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1、山东省淄博市三年(2020-2022)中考英语真题汇编-03语法填空、短文选词填空一、语法填空(2020山东淄博统考中考真题)Venice is considered to be one of the most 1(beauty )cities in the world. It has been known as the City of Canals (运河),City of Bridges and City of Water. The city is made up of about 1002(island) , 150 canals, and 400 bridges.There 3(be)
2、 no roads in the city, so there are no cars. The only forms of transportation (交通)are on water and 4 foot. There are roads, a (rain station, 5 an airporl at the edge (边缘)of the city. One of the famous symbols of Venice is a gondola (平底船)Gondolas are still used today, though 6 (main) by tourists. All
3、 Venice gondolas are painted black-it was a law that was passed in the 7 (sixteen) centuiy. Most Venetians travel by water buses called vaporetti. Venice has one of the worlds most famous bridges 8 (call) the Rialto Bridge, built in 1591.Venezuela, a county in South 9(American), means little Venice.
4、 This is because theearly European visitors to Venezuela first met the local people who lived in homes built over (he water, reminding 10(they) of Venice.(2021山东淄博统考中考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。That night at eleven oclock, Mr. Pickwick and Sam went to the school. There was a11 (heigh
5、t) wall around the garden. Sam bent(弯腰)over and said, “Step on my back, sir, and climb over the wall. Then fll go back to the hotel and wait for you.Mr. Pickwick stepped on Sams back and, with great 12 (difficult), climbed over the wall and jumped 13 into the garden. He heard 14 (Sam) footsteps walk
6、ing away. The garden was cold, damp, and dark. Mr. Pickwick could see some lights in the windows. He waited by the back door 15 it was eleven thirty, then he knocked 16 (quiet).Nothing happened.After a minute, he knocked again, more loudly this time.Nothing happened.Mr. Pickwick stood in the garden,
7、 wondering what 11(do). Hecouldnt climb over the wall and go back to the hotel, 18 (he wall was too high. He was very cold. After another five minutes. Mi; Pickwick knocked again, more loudly. Suddenly he19 (hear) voices inside and footsteps on the stairs. The door opened, but instead of Sam there w
8、as the headmistress in 20(she) dressing gown(长袍),followed by the teachers,the servants, and the students.（2022.山东淄博.统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Hanging a red lantern in front of the door is believed to drive off bad luck. The first Chinese paper lanterns 21 (invent) during the East
9、ern Han Dynasty (东汉).In ancientChina, people raised lanterns to gel light and wish for a better life. Also, lanterns were widely used on festivals. Nowadays, it has become a tradition (hat both big cities 22 small towns are filled with red lanterns during the festival.The materials for making lanter
10、ns are simple. People can 23 (make) bamboo, wood and metal into frames (框架)of lanterns. Paper and silk 24 (be) the main materials for covers. People like to paint beautiful Chinese pictures on 25 (they). The traditional lantern is covered by rice paper with a candle burning inside. Lights shine thro
11、ugh the rice paper26 night. That is really Chinese style. The most common Chinese lanterns are red, round and with red or golden tassels (流苏).They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good27 (wish). In Chinese culture, lanterns in different colors express different meanings.People 28 (usual)
12、light several lanterns for the Chinese New Year, and enjoy lantern shows with family during the Lantern Festival Lanterns light the night of festivals. Happiness and joy spread into different families by these different lanterns. Lanterns arc also used in all kinds29 celebrations. Lanterns have beco
13、me the national 3() (proud) in China 二、短文选词填空(2021山东淄博统考中考真题)根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每 个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。with, more, add, time, history, simple, once, even, but, cut, festivals, relativesPaper cutting is a special folk art in China, with a 31 of nearly 1,000 years. The materials used are 32: ordinary p
