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1、2020-2021学年江苏省常州市天宁区常州高级中学高一上学期期末考英语试卷满分150分第一部分:听力（共两节,20小题;每小题1.5分，满分3（）分） 第二部分:阅读理解（共两节，满分5（）分）第一节：阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APortugaF s most beautiful seaside destinationsThe long coastline of Portugal is extraordinarily diverse. Wind your way along it and you wi
2、ll find true Portugal,its history,its heart and its soul.CascaisOriginally a little whitewashed fishing village, Cascais became a summer residence for wealthy noblemen in the late 19th century. It is now a busy, modern town, but along its shoreline,it still has palatial villas （富丽堂皇的别墅）,many of whic
3、h have been turned into hotels,and its pretty town square and old streets have kept their character.ComportaThis little village has,until recently,been a secret of the experts. With hotels now starting to open,the locals make the most of it before the crowds come. Blue waters wash such-picture-perfe
4、ct white sands that its hard to believe you re in Europe: walk the beach at sunset, or weave your way on horseback through the green rice fields before a meal of the freshest of fish on the seashore.Zambujeira do MarStanding between the fierce Atlantic and the plains of the Alentejo,the little fishi
5、ng village of Zambujeira do Mar has one of the regions most beautiful beaches, backed by high rock cliffs. For five days in August, one of Portugal5 s biggest youth music festivals, MEO Sudoeste, is held here. Dates for 2020 are August 4-8.LagosWhite-washed Lagos manages to maintain its character an
6、d charm while offering a lively nightlife for locals and tourists. An important naval centre in the 15th century, Lagos was also capital of the Algarve from 1576-1756. Extensively damaged in the 1755 earthquake,the town now consists of mostly 18th and 19th-century buildings. Visit Santo Antonio Chur
7、ch for its blue and white tiles and gilded （镀金的）woodwork.1. Which place is still a destination full of mysteries?故C项正确。3.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“the town now consists of mostly 18th and 19th-century buildings”可知，Lagos现存的老建筑物多为18、19世纪建造，故D项正确。B【答案】1-4 CACD【解答】1 .细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “Tabichi s father,uncle,and cousin
8、s have all worked as teachers. He could see that his relatives were making a real difference to people s lives and wanted to do the same.”可知，Tabichi的父亲、叔叔和表兄弟都是老师，他见证了他们给人们的生活带来了真 正的改变，他也想这样做，由此可知，老师在人们生活中所起的积极作用促使Tabichi想成为 一名老师，故C项正确。2 .主旨大意题。通读第二段内容，特别是根据However,working at a remote village school
9、 in Kenya hasn t been easy. 及“challenges and obstacles” 可知，在肯尼亚一所偏远的乡村学校 工作并不容易，充满了挑战和障碍，由此可知，本段主要讲的是Tabichi的学校所面临的困难, 故A项正确。3 .细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “So Tabichi spends most of his time outside of the classroom working on ways to keep kids in school.n可知，Tabichi把大部分时间花在研究如何让孩子们留 在学校上，也就是说他的大部分时间都用于劝阻学生辍学，故C项
10、正确。4 .推理判断题。根据全文的讲述可知，Tabichi为学生付出了很多，特别是根据第三段中的“To help those in poverty afford food,uniforms,and books, Tabichi also gives away 80 percent of his salary.”可知I,为了帮助那些贫困学生买得起食物、校服和书本，Tabichi还捐出了 80%的工 资，因此他是无私的，故D项正确。C【答案】1-4 CADB【解答】5 .细节理解题。根据文章首段首句 The meaning of silence varies among cultural grou
11、ps 可知， 作者认为沉默是有文化特性的。6 .细节理解题。根据第二段中 what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing可知中国人认为谈话时人们的沉默是在思考谈话 内容。7 .细节理解题。根据末段末句 A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients可知，
