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1、2018年浙江温州大学英美文学考研真题Part I Literary Identification (Read the following 10 excerpts, and identify the names of the works and their authors. 3 points for each excerpt, and 30 points in all.)1. “Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man, writing an exact man.”2. “To be, or not to bethat is the q
2、uestion: / Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, / Or to take arms against a sea of troubles”3. “Almost five thousand years agone, there were Pilgrims walking to the Clestial City, as these two honest persons are; and Beelzebub, Apollyon, and Legion,
3、 with their Companions, perceiving by the path that the Pilgrims made, that their way to the City lay through this Town of Vanity, they contrived here to set up a Fair; a Fair wherein should be sold all sorts of Vanity, and that it should last all the year long: therefore at this Fair are all such M
4、erchandize sold, as Houses, Lands, Trades, Places, Honours, Preferments, Titles, Countries, Kingdoms, Lusts, Pleasures, and Delights of all sorts, as Whores, Bawds, Wives, Husbands, Children, Masters, Servants, Lives, Blood, Bodies, Souls, Silver, Gold, Pearls, Precious Stones, and what not?”4. “My
5、master told me there were some qualities remarkable in the Yahoos, which he had not observed me to mention, or at least very slightly, in the accounts I had given of humankind.” “But something always returned swift upon me to check these thoughts, and to reprove me; and particularly one day, walking
6、 with my gun in my hand by the seaside, I was very pensive upon the subject of my present condition, when reason, as it were, expostulated with me the other way, thus: Well, you are in a desolate condition, it is true; but, pray remember, where are the rest of you? Did not you come, eleven of you in
7、 the boat? Where are the ten? Why were they not saved, and you lost? Why were you singled out? Is it better to be here or there? And then I pointed to the sea. All evils are to be considered with the good that is in them, and with what worse attends them.”5. “At a certain season of our life we are a
8、ccustomed to consider every spot a possible site of a house. I have thus surveyed the country on every side within a dozen miles of where I live. In imagination I have bought all the farms in succession, for all were to be bought, and I knew their price.”6. “DURING the whole of a dull, dark, and sou
9、ndless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country, and at length found myself, as the shades of evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher. I know not how
10、 it wasbut, with the first glimpse of the building, a sense of insufferable gloom pervaded my spirit. I say insufferable; for the feeling was unrelieved by any of that half-pleasurable, because poetic, sentiment, with which the mind usually receives even the sternest natural images of the desolate o
11、r terrible.”7. “O Captain! My Captain! our fearful trip is done; / The ship has weatherd every rack, the prize we sought is won; / The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, / While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring:”8. “Simon Wheeler backed me into a corner a
12、nd blockaded me there with his chairand then sat down and reeled off the monotonous narrative which follows this paragraph. He never smiled, he never frowned, he never changed his voice from the quiet, gently-flowing key to which he turned the initial sentence, he never betrayed the slightest suspic
13、ion of enthusiasmbut all through the interminable narrative there ran a vein of impressive earnestness and sincerity, which showed me plainly that so far from his imagining that there was anything ridiculous or funny about his story, he regarded it as a really important matter, and admired its two h
14、eroes as men of transcendent genius in finesse. To me, the spectacle of a man drifting serenely along through such a queer yarn without ever smiling was exquisitely absurd. As I said before, I asked him to tell me what he knew of Rev. Leonidas W. Smily, and he replied as follows. I let him go on in
15、his own way, and never interrupted him once:”9. “Gatsby believed in that green light, the orgiastic future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded us then, but thats no mattertomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms fartherAnd one fine morning- / So we beat on, boats against the curr
16、ent, borne back ceaselessly into the past.”10. “For oft, when on my couch I lie / In vacant or in pensive mood, / They flash upon that inward eye / Which is the bliss of solitude; / And then my heart with pleasure fills, / And dances with the daffodils.”Part II Literary and Critical Terms (Choose FI
17、VE terms, and explain each of them in English in about 80 words. 6 points for each, and 30 points in all.)1. allegory2. narrative3. Renaissance4. irony5. blank verse6. Enlightenment 7. satire 8. point of view9. prose 10. Sonnet Part III Literary Analysis (Read the following 6 excerpts, and answer th
18、e questions following each excerpt according to the requirement. 10 points for each excerpt, and 60 points in all.)Read the following poem and answer the questions followed.When, in disgrace with fortune and mens eyes,I all alone beweep my outcast state, And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless crie
