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1、2022高考英语真题深度解读（全国卷1 ）真题解读:试卷导航听力话题形式词数1搭便车下车短对话182通宵赶项目短对话183寻找安静谈话地点短对话184糟心的邻居家的狗短对话115饭店订桌短对话176晚上聚餐安排长对话347公司搬迁计划长对话568艺术家采访长对话829平衡打工与学习长对话7510一个运动员的经历自述独白98语篇话题体裁词数阅读理解A画家亨利雷伯恩爵士展览应用文202+85阅读理解BDorothy Wickenden 的书籍书评321+122阅读理解C空中之眼的技术应用于无人机说明文320+142阅读理解D征收的糖税来解决青少年儿童健康问题说明文325+127阅读七选五五种维系异
2、地友谊的方法应用文247+76完形填空孩子们捉迷藏时坚持相互承认和尊重说明文276+184语法填空中国商会博物馆所庆祝第一个国际茶日说明文242【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B【解析】24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-
3、room schoolhouse. （1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩Dorothy Woodruff Rosamond Underwood来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一 个房间的学校教书。）”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A 项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段 “They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quil
4、t when they woke up in the morning.（他们和一 个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被 子上覆盖着一层雪。）”以及 “In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.（在春天，雪被泥 替代覆盖在冰上。）”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 u A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drill
5、ing through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.（令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建 设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。）”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落 基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。【27题详解】 推理判断题o 根据倒数第二段 “The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn.（这 本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。）”以及最后一段u Wickenden is a very good storyteller.
6、 The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽 的作品。）”可知，本文简要介绍了 Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是 一篇书评。故选B项。CCan a small group of drones （无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help r
7、ailway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying todays Heyes in the sky technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure （基石出设施） worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are already being used to exa
8、mine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and o
9、n-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient （高效）across the board.That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a
10、year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews* efforts.By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services
11、 for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail dont need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train,
12、 and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.28. What makes the applicati
13、on of drones to rail lines possible?A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones* ability to work at high altitudes.C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.D. Drones1 reliable performance in remote areas.29. What does maintenance underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Personnel saf
14、ety.B. Assistance from drones.C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.30. What function is expected of the rail drones?A. To provide early warning.B. To make trains run automatically.C. To earn profits for the crews.D. To accelerate transportation.31. Which is the most suitable t
15、itle for the text?A. What Faults Can Be Detected with DronesB. How Production of Drones Can Be ExpandedC. What Difficulty Drone Development Will FaceD. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways语言知识语篇解读关键词Drones, the safety and reliability of railways主旨概要应用今天的空中之眼的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时 又能帮助铁路运营商每年节
16、省数十亿欧元。百科知识无人机自动机场按照公路路网沿线有序部署，依照平台预设的任务 计划，无人机自主起飞，遵循云管控平台规划的巡检航线，开展巡 检任务，任务完成后自动降落回收，全流程可无需人工干预。得益 于图像分割与识别技术，无人机可对路面进行精准定位，采集的图 像实时传输至云端AI识别系统，自主识别道路落石、路面损坏、山 体滑坡等异常事件，输出公路安全风险评估报告。重难点词drones 无人机；infrastructure 基础设施；重难点词That is the very likely .彳艮有 口能；high-tension electrical lines 同块压电线；on a 24/7
17、 basis每周7天、每天24小时运行长难句By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.通过使用最新的技术，无人 机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，检测铁路或道岔的故障， 以免引起任何安全问题【答案】28.A29. C 30. B 31. D【解析】28题详解】细
18、节理解题。根据文章第二段 “Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.（无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路
19、和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面， 如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置）”可知使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成 为可能。故选A。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文 “It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.（据统计，仅欧洲铁路
20、公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧 元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施）”可知花在maintenance上的 费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知 “That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety” 是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，划线词和C项：Inspection and repair（检修） 含义相近。故
21、选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 uEngineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously（工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念:未来的铁路无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨 道上运行，并被设定为自动运行）”可知铁路无人机有望让火车自动运行。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Can a small gr
22、oup of drones（无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying todays eyes in the sky,5 technology to making sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastr
23、ucture（基础设施）worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.（一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧 元?这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基 础设施全天候安全运行。）”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于 铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全； 第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要 讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”
