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1、单元素养评价（四）（Unit 4）（120分钟150分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。Text 1M: Hi, Sarah. Have you got any plans for the weekend?W: No, not really.M: Why? Well, Tom and I were thinking of having a barbecue on the
2、beach.1. What does the man plan to do on the weekend?A. Stay at home.B. Have a barbecue.C. Go swimming.答案：BText 2W: With light music and beautiful decorations, it makes me comfortable here.M: Please look at the menu and see what you d like to have.2. Where does the conversation probably take place?A
3、. In a gym. B. In a restaurant.C. In a store.答案：BText 3W: When will you be home?M: Around three.W: OK. P 11 need the car after that. I m going to the movies with Sharon.M: Oh. I was hoping to take you out to dinner.3. Where does the woman want to go tonight?A. To the supermarket. B. To the theater.不
4、是为了彼此，而是为了与主人交流。猫的主人应花时间了解唯唯叫的含义，多和自己的猫 沟通，增加彼此的感情。24. If a cat, together with other cats, finds its body hurts, it may express it with its .A. tail B. eyes C. head D. voice【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据第二段第四句With other cats, they will use their voices only to express pain. 可知，如果一只猫和其他的猫一起，发现自己的身体受伤 了，它会用声音来表达。25.
5、 When a human enters a room wi th some cats, what wi11 they do?A. Stop making any noise.B. Use their tails to show love.C. Begin to use vocal expressions.D. Stop communicating with each other.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第五句Unbelievably, all of that changes when a human walks into the room. Cats use many diffe
6、rent kinds of vocal expressions when they communicate with a person. 可知，当有人进屋时，小猫们就会冲着这个人发出不 同的叫声。26. What are cat owners advised to do?A. Communicate more with cats.B. Learn to meow in different ways.C. Encourage cats to talk with each other.D. Teach cats to understand human language.【解析】选Ao推理判断题。根
7、据最后一段第一句Since cats have learned to meow for the only purpose of communicating with human owners, their owners should take the time to learn what their different meows mean. ”可知,作者建议猫的主人应花时间了解啮 哺叫的含义，多与自己的猫沟通。27. What is the text mainly about?A. The language of cats.B. Advice on keeping pets.C. Pets
8、different expressions.D. Communication among cats.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句However, cats have developed a language not for each other, but for the human beings who have them as pets. ” 可知，这篇 文章主要讲了宠物猫已经发展出一种与主人交流的语言。C（2021长沙高二检测）Many people believe that you lose the ability to learn new languages as yo
9、u get older. Language experts, however, will tel 1 you that you, re never too old to learn a new language. As you get older, it can be more difficult to learn a new language, though.Children and adults learn new languages in different ways. For children, language is their life. They study for thousa
10、nds of hours every year, because they need to learn languages to become part of their communities. Adults, on the other hand, are already part of a language community. Learning a new language means becoming part of another language community, and adults rarely get the chance to practice as much as y
11、oung children do.Moreover, children learning a new language are expected to make mistakes. This gives them freedom when learning to be daring and confident. Adults, however, often feel pressured to be perfect when learning a new language. This can discourage many people and make it even harder to le
12、arn a new language.When young chi Idren learn a new language, they come to see al 1 kinds of languages as a “normal“ part of society. This mindsei（思维模式）helps them embrace learning a new language without feeling like they re doing something unusual or “too hard”.So if you want to learn a new language
13、, go for it! It s never too late to learn a new language. If you* re older, it may take more work, but it can be done. If you re a young child, though, now it is the time to step out and learn a new language!【文章大意】本文是议论文。文章通过比较成人和儿童学习语言的方式和思维模式的不同，说 明学习语言任何时候都不晚。28. By saying “language is their life