14、aper and a pair of scissors (or a cutting knife). A skilled答案第6页，共8页 paper cutting craflsperson（手艺人）cuts paper into designs like doing magic tricks. A piece of red paper is folded and then 33 several times, before being unfolded into a beautiful picture. Some craftspeople do not 34 set their eyes on
15、 what they are doing and then cut it into a wonderful pattern. Paper cutting is a type of art with powerful expression: a paper cutting artist docs not need a model picture to copy from, 35 depends on a pair of scissors to produce a work of art, each time 36 small differences. Paper cuttings are ver
16、y popular in the countryside.In the city of Xian, Shaanxi Province, people 37 used paper instead of glass as window-covering. Clever and skillful young women cut pieces of red paper into lovely babies or beautiful butterflies, and put them on the windows to 38 liveliness to ordinary windows.In ancie
17、nt China, people enjoyed the tradition of making and hanging lanterns for39 . People sometimes drew pictures on the lanterns but more often would prefer topaste（粘贝占）paper cuttings of different patterns, which became brighter and 4（） interesting by the lantern light.（2022山东淄博统考中考真题）根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使
18、短文意思完整。 每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。easier after millions writer who interested born where college spent also reporterLife is full of pleasure, pain, learning, growth, happiness and sadness. Those can make people better and wiser. E. L. Konigsburg. a famous 41. tells children, Before you can beanything, you have
19、 to be yourself. Thats the hardest thing to find. Konigsburg herself 42 many years doing many things before she discovered that she wanted to be and could be a writer.Konigsburg was 43 in New York City. She was a good student, graduated first in her high school class, and was the first person in her
20、 family to go to 44、where she got a degreein chemistry. 45 finishing college, she got married and then started working on a masters degree （硕士学位）in chemistry. When she and her husband moved to Florida, she began to teach science at a private girls school.Soon, however, Konigsburg realized she was mo
21、re 46 in what was going on inside the students than what was going on inside the test tubes （试管）.She stopped teaching science and stayed al home to raise her three children. She 47 began to take drawing and paintingclasses. Some of her works won awards (奖)in competitions.As her children grew, Konigs
22、burg had a strong wish to write about their experiences and those of her students in the past. So she did. Today, two Newbery Awards, more than 15 books, and 48 of young readers later, she is still writing.Konigsburg has a one word piece of advice for people49want to be a writer.44Finish.Dont talk a
23、bout doing it. Do it Finish.” That also makes it50to face any challenge inlives.参考答案：1. beautiful 2. islands 3. are 4. on 5. and 6. mainly 7. sixteenth 8. called 9 .America 10. them【分析】文章主要介绍了世界上最漂亮之一的威尼斯，并介绍了被称为“小威尼斯”的委内瑞 拉。1 .句意:威尼斯被认为是世界上最美丽的城市之一。本句为“one of+最高级+名词复数”句式， 故此处应用所给单词的形容词形式beautiful,与
24、the most共同构成最高级，修饰名词cities。 故填 beautiful o.句意:这座城市由大约100个岛屿、15()条运河和4(X)座桥梁组成“be made up of sth由构成，故空格处应为名词，由空格前100可知，此处应用所给名词的复数形式。故填islands.2 .句意：城市里没有路，所以没有汽车。本句为ihere be句型，且本句陈述客观事实，故 应为一般现在时，主语roads为复数，故应用be动词are。故填are。3 .句意：唯一的交通方式是水上和步行。此处介绍威尼斯的交通方式，on foot步行，故此 处应为介词on。故填on。4 .句意：在城市的边缘有公路、火
25、车站和机场。句中“公路”、“火车站”、机场”均指威尼 斯的交通设施，故此处应用连词and表并列。故填and。5 .句意：平底船现在还在使用，尽管主要是由游客使用。分析句子结构可知，句中不缺成 分,故应用所给单词的副词形式mainly“主要地”，在句中作状语表程度。故填mainly。6 .句意：这是十六世纪通过的一项法律。此处应用所给基数词的序数词形式sixieemh,作 定语修饰名词century,表顺序。故填sixteenth。7 .句意：威尼斯有一座世界上最著名的桥，名叫里亚托桥，建于1591年。此处应用所给单 词的过去分词形式called,作后置定语修饰名词one of the worl
26、ds most famous bridges,即威 尼斯有一座世界上最著名的，名为里亚托的桥。故填called。答案第8页，共8页8 .句意：委内瑞拉，南美洲的一个国家，意为“小威尼斯”。由常识可知，委内瑞拉是南美 洲的一个国家，South America南美洲。故填America。9 .句意：这是因为早期到委内瑞拉的欧洲游客第一次见到当地人，他们住在建在水上的房 子里，让他们想起了威尼斯。remind sb of sth让某人想起某物，结合动宾结构可知，此处应 用代词的宾格形式them。故填出cm。10 . high 12. difficulty 13. down 14. Sams 15.