12、作者建议护士要利用沉默的好处来护理病 人。故选D o4,主旨要义题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默的不同含义，由此判断B 选项可以概括文章内容。故选B oD【答案】1-4ACDC【解答】1 推理判断题。文章第二段第一行：”but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend ” 得 知A选项正确；由文章第一段最后两行和第二自然段第一行得知，媒体只是报道，而且数字 听起来很小，并没有吸引公众关注，B选项错误；前两段内容中C选项未提及；D选项无中 生有，故A项正确。3 .细节理解题。文章第三段第一行提到 “But herd immuni
13、ty works only when nearly the whole herd joins in ”得知 C 选项为正确答案。由原文第 6 段看到“ making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out”得知A选项错误；第7段得知D选项错误，B选项文章未提及， 故C项正确。4 .推理判断题。文章由原文第 6 段，uMaking things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt outn可知D选项正确。A、B、C项原文未提及，故D项正确。5 .推理判
14、断题。根据最后一段第二行中Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they H exist only as long as everyone shares in the risk” 可以推断出 C 为正确答 案,A选项错误。B项“讨论治疗麻疹的方法”，并不是中心论点；D项太过宽泛，过度推断, 故C项正确。七选五【答案】CEFGB【解答】.细节理解题。上句指出，当不允许实验室的老鼠睡觉时，它们在一个月之内就死去了。本句是 上句的延伸，由动物转移到了人类。C项符合语境，意为“同样，人几天不睡觉的话也会生病”。1
15、.细节理解题。上句指出睡眠有助于加强新的记忆，下文对此进行了解释。本句应该是对这个 观点的回应,E项“那也就是为什么学生在学习之后如果有机会睡觉的话，他们就会考得更好” 符合语境。2 .推理判断题。下段首句指出“现在我们有最直接的证据证明他是正确的”，由此可知本句应 指出某人的观点。结合本段提出的“睡觉期间神经元之间的关联减弱，从而为第二天要形成的 新记忆腾出空间”，可以判断F项符合语境。3 .推理判断题。下句的synapses以及the mice为关键线索。下文指出T老鼠在睡完一觉后和 睡觉前“synapses”的不同，所以本句应该指出本次试验的内容，故G项符合语境。4 .细节理解题。上句指
16、此研究团队发现某些神经突触似乎得到了保护，并未发生变化,这正是 对某些重要记忆的保护，故B项正确：完形填空【答案】L5CDABD 6-10CABDB 11-15 BADCC 16-20ABADC.考查动词词义及语境理解。A. admitted承认；B. filled装满;C. supplied提供;D. recognized 认出，识别。在1906年，当年轻的戴尔是沃伦斯堡州立师范学院三年级学生，他首次发现这 种需要。故选D1 .考查名词义辨析及语境理解。A. assignment分配，任务;B. education教育;C. advantage 优势；D.instruclion教学，说明。这
17、里指卡耐基要受到教育，他与许多困难作斗争。故选B.考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. training训练；B. board这里指校车”；C. teaching教 学；D. equipment设备。他的爸爸付不起上大学的校车费用，因此戴尔不得不骑马跑12英里 去上课。故选B2 .考查介词词义及语境理解。A. between在之间;B. during在期间;Cover在上方；D. through穿过。学习不得不在日常农活之间完成。故选A3 .考查连词词义及语境理解。A. while然而；B. when当时候；C. because因为；D. though尽管。他从许多学校活动走开，因为他没有时间和衣
18、服。故选C4 .考查名词词义辨析及上下文连串。A. permits允许；B. interest兴趣；C. talent才能；D. clothes 衣服。根据后句He had only one good suit.可以推测出这里用名词clothes。故选D.考杳动词短语搭配及语境理解。本题考查短语try for谋求，争取。try on试穿；try in试戴。 他想争取加入足球队，但教练拒绝了他。故选B5 .考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A. light轻的；B. flexible灵活的；C. optimistic乐观的； D. outgoing外向的。根据这四个选择项可以判断，教练拒绝他的原因只
19、可能是因为他体重太 轻。故选A.考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. gaining获得;B. achieving取得；C. developing形成； D. obtaining获得。从语境可知，在这个时期，戴尔慢慢形成一种自卑感。故选C6 .考查动词词义辨析。A. prevent阻止；氏protect保护；C. save拯救；D. free释放。这里考 查短语prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。他的母亲知道这能够阻止他获得他的真正 的潜能。故选A.考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. suggested建议；B. demanded要求；C. required要求；
20、D. insisted坚持。她建议戴尔加入辩论队。故选A7 .考查名词短语辨析及语境理解。A. presence出现；B. practice练习；C patience耐心；D. potential潜能。她相信发言练习能够给他自信。故选B.考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A. hopefully有希望地；B. certainly当然，一定；C. finally 最终；D. naturally自然地。戴尔听从了他母亲的建议，不顾一切的尝试，几次尝试之后，最 终成功了。故选C8 .考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A. key关键的；B. breaking破裂的；C. basic基本的； D. turnin
21、g转折。从语境可知，这证明是他生命中的一个转折点。故选D.考瓷名词词义辨析。A. progress 进步；B. experience 经历；C. competence 能力；D. confidence 自信。在人群面前演讲的确帮助他获得他需要的自信。故选D9 .考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. horse-riding骑马；B. football足球;C. speech演讲;D. farming农业。到戴尔是大四学生的时候，他赢得了演讲的每一个最高荣誉。故选C17 .考查短语辨析及语境理解。A. in return作为回报;B. in brief简言之;C in turn轮流；D. in fa
