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1、2018年天津商业大学基础英语考研真题I Structure & Vocabulary (每小题1分，共25分)Directions: In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. 1. Intellect is to the mind _soul is to the body.a. as b. since c. if d. what2. In the early industri
2、alized countries of Europe, the process of industrialization was spread over nearly a century, _a developing nation nowadays underwent the same process in a decade or so.a. just as b. thereby c. whereas d. nevertheless3. For there _successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvemen
3、t itself by all present. a.to be b.is c .will be d. being4.Five minutes earlier, _we would have caught the last train.a. and b .or c. but d. so5. In the course of a day, students do far more than just _classes a. attend b. attended c. to attend d. attending6. In 1945 he worked for Hambros Bank, tour
4、ing the Middle East to report on _diamond trading.a. elicitb. illiberal c. illuminant d. illicit7. Some people want to _ the monument, while others want to preserve it so that the young generation could not forget the tragic history.a. demolish b. annihilate c. wreck d. ruin8. Theseriousillness_himo
5、fhissightandtheuseofhisleg. a.robbedb.excludedc.deprivedd.gripped 9.The_earthquakelastmonthcausedhundredsofpeoplehomeless. a.unguardedb.overwhelmingc.devastatingd.evil10.Mountainlifeproducesastrong,tough_ofmen. a.generation b.geniusc.breedd.gang 11.Doesbrainpower_aswegetolder?Scientistsnowhavesomesu
6、rprisinganswers. a.collapse b.descendc.deduced.decline 12. Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children _a violent act previously seen on television.a. modifying b. reconstructing c. accelerating d. duplicating 13. When the storm broke, the flock of sheep were _ in all directions.
7、 a. straying b. dispersing c. separating d. distributing14. Being careless, she had her arm _ by the barbed wire.a. lacerated b. lamented c. juggled d.bemoaned15. Missiles were mounted at various points to _ the enemy aircrafts.a. integrate b. jeopardize c. intercept d. interrogate16. It is well kno
8、wn that knowledge is the _ condition for expansion of mind.a. incompatible b. incredible c. indefinite d. indispensable.17. The flowers _from lack of water.a. withered b. flourished c. vanished d. stopped growing18. At the inauguration ceremony. The newly elected president _ his speech with a few wo
9、rds of thanks to his supporters. a. preceded b. proceeded c. precluded d. advanced19. The rescue was _after several attempts because the snowstorm was getting worse. a. deserted b. abandoned c .ceased d. rejected20. She is one of the few professors in this department who have_.a. bogey b. cessation
10、c. tenure d. penitence21. Small children are often_ to nightmares after hearing ghost stories in the dark. a. definitive b. perceptible c. incipient d. susceptible22. Their relations during the divorce proceeding had been mostly friendly, so his _ in the judges chambers surprised her. a. bellicose b
11、. belligerence c. rebellion d. appease23. The current production methods will soon be rendered _since new and better ways are said to be invented. a. ancient b. antique c. obsolete d. archaic24. Animals or persons that behave in a fierce, cruel or savage way are usually referred to as _.a. ferocious
12、 b. ferrous c. impetuous d. judicious25. Her bracelet is one of the several valuable gifts _ on her when she visited the royal family.a. granted b. bestowed c. awarded d. confirmed II Error Correction (每小题2分，共10分)Directions: In this passage there are altogether 5 mistakes in the five numbered and un
13、derlined sentences. Try to detect the mistakes and write out your corrected answers on the Answer Sheet. 提示：没有拼写和标点符号错误。Sample test: He commenced helping the poor. commenced to helpMy first marriage was a childless one that ended ten years ago. Now 41, I married my second husband Gary, who was eight
14、 years my senior. （1）Because neither of us had brought up the topic of a child before we tied the nuptial knot, I knew I had to take immediate action if I did want one. After turning over all the scenarios, we came up with one advantage: allowing me to experience motherhood, an advantage set off by
15、a list of disadvantages: high risk of childbirth for me, sagging energy that would make us pant while chasing a toddler, possible financial difficulties after retirement, and even the embarrassment to hear someone say “Your grandson is really cute”. I would turn 48 when my child entered the first gr
16、ade and 60 if I was to see his high school diploma. Garys numbers would look even more disheartening. With all the extra work and stress coming from the anticipatable and the unforeseeable, we might not be fit enough to attend our childs college graduation. When Gary and I made the sad but practical
17、 decision to stick just to each other, I was torn in half in a grave yard silence that followed. (2)Gary had to arrange a trip to the east coast to help easy my disappointment.(3)We were two hours into the deep ocean on a whale watch tour in Boston when a huge humpback suddenly jumped out and flippe
18、d over in the air before it dropped belly up, caused tons of water to explode. But before my widened eyes could blink, the creature leaped out a second time, accompanied by a baby whale. Then the bodies went down while the tails shot up, making one spattering after another. The crowd went crazy; and
19、 I was mesmerized, not as much by the fantastic sighting as by the closeness of this whale family. My eyes began to swim, and my heart ached.The mother whale must be teaching her baby, and she must be brimming with pride. (4)Gary was busy videotaping, but I wiped my eyes with the back of my hand and
20、 started wondering if some commonsense was worth questioned. How incomplete I would feel for the rest of my life! I wouldnt have the opportunities to hear the first baby cry, to be enchanted by the sweet babbling and constant leg kicks, to witness the first roll over, the first effort to stand up, t
21、he first step, let alone the wedding, the blessing of being a grandma I would pay to be torn with birth pain; (5)I would pay to have sleepless nights so my baby could sleep in lullaby; I would pay to parent a teenager; I would pay toThat night I didnt take my pill, and I made love with passion. That
22、 night I had a dream: I flipped over the ocean with ecstasy, and I wasnt alone.III. Paraphrasing (每小题2分，共20分)Section A: Choose the best one among the three choices that closely restates the underlined part of the sentence. REMEMBER to write your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1.I see the German bombers
23、 and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and safer prey.a. I can see the German bombers and fighters in the sky who learned from the British air force how to fight, now feel happy because they think they can easily beat t
24、he Russian air force without heavy loss.b. I can see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, after suffering severe losses in the aerial battle of England, now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss.c. I can see the German bombers and fighters