27、till#until 16. quietly 17. todo 18. because 19. heard 20. her【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，节选了匹克威克外传中的一段，讲述了匹克威克先生带着 萨姆去了一所学校，匹克威克先生独自跳入花园，最后等到的却是女校长带领着老师、仆人 和学生出现的故事。11 .句意：花园周围有一，座高墙。此处作定语修饰其后名词wall,应该用height的形容词 high,意为“高的，故填high。12 .句意：匹克威克先生踩上萨姆的背，非常艰难地爬过墙然后跳入花园。此处在介词后作 宾语，应该填difficult的名词difficulty,故填difficulty
28、.句意：匹克威克先生踩上萨姆的背，非常艰难地爬过墙然后跳入花园。jump down意为 “跳下去”,是动词短语，故填down。13 .句意：他听见萨姆的脚步声走开了。此处作定语修饰其后名词footsteps,可知填所有格， 故填Sams。14 .句意：他在后门等着，直到II点30分，然后他安静地敲了敲门。根据语境，可知此处 表示“直到”，应该用lill/until引导时间状语从句，故填liH/unlil.15 .句意：他在后门等着，直到11点30分，然后他安静地敲了敲门。此处修饰动词knock, 应该填quiet的副词quietly,意为“静静地”,故填quietly。16 .句意：匹克威克先
29、生站在花园里，正想着该做什么。此处和其前疑问词what构成“疑问 词+to do”的结构作宾语，故填to do o.句意：他无法爬过墙然后回宾馆，因为这个墙太高了。分析两句逻辑，可知后句表原因， 应该用because引导原因状语从句，故填because(17 .句意：突然他听见里面楼梯上有人声和脚步声。此处作谓语，根据前后文时态，可知此 处也用一般过去时；hear“听见，是动词，过去式为heard,故填heard。18 .句意：门开了，但那不是萨姆，而是穿着长袍的女校长。此处作定语修饰其后名词gown, 可知应该用she的形容词性物主代词her,意为“她的，故填her。19 . wereinv
30、ented 22. and 23. make 24. are 25. them 26. at 27. wishes 28. usually 29. of 30. pride【导语】本文主要介绍了灯笼的起源，制作材料以及它的用处。21 .句意：中国最早的纸灯笼发明于东汉时期。主语与动词invent之间是被动关系，且描述 过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时被动语态，主语是复数形式，助动词用were,故填were invented o.句意：如今，无论是大城市还是小城镇，在节日期间都挂满红灯笼已经成为一种传统。 both.and14和都”，故填 and。22 .句意：人们可以用竹子、木头和金属做成灯笼的
31、框架。情态动词后接动词原形，故填 make。23 .句意：纸和丝绸是制作封面的主要材料。此句是一般现在时，and连接并列主语看作更 数形式，be动词用are,故填are。24 .句意：人们喜欢在上面画美丽的中国画。介词on后接人称代词宾格作宾语，故填(hemo.句意:夜晚,灯光透过宣纸。at night“在晚上”，固定搭配,故填at。25 .句意：它们被视为幸福和良好祝愿的明亮象征。wish“祝愿”，可数名词，此空应填名词 复数形式,故填wishes。26 .句意：人们通常在中国新年点上几盏灯笼，并在元宵节时与家人一起欣赏花灯表演。分 析句子结构可知，此空应填副词作状语，故填usually。2
32、7 .句意：灯笼也用于各种庆祝活动。all kinds。产各种各样的”，固定搭配，故填of。28 .句意：灯笼已经成为中国的民族骄傲。形容词national后接名词，proud对应的名词是 pride,故填 prideo. history 32. simple 33. cut 34. even 35. but 36. with 37. once 38. add 39. festivals 40. more【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国传统的剪纸艺术。31.句意：剪纸是中国一种 特殊的民间艺术，有近1000年的历史。根据空后“of nearly 1,000 years”可知，此处指剪纸
33、有 近1000年的历史，hislory符合语境。故填history。32 .句意：使用的材料很简单。be动词后应跟形容词作表语，根据“ordinary paper and a pair of scissors(or a cutting knifb).“可知,用料简单,simple 符合语境。故填 simple。33 .句意：一张红纸被折叠，然后剪几次，然后展开成一幅美丽的图画。根据上文“cuts p叩er 答案第10页，共8页 into designs like doing magic tricks.”可知,展开之前，应会被剪很多次,cut符合语境；由folded 可知，空处用过去分词，构成被