22、ct事实上。现在，其他学生都来向他寻求指导。而他们也依次赢得了竞赛。故选C.考查动词词义辨析。A. convey传达；B. overcome克服；C. understand理解；D. build建 立。出于这早期的努力使他克服了自卑感。故选B18 .考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. express表达；B. stress强调；C. contribute贡献：D. repeat 重复。戴尔开始理解他向听众表达观念的能力建立了一个人的自信。故选A.考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。A. besides除之外；B. beyond超出；C like像；D. with随着。并且，拥有此，戴尔知道他能够做任何他
23、想要做的事情一一其他人也可以。故选D 语法填空【答案】1 .because2. whose3.Though4. had grown 5.whichto develop 7. is expected 8. has been 9. that10. hasntgiven【解答】.考查原因状语从句和谓语动词。句意:那是因为在2008年，星巴克公司关了超过70%的分 店。故填because o1 .考查定语从句和关系词。句意：那是因为在2008年，星巴克公司关了超过70%的业绩不好 的分店。故填whose。2 .考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管澳大利亚人很喜欢咖啡，但是这家总部位于西雅图的连锁 店没有在其他
24、国家取得同样的成功。故填Thougho.考查谓语动词。句意:星巴克于2000年在澳大利亚开业，到2008年已发展到近90家。 By+过去的时间点，要用过去完成时，故填had grown.3 .考查非限制性定语从句。句意:星巴克发展太快，增长速度超过了它的知名度，使澳大利亚 消费者有可能对星巴克品牌产生兴趣。故填which。4 .考查非谓语动词。句意：星巴克发展太快，增长速度超过了它的知名度，使澳大利亚消费 者有可能对星巴克品牌产生兴趣。make it adj. to do sth故填to developo.考杳谓语动词。句意：澳大利亚咖啡业预计在2020达到60亿美元的利润。故填is expe
25、cted5 8.考查谓语动词。句意：自20世纪中期以来，咖啡已成为澳大利亚人民生活的一部分。标志 词 since,故填 has been9 .考查定语从句。句意：它的咖啡和澳大利亚已经习惯了的咖啡很不一样。因为先行词是the one,故填 thato.考查谓语动词。句意：但是星巴克还没放弃澳大利亚市场。因为标志词yet,故填名词hasnt giveno翻译短语【答案】1. made a deep impressionanything but2. In honor ofIn store3. appeals to【解答】略作文【答案】Dear Jack,How is everything goin
26、g lately? Im glad that you are interested in the Spring Festival, and Im writing to share with you some typical traditional and customs.Usually, we decorate the house with paper-cuttings on the windows, Spring Festival couples on the door and NewYear paintings on the wall, which we believe will brin
27、g us good luck in the coming new year. Besides, we often have a big dinner with family members on the New Years Eve, always with fish as a dish in the hope that we can get more than we wish for every year. For us children, the most exciting moment is when we get red pockets form our elders.I hope yo
28、u can have a chance to experience the happy atmosphere yourself. Wish you good luck and happiness in the coming new year.【解答】略A. Lagos.B. Comporta.C. Cascais.D. Zambujeirado Mar.2. What is special about Zambujeira do Mar?A. It is a remote village.B. It faces the Pacific Ocean.C. It hosts a music fes
29、tival.D. It lies on high rock cliffs.3. When were most of the constructions in Lagos built?A. 14-15th centuries.B. 15-16th centuries.C. 16-17 th centuries.D. 18-19th centuries.BTabichis father,uncle,and cousins have all worked as teachers. He could see that his relatives were making a real differenc
30、e to peoples lives and wanted to do the same. So for the past 12 years, Tabichi has worked as a math and science teacher in the hope that his lessons will give students a chance to improve their situations.However,working at a remote village school in Kenya hasnt been easy. The unique challenges and
31、 obstacles have forced Tabichi to find unique solutions for his students. The school only has one computer and unreliable Internet access. The school also has no library or laboratory. To make matters worse,there are not enough books for all the students and the school is desperately in need of more
32、 teachers. Most of the students arc not able to concentrate, because they havent had enough meals at home.One of the other major challenges that Tabichi faces is keeping kids in school as long as possible. So Tabichi spends most of his time outside of the classroom working on ways to keep kids in sc
33、hool. When the 36-year-old gets the feeling that a student is at risk of dropping out, he works to persuade families to put more value in education. To help those in poverty afford food,uniforms, and books, Tabichi also gives away 80 percent of his salary. Despite all the obstacles he faces, Tabichi
