid of him.A、TrueB、False15C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A0句子的意思是：国王想除掉Hercules,所以交给他很多 艰巨的工作去做。这个信息在短文第二句和第三句中提到了，与短文的意思相符 （国王很害怕Hercules,屡次交给他艰巨的工作去做），由此可以推断此题的正确 选项为A。第33题【单项选择题】阅读选择Cal
27、orie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in f
28、ewer calories partly because.A、humans, worms and rodents are different.B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet.C、the effect is not known.D、 genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第34题【单项选择题】填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive se
29、nse of whats going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergra
30、duates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.16【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处第35题【单项选择题】2009.04)I/ve got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would
31、beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第36题【单项选择题】阅读选择In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whi
32、tes, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A、Unequal access to medical care.B、 Greater probability of having other diseases.C、Differences in the biology of the cancer.D、 Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】 本段指出 blacks are usu
33、ally diagnosed with cancer later than whites,17与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第37题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you cant stand the loneliness anymore, the
34、 strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should.A、change your decisionB、blame your parents for itC、stick to your decision and g
35、o onD、make more friends【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答案。作者认为你出国 后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔 细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第38题【单项选择题】【I阅读半U断】Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again a
36、nd again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens （歌女）.But no one knew where the garden was.Q: Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid of him.A、TrueB、F
37、alseC、Not Given【正确答案】A18【答案解析】答案选A。句子的意思是：国王想除掉Hercules,所以交给他很多 艰巨的工作去做。这个信息在短文第二句和第三句中提到了，与短文的意思相符 （国王很害怕Hercules,屡次交给他艰巨的工作去做），由此可以推断此题的正确 选项为Ao第39题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Befo
38、re that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a suc
39、cessful manD、EdisonS comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因 此选择Do第40题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the
40、 unpredictability （不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC sex equality19 ear.
41、Thanks to Crystal Ear, the sound solution is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off （下降）/ can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months. C
42、rystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier （放大 器）.According to the passage, hearing loss is.A、 only a minor health problem.B、 the worlds most common health problem.C、 merely a teenage disease.D、 an incurable disease.【正确答案】B【答案解析】hearing l
43、oss is now the worlds number one health problem 这句话可 以帮助我们找到答案。第3题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in
44、 the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、they developed accurate system measuring time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、 they de
45、serted their cities and moved to new ones.D、 they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对应点为 What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。D、 its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, f
46、emale） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第41题【单项选择题】2010.04 The student described the beautiful mountains and rivers in hishome town.A、artificiallyB、vividlyC、criticallyD、viciously【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的 山河。第42题【单项选择题】2010.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recognized each o
47、therimmediately.A、separationB、cooperationC、correspondenceD、communication【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第43题【单项选择题】20填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his person
48、al secrets., Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、 Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全