14、“ in Paragraph 2, the author means that children .A. can t live without languagelead a happy life every dayB. practice a new language a lotare taken good care of by adults【解析】选C。词句猜测题。根据下文“They study for thousands of hours every year” 可知，孩子们用大量的时间去学习和练习语言。因此推断通过说“language is their life” 作者的意思是孩子们要对语
15、言进行大量练习。29. What may make it hard for adults to learn a new language?A. They often feel pressured.B. They usually have too many interests.C. They think making mistakes is natural.D. They always make all kinds of mistakes.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段“Adults, however, often feel pressured to be perfect when lea
16、rning a new languagen可知，成人学语言时有压力是因为总想做到完美， 怕出错，这就阻碍了他们学语言。30. Which of the following shows the difference between children and adults in learning a new language?A. The behavior they have.B. The learning attitudes.C. The future plans they have made.D. The materials they are using.【解析选B。推理判断题。根据第三段可知
17、，成年人在学习一门新语言时，往往因为追求完 美感到有压力。这会使许多人气馁，使学习一门新语言变得更加困难。而孩子学习新语言的 思维模式使他们不觉得自己在做一些不寻常的事情。因此推断学习态度是成人和孩子学习新 语言的区别。31. According to the author, a new language .A. can never be learned by the old peoplecan be learned by the old people easilyB. can be understood only by the old peoplecan be learned by both
18、 the old and the young【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据笫五段It s never too late to learn a new languagen 可知，学习一门新语言永远不会太晚。无论年龄大小，都可以学习新语言。新语言是老年人 和年轻人都能学习的东西。DThere arc around 6, 000 living languages in the world and at least half of these are in danger. In every part of the world, languages are disappearing. In fact,
19、one scientist has said that languages are in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals. Professor Steve Sutherland of the University of East Anglia says that in the past 500 years 4. 5 percent of languages have died outcompared with 1. 3 percent of birds, and 1. 9 percent of mammals.Languages
20、come and go, and thousands have done exactly that without leaving any trace. Only a very few-Basque, Greek and Latin among them-have lasted more than 2, 000 years. But it seems that the pace of their disappearance is becoming quicker.The Ethnologue, a database of all the languages spoken in the worl
21、d, states that 417 languages are spoken by so few people that they are in the final stciges of becoming extinct. If very few people speak a language, it will probably die out.Languages may be lost through migration （迁移）， as people move from small towns to city centers, or when environments are destr
22、oyed by the search for oil or wood. Natural disasters can also destroy populations, and along with them, their language. Governments also play a role in the extinction of languages. The need to establ ish “official languages, for a country to educate its children and carry out its business, had a di
23、sastrous effect on many small languages.What is lost if a language is lost? Some people argue that languages die as the human race develops. Obviously there could be great benefits if everyone in the world spoke the same language-some industries already reflect this, with English essential for pi lo
24、ts and air traffic controllers. But there are more important things than convenience. As languages are lost, who 1e ways of life and know 1 edge may be lost along with them.To put it simply, language expresses something about identity, about our place in the world. Ani Rauhihi, a Maori teacher in Ne
25、w Zealand* s North Island, sums it up: If you grow up speaking our language, you won t know who you are. ”【文章大意】本文是说明文。主要介绍了语言不断消失的现象以及导致语言消失的原因。32. What do the figures mentioned in the first paragraph suggest?A. Most languages have died out completely.B. Languages arc in great danger of extinction.
