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1、2.1 2010 by Prentice Hall2Chapter Global E-Business:Global E-Business:How Businesses Use How Businesses Use Information SystemsInformation Systems2.2 2010 by Prentice HallLEARNING OBJECTIVESManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Inf
2、ormation SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsDefine and describe business processes and their relationship to information systems.Evaluate the role played by systems serving the various levels of management in a business and their relationship to each other.Expla
3、in how enterprise applications,collaboration and communication systems,and intranets improve organizational performance.Explain the difference between e-business,e-commerce,and e-government.2.3 2010 by Prentice HallThe Tata Nano Makes History Using Digital ManufacturingProblem:Outdated manufacturing
4、 processes,time-consuming manual labor.Solutions:Digital manufacturing systems allowed Tata to create a$2,500 car without sacrificing safety or value.Dassault Systems Digital Enterprise Lean Manufacturing Interactive Application drastically reduced development cycle.Demonstrates ITs role in fosterin
5、g innovation and improving efficiency.Illustrates the benefits of updating manufacturing-related business processes.Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information
6、 Systems2.4 2010 by Prentice HallBusiness Processes and Information SystemsBusiness processes:Workflows of material,information,knowledgeSets of activities,stepsMay be tied to functional area or be cross-functionalBusinesses:Can be seen as collection of business processesBusiness processes may be as
7、sets or liabilitiesManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.5 2010 by Prentice HallExamples of functional business processesManufacturing and produ
8、ctionAssembling the productSales and marketingIdentifying customersFinance and accountingCreating financial statementsHuman resourcesHiring employeesManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Busine
9、ss:How Businesses Use Information SystemsBusiness Processes and Information Systems2.6 2010 by Prentice HallThe Order Fulfillment ProcessThe Order Fulfillment ProcessFigure 2-1Fulfilling a customer order involves a complex set of steps that requires the close coordination of the sales,accounting,and
10、 manufacturing functions.Business Processes and Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.7 2010 by Prentice HallBusiness Process
11、es and Information SystemsInformation technology enhances business processes in two main ways:Increasing efficiency of existing processesAutomating steps that were manualEnabling entirely new processes that are capable of transforming the businessesChange flow of informationReplace sequential steps
12、with parallel stepsEliminate delays in decision makingManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.8 2010 by Prentice HallTransaction processing system
13、sPerform and record daily routine transactions necessary to conduct businessExamples:sales order entry,payroll,shippingAllow managers to monitor status of operations and relations with external environmentServe operational levelsServe predefined,structured goals and decision makingEx:Payroll TPS,Bio
14、metric Attendance SystemTypes of Business Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.9 2010 by Prentice HallManagement information
15、 systemsServe middle managementProvide reports on firms current performance,based on data from TPSProvide answers to routine questions with predefined procedure for answering themTypically have little analytic capabilityTypes of Business Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement In
16、formation SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.10 2010 by Prentice HallDecision support systems(Business Intelligence Systems)Serve middle managementSupport nonroutine decision makingExample:What
17、is the impact on production schedule if December sales doubled?What would happen to our return on investment if a factory schedule were delayed for six months?Often use external information(like stock prices,product prices of competitors)as well from TPS and MISTypes of Business Information SystemsM
18、anagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.11 2010 by Prentice HallModel driven DSSVoyage-estimating systems American metals company,carry bulk cargoe
19、s of coal,oil,ores etc.Calculates financial(ship/time costs,fuel,labor,capital)and technical(cargo capacity,speed,port distance,fuel and water consumption)voyage details.DSS can answer questions such as:Given a customer delivery schedule and an offered freight rate,which vessel should be assigned at
20、 what rate to maximise profits?What is the optimal speed at which a particular vessel can optimise its profit and still meet its delivery schedule?Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business
21、:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.12 2010 by Prentice HallData driven DSSIntrawests marketing analysis systems largest ski operator in N.AmericaCollects and stores vast amounts of customer data from website,call center,lodging reservations,ski schools,and ski equipment rental stores.DSS segme
22、nts customers into seven categories based on needs,attitudes,and behaviorsEmails video clips that would appeal each segment to encourage more visits to its resortsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemschapteR 2 globaL E-businesS:hoW businesseS usE informatioN systemchapteR 2 gl
23、obaL E-businesS:hoW businesseS usE informatioN system2.13 2010 by Prentice HallHow Management Information Systems Obtain Their How Management Information Systems Obtain Their Data from the Organizations TPSData from the Organizations TPSFigure 2-3In the system illustrated by this diagram,three TPS s
24、upply summarized transaction data to the MIS reporting system at the end of the time period.Managers gain access to the organizational data through the MIS,which provides them with the appropriate reports.Types of Business Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information Syste
