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1、2022年四川建筑职业技术学院自考英语（二） 练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【2009.04 Dont trust everything you have read in the newspapers.A、whichB、 thatC、asD、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B。第2题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】
2、C【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第3题【单项选择题】her too much for theher too much for the2007.04 Jenny complained that the hospital treatment.A、 expendedA、it threatens the existing social systemsB it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is di
3、rected against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是“a learned behavior%可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约:The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Good ne
4、ws for chocoholics： the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researchers have discovered
5、that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B、It contains substances called f
6、lavonoids.C、It releases endorphins in human body.D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第22题【单项选择题】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be.A、shut down10B、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shutdown：关闭（工厂）;（工厂）停工
7、，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off：爆炸，（闹铃）响。第23题【单项选择题】【2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第24题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 Many researchers, whose work depends on ocean
8、 sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels （，）贝）.They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?A、They will work hard to reduce o
9、cean noise pollution.B、They will protect animals from harmful noises.C They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.D、They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正确答案】B11答案解析】They will protect animals from harmful noises.本段的最后一句话是 答案的出处。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The people of Kiribati are afraid tha
10、t one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide.Q: The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide.
11、A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。该题目说的是：Kiribati的人民担忧他们的国家将被突发 的洪水淹没。该题源于第一句：Kiribati的国民担忧在近期的某一天，他们的国 家将会地球上面消失by a sudden high tide。第26题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his pe
12、rsonal secrets. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need time to
13、get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问12自己。第27题【单项选择题】2009.01 He insured his car he had an accident.A、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。第28题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The s
14、moke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies.A、The Gilsons have be
15、en married for 35 years.B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants.D、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前一句讲的
16、是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法，接下来应选表示他们 改变观点的句子，因为下一句说明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。第29题【单项选择题】13【I闻读选择】But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This s
17、alt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、taking salt out of it.D、drying it up.【正确答案】C【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt B|J take salt out。第30题【单项
18、选择题】【阅读选择 J Good news for chocoholics： the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researche
19、rs have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B、It contains
20、substances called flavonoids.C It releases endorphins in human body.D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第31题【单项选择题】14【阅读判断】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is lik
21、e an art, which everybody including scientists loves.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。这段提到了 technology是一种美的享受，但是没有说它 是一种艺术，更没有说我们每个人都热爱这门艺术。第32题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细
22、解答】牢记在心:bear in mind或者keep in mind第33题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmanssuggestion.A、stimulatedB、perceivedC、obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】15此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】 动词的词义选取。第34题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】When I graduated from high school, my family had
23、a business so I never thought about getting a college degree. I went straight from my high school graduation to work for my father. After 24 years of ups and downs (mostly downs), I decided that I wanted to return to school and earn a degree in Business Administration.Why didnt the author go on with
24、 education after graduating from high school?A、To help her father with business.To escape from school life.C、To experience social life early.D、To achieve her dream.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。该题目主要考查考生对文章主人公相关细 节的了解。根据题干内容，此细节定位于文章本段讲述自己高中毕业后经历的部 分。文中讲到当我高中毕业时，爸爸正在做生意。所以我压根没有考虑过继续 获得大学学位的事情，毕业后直接转向为爸爸工作
25、。可判断A选项与原文句意 一致。第35题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned(抛弃)many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civi
26、lization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、they developed accurate system measuring time.B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones.16C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、the
27、y built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】C【答案解析】对应点为 What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。第36题【单项选择题】2008.10 It took a few seconds for her eyes to to the darkness.A、allocateadoptC、applyD、adjust【正
28、确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查动词词义辨析。【译文】她花了几秒钟时间使眼睛适应黑 暗。【详细解答】A分配，拨出 B收养，过继 C应用，申请 D调 整，使适合第37题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create
29、its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change,
30、 it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability.A、to create an environment of its own17B、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD
31、、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第38题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. by carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposed
32、ly able to figure out in advance what will happen.A、The stock market had its worst losses everB Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heatC、So experts are regularly asked to predict accuratelyD、The article was written in 1958【正确答案】C【答案解析】第一句说的
33、是：预测未来很重要，不能像中学生那样猜测。这一空 的关键词是experts,他们不同于中学生，他们的预测应该是较为准确的。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】 Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip （故意略去）breakfast.Q: It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B18【答案解析】答案选
34、B。原句的意思是：无论一个人在哪干活，不吃早餐都不是 个好主意。因此该命题是错误的。第40题【单项选择题】【1诩读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilara
35、tion. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the fol
36、lowingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力
37、活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这、信，息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第41题【单项选择题】2010.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recognized each otherimmediately.
38、A、separationB、cooperation19B、paidC、costD、charged【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。charge：要价；索价；要人支付；收费。例如: The fruit seller charged me too much money.这个水果商要了我很多的钱。第4题【单项选择题】2009.01 I was writing a report last night;I would not have stayed up late.A、howeverB、otherwiseC thereforeD、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词词义
39、辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否那么我就 不会熬夜了。A然而，不过；B否那么，要不然；C因此，所以；D再者，而且。第5题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the
40、impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是:Ball lightning, the rarest and mos
41、tC、correspondenceD、communication【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。 【试题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第42题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing t
42、heories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.B We are all familiar with the improper use of techn
43、ology.C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第43题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Wignail calculated
44、 the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph
45、is.20A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic EruptionsB、Accounting for the Killing Power of Older EruptionsC、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older EruptionsD、A Mass Extinction【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第一句话是说：Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes.； Wignall 计算了这些火山的“灭绝效率.；其中 killing effic
46、iency 与 killing Power意思差不多，属于同义词转换，因此选择B或C,但是account for意 思是：（在数量方面）占；说明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不选择B。第44题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内
47、生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueFalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。问题句说美国位于前十个国家的行列cThe US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生
48、产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句“错误第45题【单项选择题】【2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentative21B、validC、technicalD、thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析： 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第46题【单项选择题】【阅读选择)During the hours when you labour through your work you may say th