24、符合文 章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。DThe Governments sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar
25、per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （肥月半）, It is believed that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury. Howeve
26、r, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers （制
27、造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers1 efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or i
28、mport, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing f
29、ewer than Im litres per year.Todays figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities （设施）and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of gre
30、at importance, and the industry is playing its part.32. Why was the sugar tax introduced?A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks.C. To protect childrens health.D. To encourage research in education.33. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?A. They turned
31、 to overseas markets.B. They raised the prices of their products.C. They cut down on their production.D. They reduced their products1 sugar content.34. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke.35. What can
32、 be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?A. It is a short-sighted decision.B. It is a success story.C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It upsets customers.语篇解读关键词sugar tax, soft drinks， childhood obesity主旨概要文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及青 少年的健康问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。百科知识软饮料(softdrink)：酒精含量低于0.5%(质量
33、比)的天然的或人工 配制的饮料。又称清凉饮料、无醇饮料。所含酒精限指溶解香精、 香料、色素等用的乙醇溶剂或乳酸饮料生产过程的副产物。语言知识重难点词obesity 肥胖；manufacturers 制造商；alcoholic 含酒精的重难点词块sugar tax 糖税;soft drinks 软饮料;childhood obesity 儿童肥胖；at a higher risk of the disease 高发病率；sports facilities 运动设施长难句It is believed that today*s children and teenagers are consuming
34、 three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.现在的儿童和青少年摄入的糖分是建议摄入量的三倍，使他们患病的风险更高。【答案】32.C33. D 34. D 35. B【解析】32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduc
35、ed to help reduce childhood obesity .（该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助 减少儿童肥胖。）可知，征收糖税的目的是帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C项。33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax.（止匕前， 制造商已经降低 了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料
36、的含糖量，以避免纳税。）”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低 了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small
37、companies manufacturing fewer than lm litres per year.（然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受 了糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料 是免税的，每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。）可知，糖税主要来自经典可口可 乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Todays figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is hav
38、ing by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.（根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它 为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑）可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政 策。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here ar
39、e five ways to sustain （保 持）long-distance friendships. Set a regular dateLong-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact （联系）and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36 More isnt always merrierMake sure you have c
40、ommunicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37. There are alternatives to constantwritten communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. Practise empathy （共情）38 . The friend who is remaining needs
41、 to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.39Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might ma
42、ke day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends* birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. Dont rely on technology alone40 , but long-distance friendships -even close ones -may requi
43、re more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.A. Remember important datesB. Compensate by writing lettersC. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeperD. Try to find a time that works
44、for both of you and stick to itE. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communicationF. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social mediaG. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind语篇解读关键词five ways , long-distance friendships主旨概要介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。百科知识友
45、谊是一种来自双向（或交互）关系的情感，即双方共同凝结的情 感，必须共同维系，任何单方面的示好或背离，不能称为友谊。友 谊以亲密为核心成分，亲密性也就成为衡量友谊程度的一个重要指 标。语言知识重难点词sustain 保持；contact 联系；empathy 共情；重难点词块keeps track of 记录；day-to-day communication 日常交流； long-distance friendships 异地友谊短文改错骑自行车的好处议论文97书面表达Learning English Beyond the Classroom应用文100（左右）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
46、做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是c。1. What does the man want to do?A. Have breakfast. B. Take a walk. C. Call his office.
47、2. What was George doing last night?A. Having a meeting. B. Flying home. C. Working on a project.3. Why does the man suggest going to the park?A. Its big. B. Its quiet. C. Its new.4. How does the woman sound?A. Annoyed. B. Pleased. C. Puzzled.5. Where is the mans table?长难句Make sure you have communic
48、ated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过了关于你们每个人 希望被联系的频率以及什么方法对你们最有效。Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends* birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. t己日 t己，i己录朋 友的生日和其他重要的日子，就能确保你不会错过任何事情。【答案】36 D 37. B 38. G 39. A 40. F【解析】【36题详解】上文 “