34、 is credited for improving the school and keeping much of the villages youth in school. He has also managed to set up science clubs and addressed food insecurity issues.Thanks to his tireless work,his students have excelled. In recent years,students have won national and international science compet
35、itions. In March of 2019, Tabichi was voted the best teacher in the world and won the prize of $1 million.1. What inspired Tabichi to be a teacher?A. The high salary of teachers.B. His fathers demand on him.C. Contributions a teacher can make.D. His relatives encouragement.2. What is paragraph 2 mai
36、nly about?A. The difficulties Tabichis school faced.B. The life of a remote village in Kenya.C. Tabichis unique teaching ways for his students.D. Most of the students, distraction on their learning.3. What occupied Tabichis most time?A. Giving students the best lessons.B. Helping students get rid of
37、 poverty.C. Persuading students not to drop out.D. Getting students away from any risk.4. Which of the following can best describe Tabichi?A. Pitiful.B. Lucky.C. Punctual（守时的）.D. Selfless.C1. The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a
38、 person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap （间隙）with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it a
39、s necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied （暗
40、示）is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of po
41、wer. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still an
42、other use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should
43、 recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing （治愈）value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from
44、other cultures.1. What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger.B.It promotes friendship.C.It is culture-specific.D.lt is content-based.2. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A.The Chinese.B.The French.C.The Mexicans.D.The Rus
45、sians.3. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B.Break it while treating patients.C.Evaluate its harm to patients.D.Make use of its healing effects.4. What may be the best title for the text? A.Sound and SilenceB.What It Means to Be SilentC.S
46、ilence to Native Americans0.Speech Is Silver; Silence Is GoldDMeasles（麻疹），which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more,was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use ofthe MMR vaccine（疫苗）.But thedisease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-va
47、ccine movement andmisinformalion that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles caseshave been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.The numbers might sound small, but they arethe leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, asthey still a
48、re in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity，which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who canl be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to gctvaccinatcd and people on whom the vaccine doesn work.But herd immunity works only when n
49、early thewhole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride,immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.Thats exactly what is happening in smallncighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., wh