25、 in the sky, who, after suffering severe losses in the aerial battle of England, now feel happy because they think they can stay safe and comfortable at home.2. The Duchess of Croydon-three centuries and a half of inbred arrogance behind her-did not yield easily.a. The Duchess wouldnt give up easily
26、 because she had read history books of the past three hundred and 50 years. b. The Duchess who was as proud as the noble ancestors of three centuries and a half wouldnt give up easily. c. The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families with a history of three centuri
27、es and a half. She wouldnt give up easily. 3. The computer might appear to be a dehumanizing factor, but the opposite in that is true.a. The computer might appear to make human beings machinelike，but it can also destroy human beings.b. The computer might degrade human beings，but it can bring some hu
28、man qualities into our lives as wellc. The computer might appear to make human beings machinelike，but it can bring some human qualities into our lives as well4. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid being concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle betw
29、een the kimono and miniskirt. a. The attractive scene in Japan is that the high building is like kimono while the small floating house is like miniskirt.b. The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between old tradition and new development. c. The co
30、nstant fighting between old traditional people and young people usually takes place between the high buildings and small floating houses in Japan.5. She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand.a. She thinks that her sister does not take life seriously.b. She thinks that her si
31、ster has a firm control of her life. c. She thinks that her sister has her life controlled by the others.6. Mark Twain digested the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer.a. Mark Twain first observed and absorbed the new American experience, and then introduc
32、e it to the world in his books or lectures. b. Mark Twain first travelled around America, and then introduce it to the world in his books or lectures.c. Mark Twain read the new published book American experience before introducing it to the world in his books or lectures.7. Spectators paid to gaze a
33、t the ape and ponder whether they might be related.a. People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have the same behavior.b. People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could ha
34、ve a common ancestry.c. People must pay the price of looking at the ape, which makes then think carefully whether apes and humans are all aggressive.8. She existed for me only as a vaguely embarrassing presence.a. I only knew her as a person whose appearance makes others feel awkward.b. Her presence
35、 for me is no more than invisible person.c. I only knew her as a person who would make other people feel ill at ease.9. They make it harder to make a big killing in good times, (because you have to share the trade with other members.)a. They make it more difficult to kill a lot of animals when it is
36、 ideal hunting time.b. They make it more difficult to make a large amount of money when economic conditions are favorable.c. They make it more difficult to make a large amount of grain even if the whether is favorable for harvest.10. Or maybe Lauras unwitting influence has called it out.a. Or maybe
37、my suppressed inclination has been brought out under Lauras unintentional influenceb. Or maybe Lauras naivety has helped me release my potential feelingc. Or maybe Lauras unintentional influence has made me aware of the meaning of life.IV Blank filling (每空2分，共20分)Directions: Choose the right word fr
38、om the list in the box below for each blank.eat charm rift tilled natives differences resistance wings villa ignorantly barrier attack flames asking reconsidering sty descendants unconsciously The glow of the conversation burst into _1_. There were affirmations and protests and denials, and of cours
39、e the promise, made in all such conversation, that we would look it up on the morning. That would settle it; but conversation does not need to be settled; it could still go_2_ on.It was an Australian who had given her such a definition of the Kings English, which produced some rather tart remarks ab
40、out what one could expect from the _3_ of convicts. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. Of course, there would be resistance to the Kings English in such a society. There is always _4_ in the lower classes to any attempt by an upper class to lay down rules for English as it should be spoke
41、n.Look at the language _5_ between the Saxon churls and their Norman conquerors. The conversation had swung from Australian convicts of the 19th century to the English peasants of the 12th century. Who was right, who was wrong, did not matter. The conversation was on_6_.Someone took one of the best-
42、known of examples, which is still always worth the _7_. When we talk of meat on our tables we use French words; when we speak of the animals from which the meat comes we use Anglo-Saxon words. It is a pig in its _8_; it is pork (porc) on the table. They are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to b
43、eef (boeuf). Chickens become poultry (poulet), and a calf becomes veal (veau). Even if our menus were not written in French out of snobbery, the English we used in them would still be Norman English. What all this tells us is of a deep class _9_in the culture of England after the Norman conquest.The
44、 Saxon peasants who _10_ the land and reared the animals could not afford the meat, which went to Norman tables. The peasants were allowed to eat the rabbits that scampered over their fields and, since that meat was cheap, the Norman lords of course turned up their noses at it. So rabbit is still ra
45、bbit on our tables, and not changed into some rendering of lapin. V. Reading Comprehension (每小题5分，共30分)Read the passage carefully and then answer the following questions and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. When answering question, you are supposed to come to the point at once and th
46、en try to elaborate it. (注意：回答每个问题简明扼要，开门见山，不超过50个单词，切记标清题号) PoliticsandtheEnglishLanguageBy George Orwell 1. Most people who bother with the matter at all would admit that the English language is in a bad way, but it generally assumed that we cannot by conscious action do anything about it. Our civ
47、ilization is decadent and our languageso the argument runsmust inevitably share in the general collapse. It follows that any struggle against the abuse of language is a sentimental archaism, like preferring candles to electric light or hansom cabs to aeroplanes. Underneath this lies the half-conscious belief that language is a natural growth and not an instrument which we shape for our own purposes. 2. Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimately have political and economic causes: it is n