25、msChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.14 2010 by Prentice HallSample MIS ReportSample MIS ReportFigure 2-4This report,showing summarized annual sales data,was produced by the MIS in Figure 2-3.Types of
26、Business Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.15 2010 by Prentice HallVoyage-Estimating Decision Support SystemVoyage-Estima
27、ting Decision Support SystemFigure 2-5This DSS operates on a powerful PC.It is used daily by managers who must develop bids on shipping contracts.Types of Business Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Informatio
28、n SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.16 2010 by Prentice HallExecutive support systemsSupport senior management and answers questions such as:What will employment levels be in 5 years?What are the long-term industry cost trends and where does our firm fit in?W
29、hat products should we be making in 5 years?etcAddress nonroutine decisions requiring judgment,evaluation,and insight,which do not depend on agreed procedures for arriving at a solution.Incorporate data about external events(e.g.new tax laws or competitors)as well as summarized information from inte
30、rnal MIS and DSSExample:ESS that provides minute-to-minute view of firms financial performance as measured by working capital,accounts receivable,accounts payable,cash flow,and inventoryTypes of Business Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global
31、E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.17 2010 by Prentice HallModel of an Executive Support SystemModel of an Executive Support SystemFigure 2-6This system pools data from diverse internal and external sources and makes t
32、hem available to executives in easy-to-use form.Types of Business Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.18 2010 by Prentice H
33、allEnterprise applicationsSpan functional areasExecute business processes across firmInclude all levels of managementEnterprise applications are used to ensure that TPS,MIS,DSS,and ESS work together smoothly.Four major applications:Enterprise systemsSupply chain management systemsCustomer relationsh
34、ip management systemsKnowledge management systemsSystems That Span the EnterpriseManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.19 2010 by Prentice HallE
35、nterprise Application ArchitectureEnterprise Application ArchitectureFigure 2-7Enterprise applications automate processes that span multiple business functions and organizational levels and may extend outside the organization.Systems That Span the EnterpriseManagement Information SystemsManagement I
36、nformation SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.20 2010 by Prentice HallEnterprise systemsCollects data from different firm functions and stores data in single central data repositoryResolves prob
37、lem of fragmented,redundant data sets and systemsEnable:Coordination of daily activitiesEfficient response to customer orders(production,inventory)Provide valuable information for improving management decision makingSystems That Span the EnterpriseManagement Information SystemsManagement Information
38、 SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.21 2010 by Prentice HallEnterprise SystemsEnterprise SystemsFigure 2-8Enterprise systems integrate the key business processes of an entire firm into a single
39、software system that enables information to flow seamlessly throughout the organization.These systems focus primarily on internal processes but may include transactions with customers and vendors.Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses U
40、se Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsSystems That Span the Enterprise2.22 2010 by Prentice HallSupply chain management systemsManage firms relationships with suppliersShare information aboutOrders,production,inventory levels,delivery of products and
41、 servicesGoal:Right amount of products to destination with least amount of time and lowest costSystems That Span the EnterpriseManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use
42、Information Systems2.23 2010 by Prentice HallExample of a Supply Chain Management SystemExample of a Supply Chain Management SystemFigure 2-9Customer orders,shipping notifications,optimized shipping plans,and other supply chain information flow among Haworths Warehouse Management System(WMS),Transpo
43、rtation Management System(TMS),and its back-end corporate systems.Types of Business Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.24
44、2010 by Prentice HallCustomer relationship management systems:Provide information to coordinate all of the business processes that deal with customers in sales,marketing,and service to optimize revenue,customer satisfaction,and customer retentionIntegrate firms customer-related processes and consoli
45、date customer information from multiple communication channelsSystems That Span the EnterpriseManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.25 2010 by P
46、rentice HallKnowledge management systemsSupport processes for acquiring,creating,storing,distributing,applying,integrating knowledgeCollect internal knowledge and link to external knowledgeInclude enterprise-wide systems for:Managing documents,graphics and other digital knowledge objectsDirectories
47、of employees with expertise Systems That Span the EnterpriseManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.26 2010 by Prentice HallIntranets:Internal net
48、works built with same tools and standards as InternetUsed for internal distribution of information to employeesTypically utilize private portal providing single point of access to several systemsMay connect to companys transaction systemsSystems That Span the EnterpriseManagement Information Systems
49、Management Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information Systems2.27 2010 by Prentice HallExtranets:Intranets extended to authorized users outside the companyExpedite flow of information between firm an
50、d its suppliers and customersCan be used to allow different firms to collaborate on product design,marketing,and productionSystems That Span the EnterpriseManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-Business:How Businesses Use Information SystemsChapter 2 Global E-