34、动语态。故填cut。34 .句意：有些工匠甚至没有把目光放在他们正在做的事情上，然后把它剪成一个美妙的图 案。空处不缺成分，所以推断空处应是填副词作状语，结合所给词，even“甚至”符合语境， 在此处表示强调说明该事实。故填even。35 .句意：剪纸艺术家不需要复制模型图片，而是依靠一把剪刀来创作一件艺术品。根据“does not.”及句意可知，此处考查固定搭配notbut.“不是而是。故填but。36 .句意：每一次都有微小的差异。根据each timesmall differences.”结合备选词可知， 此处指每次都会有小小的不同，with“有”符合语境。故填with。37 .句意：在
35、陕西省西安市，人们曾经用纸而不是玻璃来盖窗户。分析句子，空处不缺成分， 结合备选词，oncc“曾经”符合语境，在句中作时间状语。故填once。38 .句意：聪明伶俐的年轻女子把红纸剪成可爱的婴儿或美丽的蝴蝶，贴在窗户上，给普通 的窗户增添 了 活力。根据“and put them on the windows to . liveliness to ordinary windows”及 常识可知，此处表示给普通的窗户增添了活力，add符合语境；to后跟动词原形。故填add。39 .句意：在中国古代，人们喜欢在节日里制作和悬挂灯笼的传统。根据常识可知，节日里， 人们有制作并挂灯笼的传统，festi
36、val符合语境，此处应填复数名词表示泛指。故填festivals。40 .句意：人们有时会在灯笼上画画，但更多的时候更喜欢粘贴不同图案的剪纸，在灯笼的 灯光下变得更加明亮和有趣。根据空前“brighter”可知，此处应该填more,构成比较级。故 填 more。41 . writer 42. spent 43. born 44. college 45. After 46. interested 47. also 48.millions 49. who 50. easier【导语】本文介绍Konigsburg的生平，以及她给人们的建议。41.句意:著名作家E.L. Konigsburg告诉孩子们
37、，“在你做任何事之前，你不得不做自己，这是最难找到的“。a后接 可数名词单数,且此处指职业,根据she discovered that she wanted to be and could be a writer? 可知她是一名作家。writer表示“作家”。故填writer。42 .句意：Konigsburg自己花了许多年的时间做了很多事情，才发现自己想成为并且能够成 为一名作家。spend lime doing slh表示“花时间做某事”，描述过去的事，用一般过去时。故 填 spento.句意：Konigsburg 出生于纽约。根据She was a good student, gradu
38、ated first in her high school class”可知此处介绍生平，be bom表示“出生故填born。43 .句意：她是一个好学生，高中毕业时全班第一名，是家里第一个上大学的人，获得了化 学学位。根据“where she got a degree in chemistry.”和finishing college”可知获得学位的应该是 大学。college表示“大学故填college。44 .句意：大学毕业后，她结婚了，然后开始攻读化学硕士学位。根据“was the first person in her family to go to college, where sh
39、e got a degree in chemistry.”可知此处介绍大学毕业后的事。 after表示“在 之后”。故填Aftero.句意：然而，Konigsburg很快意识到，她对学生内的情况比对试管内的情况更感兴趣。 be interested in 表示“对感兴趣“。故填 interestedo45 .句意：她也开始上素描和绘画课。根据She stopped teaching science and stayed at home to raise her three children. She . began to take drawing and painting classes.”可知此处指同时做的 事,also表示“也”,位于句中。故填also。46 .句意：如今，她获得了两次纽伯瑞奖，出版了超过15本书，拥有了数百万年轻读者， 但她仍在写作。millions of表示“上百万个。故填millions。47 .句意：Konigsburg有一条建议给那些想成为作家的人.此句是定语从句，先行词是people, 用who引导。故填whoo.句意：这也让我们更容易面对生活中的任何挑战。make it adj 2 dosth表示“让做某事变 得，easier表示更容易故填easier。答案第12页，共8页