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1、2022年山西应用科技学院自考英语（二）练 习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】（完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to th
2、e currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to.A、keep fitB、have a body shape that all people will admireC、prolong life spanD、get ride of digestive system diseases【正确答案】B（答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人为了到达当前流行的体型（reduce our bodies down to the currently des
3、irable shape）而不惜通过节食等方法减肥。因此选择B。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Helping the planet is a big part of what our world trip is all about and thats exactly what we did this past week. We helped get a hydroponics farm started in a local v川age. This farm will be a model for the local villagers so they can start their very
4、own self sustaining farm. Hydroponics is a type of farming that uses a third of the water needed in an average farm and uses no soil. A hydroponics farmAn is difficult to buildB、is a type of farm without soilC、will cost lots of money考查名词词义。A幻想，错误观念；B演示，证明；C图解，实例；D名声, 名誉。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbo
5、rs at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： ”How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了“community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区
6、是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defined as
7、 total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP because the factors of production do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside for cap
8、ital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income goes
9、 for wages, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is true according to the paragraph?10A、GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes.B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect business taxes.C、Personal income is rega
10、rded as the total money income received by an individual after his or her taxes are paid.D、The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正确答案】D（答案解析此题的依据是本段的The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income.这个句子。对原句的词语选项 D 用了别的表
11、达方法，但大意仍保持不变。第23题【单项选择题】【填句未卜文】its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing mor
12、e often.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到经济独立有可能造
13、成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的 妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。第24题【单项选择题】2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well.A、nourishedB、stuffed11C、tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险第25题【单项选择题】2010.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recogn
14、ized each otherimmediately.A、separation cooperation C、correspondence D、communication 【正确答案】A 【答案解析】【译文】尽管己经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。 【试题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第26题【单项选择题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visibly visually C、vertically D、virtually 【正确答案】D 【答案解析】此题考查（形近的）副词词义
15、区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选总统职位之前是个无名人土。A显然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地， 直立地 D实际上，事实上第27题【单项选择题】12【概括大意】Wignail calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 1
16、0 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic EruptionsB、Accounting for the Killing Power of Older EruptionsC、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older EruptionsD、A Mass Extinction【正确答案】C（答案解析本段第一句话是说：Wignal
17、l calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes.； Wignall计算了这些火山的“灭绝效率 ；其中killing efficiency与 killing Power意思差不多，属同义词转换，因此选择B或C,但是account for意 思是：（在数量方面）占；说明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不选择B.第28题【单项选择题】It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、motivationC、evalu
18、ationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】人们发现一个很强的动机可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。【试 题分析】此题考查名词辨析。回【详细解答】A打搅、中断 B动机、诱因 C 评估、评价 D目的地、终点第29题【单项选择题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.13A、offB、outC、aloneD、 over【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里面，出局 C
19、单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过第30题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Tom, a near-sighted young man, went on a blind date with a girl. The two were satisfied with each other. And they exchanged their telephone numbers. What can we learn about Tom?A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first.B、It was the first time that Tom had da
20、ted a girl.C、Tom was blind.D、Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从The two were satisfied with each other 可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就 留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这是汤姆第几 次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted,远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲 述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提 及。第31题【单项选择题】
21、There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower their prices.A、normal14B、generalC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思为:这个季节有很多促销活动， 在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普 通的 D寻常的、通常的第32题【单项选择题】【2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC
22、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第33题【单项选择题】【1诩读选择It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the c
23、ase in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a. m. one week, 8 am to 4pm the next, and 4 pm to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent
24、neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.ln the last sentence of the paragraph, /zanotherw means.A、another routineB、another shift15C、another weekD、another person【正确答案】A【答案解析】another （另一个）之后省略了 routine 一词。第34题【单项选择题】2009.10 Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to m
25、ake himself.A、understandB、understoodC、understandingD、to understand【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查语法。那个时候虽然他说英语说得不好，但仍然可以让别 人听懂。非谓语动词的选用。过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动以及动作的完成。第35题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positiv
26、e charges （正电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive
27、charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface.A、is positively chargedis shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A16【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷, 排斥地面表层的负电
28、荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第36题【单项选择题】2008.10Country life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in t
29、hat it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第37题【单项选择题】2007.04 Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agenciesin the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的短语。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下， 搁下;记下,记载，写下。set ou
30、t：出发,开始,后面跟todosth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。17第38题【单项选择题】2009.04 We go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A、occasionally B relatively C、continually D、absolutely 【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词意义辨析。译文：我们偶尔外出去餐馆吃饭，但通常 是在家吃饭。详细解答：A偶尔地、偶然地、不经常；B相对地、比拟地；C持 续地、不间断地；D完全地。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Norwich
31、, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一 个小村庄,就说明了 River Wens
32、um流经Norwicho第40题【单项选择题】阅读判断Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers in use in the United Statesone for every 10 citizens. It is estimated that by 1996, 61 percent ofAmerican managers will be using some sort of electronic work station.Q: At present about 10% of American citizens possess a micro
33、computer.A、True18B、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本段一开头就说到目前在美国大约有二千四百万台微型 电子计算机在使用中，平均每十人就拥有一台。因此此题的表述是正确的。第41题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption （爆发）of ancient volc
34、anoes （火山）.Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean.A、They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty.B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands?C、Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America
35、.D、But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正确答案】C【答案解析】第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西 洋的其他局部分开。答案是C,因为它的第一个词是“They”，该词指“The Caribbean Islands；而且在语义上也有很好的衔接。第42题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、p
36、rescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额,19D、was started in the village before they came【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选丸 词义理解题。根据关键词hydroponics farm迅速锁定本 段。再通过排除法可以判定B项是正确的。因为A和C表述的内容文章并没有 提到过。D项表述是错误的，因为那个村庄在他们去之前并没有这种hydroponics farmo是他们到了之后，帮助建立了一个模型。第3题【单项选择题】2009.7 He would tha
37、t all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第4题【单项选择题】2008.10 It took a few seconds for her eyes to to the darkness.A、allocateB、adoptC、applyD、adjust【正
38、确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查动词词义辨析。【译文】她花了几秒钟时间使眼睛适应黑 暗。【详细解答】A分配，拨出 B收养，过继 C应用，申请 D调 整，使适合销路。符合句意。第43题【单项选择题】2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表
39、示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。第44题【单项选择题】The water all over the desk.A、is spiltB、was spiltC、spiltD、spill【正确答案】C【答案解析】水洒了一桌子。spill有“（使）洒出之意，故不用被动，排除AB； water是不可数，谓语不用spill原形；spilt是spill的过去式，答案选C。第45题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.Guterson says
40、 that his children learn very differently from children in school: . For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears20（北极熊），and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching
41、the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, resul
42、ts show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第46题【单项选择题】【2009.01 If you try to learn too many things a
43、t a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第47题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Finally, though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and pe
44、rsonal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received.A、True21B、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。文章讲虽然儿童习得母语的教
45、师可能没有受过专门的 语言教学的训练，但与他的关系却是亲密的、个人化的。但是作者并没有提到在 语言学习中，教师与学生密切的个人关系比教师接受专门的语言教学训练更重要。第48题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in theliving room.A、thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是为了避 免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture。第49题【单项选择题】【1
46、诩读选择】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness
47、 the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older; they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhyth
48、m remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be.22A、uninhibitedB indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾局部“As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm./o 作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大， 大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反响，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反响， 更可能受到抑制。第50题【单项选择题】2009.7 The wounded soldiers wou