26、C. Animals are disappearing faster than languages.D. Languages are disappearing slower than before.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，东安格利亚大学的史蒂夫萨瑟兰教 授说，在过去500年中，有4. 5%的语言已经灭绝，而鸟类和哺乳动物的这一比例分别为1. 3%和1. 9%o所以通过数字的对比可以判断出第一段列的数字就是为了说明科学家史蒂夫萨 瑟兰的观点：languages are in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals,
27、 “语 言比鸟类和哺乳动物更有灭绝的危险”，也就是语言正处于灭绝的危险之中。33. What wi11 happen whi1e people moved?A. Populations wi11 reduce.B. Food will grow well.C. Language will disappear.D. People become strangers.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，当人们从小城镇迁移到城市中心，或者 当环境因寻找石油或木材而被破坏时，语言可能会在迁移过程中消失。紧接着说自然灾害也 会毁灭人口，以及他们的语言。所以迁移会导致语言消失。34. What
28、will come about if a language is lost?A. There will be great trouble.B. There is no need to worry about it.C. Its culture and knowledge will also be lost.D. People will be able to conununicatc with others conveniently.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句As languages are lost, whole ways of life and knowledge ma
29、y be lost a 1 ong with them”可知，随着语言的消失,与之相应 的生活方式和知识也会消失。所以如果一种语言消失了，它的文化和知识也将消失。故选C。35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Languages reflect our identity.B. People wi11 speak the same language one day.C. Fewer people will remember their own languages.D. Ani Rauhihi cares less about langua
30、ges dying out.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句To put it simply, language expresses something about identity, about our place in the world. ” 可知，简单地说，语言表 达了身份，表达了我们在世界上的位置。由此判断出语言反映了我们的身份。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。Communication is possibly one of the most importa
31、nt business skills. Good communication makes you more popular. 36 Here are some tips to help you become a better communicator.Listen. Most of us are terrible listeners. Instead of truly listening to what the person is saying, we interrupt （打断）， prepare our response, or think we already know what the
32、 speaker is going to say next. 37Pay attention to body language. Body language can tell you just as much as what a person says, if not more. 38 Is your coworker saying she can finish her task on time, but wringing （搓）her hands while she says it? Sho might be afraid to tell you it will be hard to mak
33、e the due date.39 Not everyone likes to communicate in the same way. Emai 1 works for some, but others wou 1 d rather pick up the phone and talk, text, or even use social media to say something. Respect the person you re trying to communicate with and use the method he/she accepts more easily.Consid
34、er your tone （语调）.The problem with email and social media is that it can be difficult to determine the tone. 40 But if it comes off pushy or angry, you could cause a misunderstanding with the recipient. Make sure your language is clear, and if you are angry, take a few minutes to cool down before yo
35、u type. A. Try to avoid being too serious.B. You may mean something as a joke.C. Consider communication preference.D. Watch carefully how they act when they talk.E. See how others respond to your communication.F. Yet many of us havenJ t been trained in how to communicate with others.G. It s impossib
36、le to understand what someone needs if we don t give them our full attention.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者给出了一些帮助读者成为一个更好交流者的建议。36 .【解析】选F。根据上文提示“良好的沟通会让你更受欢迎。”再根据下文提示“这里有 一些建议可以帮助你成为一个更好的沟通者。”选项与上文为转折关系且承接下文，F项“然 而，我们中的许多人还没有接受过如何与他人沟通的训练。”符合题意。故选F。37 .【解析】选G。根据上文提示“我们没有认真听对方在说什么，而是打断对方，准备我们 的回答，或者认为我们已经知道对方接下
37、来要说什么。”此处承接上文，选项G “如果我们不 给予他们充分的关注，就不可能理解他们的需求。”符合题意。空格前的.we interrupt, prepare our response, or think we already know what the speaker is going to say next” 都是选项 G 中“we don t give them our full attention” 的具体表现。故选 G。38 .【解析】选D。根据上文提示“肢体语言能告诉你和别人说的话一样多，如果不是更多的 话。”此处承接上文，选项D中的“仔细观察他们说话时的动作。”符合题意。故选D。
38、39 .【解析】选C。通读本段内容可知，本段主要说明了不同的人喜欢不同的沟通方式，因此 要考虑到对方交流方式的偏好。选项C中提到的“考虑一下交流的偏好”。符合题意。故选C。40 .【解析】选B。根据上文提示“电子邮件和社交媒体的问题在于，很难确定基调.”再根 据下文提示“但是如果你表现得咄咄逼人或者很生气，你可能会导致对方产生误解。”此处 承接上下文，选项B中提到的“你可能是在开玩笑”。符合题意。故选B。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When my daught
39、er was in first grade, lovely bands were in fashion. One day when she arrived home 41 playing with neighboring kids, I noticed her col lection of bands had doubled. When I asked why, her cheeks went red and a 42 just came out一 uBronwyn gave them to me!”1 didn t want to believe she could have done th
40、is. I hoped the 43 could be that her friend actually had given her those bands. But her body language was 44 loud and clear “I STOLE THEM! ”I asked her to 45 what she had done, and 46 the bands to their owner.But it wasn, t as 47 as I had thought. At first, she thought I was kidding. Then, she 48 I
41、knew what had really happened. At that moment, her 49 expression nearly made mo change my mind. But, my wish to not 50 a thief was a bit stronger.So I 51 and said, I m going to cal 1 over there and make sure you do the right thing.”There are many moments when we have to make our kids 52 a mistake.So
42、metimes, it is a（n） 53 mistake. Other times we know that they know _54 what they are doing. Getting them to recognize a mistake is a tough but necessary responsibility we have as 55 and I m sure it s the proper thing to do.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的女儿偷了别人的东西并对作者撒谎，作 者教育女儿，让她承认并改正了自己的错误。文章告诉我们让孩子改正错误是父母
43、的责任。41. A. since B. whi 1 eC. after D. as【解析】选Co根据空格前的she arrived home可知，她应该是和邻居的孩子玩完之后才回 家的。故选C。42. A. song B. secret C. lie D. name【解析】选C。根据后文的I STOLE THEM!（我偷了它们）可知，这里女儿对我说了一个谎言。 故选C43. A. truthB. evidenceC. newsD. information【解析】选A。根据上文内容可知，我不愿意相信女儿说谎了，可推断出我希望她说朋友给她 皮筋的事情是个事实。故选A。44. A. singingB
44、. whisperingC. questioningD. speaking【解析】选及 根据空格后的loud and clear和I STOLE THEM!可知,女儿的肢体语言是在 大声地说出这句话。故选I）。45. A. report B. explainC. hideD. repeat【解析】选B。根据上文内容可知，作者的女儿对作者撒谎了，可推断出这里作者希望女儿对她犯的错误做出解释。故选B。46. A. throw B. lendC. sellD. return【解析】选D。根据上文内容可知，女儿偷了别人的东西，可推断出应该是把东西还给主人。故选D。47. A. easyB. neces
45、sary C. reasonable D. terrible【解析】选A。根据后文内容可知，女儿起初以为我在开玩笑，后来我看到女儿伤心的表情又 有些不忍心，可推断出让女儿承认错误的过程并不容易。故选A。48. A. forgot B. realizedC. ignoredD. denied【解析】选B。根据后文内容可知，女儿脸上露出了悲伤的表情，由此可推断出，她意识到了 我知道到底发生了什么事。故选B。49. A. sadB. cheerfulC. blankD. curious【解析】选A。根据上文内容可知，女儿意识到了妈妈知道了她偷东西的事情，可推断出脸上 的表情应该是悲伤的。故选A。50
46、. A. raiseB. catchC. cheatD. educate【解析选A。根据内容可知，这里指代作者不想自己辛苦养育的女儿成为一个小偷，可推断 出作者是不想养育一个小偷。故选A。51. A. movedB. criedC. insistedD. laughed【解析】选C。根据前文内容可知，作者不想自己养育的女儿成为小偷，所以尽管不忍心，仍 然坚持说让女儿改正错误。故选C.52. A. discover B. correctC. make D. avoid【解析】选B。根据内容可知，上文讲述的是作者要求女儿改正偷东西的错误，可推断出空格 处应是让孩子们改正错误。故选B。53. A.
47、obviousB. seriousC. unusualD. honest【解析】选Ao根据后文提到的Other times we know that they know.可知，空格处 与后文错误形成对照关系，指代的是他们犯的可以明显看出来的错误。故选A。54. A. exactlyB. finallyC. originallyC. originallyD. gradually【解析】选A。根据后文提到的Getting them to recognize a mistake is a lough可知，让 他们承认错误是困难的，由此可推断出他们确切地知道自己犯了错，但不愿承认。故选A。 55. A
48、. managersB. parentsC. journalistsD. teachers【解析】选B。根据内容可知，主要讲述的是一位母亲让女儿承认错误的故事，可推断出让孩 子们承认错误是父母必须承担的责任。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题L 5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021 南昌高二检测)Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It has 56 population of over 180 million, making it the most populous country in Africa. Nigeria is famous 57 crude oil, music and fashion.Last year I volunteered in Nigeria for 7 months. My role was to set up youth clubs in primary and secondary schools. The purpose of the youth clubs was 58 (teach) children life skills s