19、s,And look upon myself, and curse my fate, Wishing me like to one more rich in hope, Featurd like him, like him with friends possessd,Desiring this mans art and that mans scope, With what I most enjoy contented least; Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,Haply I think on thee, and then my s
20、tate, Like to the lark at break of day arising From sullen earth, sings hymns at heavens gate;For thy sweet love rememberd such wealth bringsThat then I scorn to change my state with kings.Q1: Please translate the following two lines: “When, in disgrace with fortune and mens eyes, / I all alone bewe
21、ep my outcast state,”Q2. What life philosophy is expressed in the poem?2. Read the following excerpt and answer the questions followedIn a Station of the MetroThe apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet, black boughQ1. Why does the poet call the faces of pedestrians “apparition”?Q2. W
22、hat images do you find in the poem?Q3. What do “petals” and “bough” stand for?Q4. Which poetic techniques does the poem employ?3. Read the following excerpt and answer the questions followed“Within these plantations of God, a decorum and sanctity reign, a perennial festival is dressed, and the guest
23、 sees not how he should tire of them in a thousand years. In the woods, we return to reason and faith. There I feel that nothing can befall me in life, no disgrace, no calamity, (leaving me my eyes,) which nature cannot repair. Standing on the bare ground, my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplif
24、ted into infinite space, all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God. The name of the nearest friend sounds then foreign and accidental: to be brothers, to be acquaintances
25、, master or servant, is then a trifle and a disturbance. I am the lover of uncontained and immortal beauty. In the wilderness, I find something more dear and connate than in streets or villages. In the tranquil landscape, and especially in the distant line of the horizon, man beholds somewhat as bea
26、utiful as his own nature.”Q1. According to the excerpt, what is “transparent eye-ball”? Q2. What is the function of “transparent eyeball”? Q3. How is the notion related to American literature?4. Read the following excerpt and answer the questions followedTyger Tyger, burning bright, In the forests o
27、f the night; What immortal hand or eye, Could frame thy fearful symmetry? In what distant deeps or skies. Burnt the fire of thine eyes? On what wings dare he aspire? What the hand, dare seize the fire? And what shoulder, & what art, Could twist the sinews of thy heart? And when thy heart began to be
28、at, What dread hand? & what dread feet?What the hammer? what the chain, In what furnace was thy brain? What the anvil? what dread grasp, Dare its deadly terrors clasp! When the stars threw down their spears And waterd heaven with their tears: Did he smile his work to see? Did he who made the Lamb ma
29、ke thee? Tyger Tyger burning bright, In the forests of the night: What immortal hand or eye, Dare frame thy fearful symmetry?Q1. Who is the writer of this poem?Q2. Which word in the poems could best describe the image of the tyger?Q3. Which part of the tyger does “fearful symmetry” describe?Q4. How
30、do you explain “spears” in stanza 5? Q5. What does “he” in stanza 5 refer to?5. Read the following excerpt and answer the questions followedMy reasons for marrying are, first, that I think it a right thing for every clergyman in easy circumstances (like myself) to set the example of matrimony in his
31、 parish; secondly, that I am convinced it will add very greatly to my happiness; and, thirdly, which perhaps I ought to have mentioned earlier, that it is the particular advice and recommendation of the very noble lady whom I have the honour of calling patroness. Twice has she condescended to give m
32、e her opinion (unasked too!) on this subject; and it was but the very Saturday night before I left Hunsford,between our pools at quadrille, while Mrs. Jenkinson was arranging Miss De Bourghs footstool,that she said, “Mr. Collins, you must marry. A clergyman like you must marry. Choose properly, choo
33、se a gentlewoman for my sake, and for your own; let her be an active, useful sort of person, not brought up high, but able to make a small income go a good way. This is my advice. Find such a woman as soon as you can, bring her to Hunsford, and I will visit her.” Allow me, by the way, to observe, my
34、 fair cousin, that I do not reckon the notice and kindness of Lady Catherine de Bourgh as among the least of the advantages in my power to offer. You will find her manners beyond anything I can describe; and your wit and vivacity, I think, must be acceptable to her, especially when tempered with the
35、 silence and respect which her rank will inevitably excite. Thus much for my general intention in favour of matrimony; it remains to be told why my views were directed to Longbourn instead of my own neighbourhood, where I assure you there are many amiable young women. But the fact is, that being, as
36、 I am, to inherit this estate after the death of your honoured father (who, however, may live many years longer), I could not satisfy myself without resolving to choose a wife from among his daughters, that the loss to them might be as little as possible when the melancholy event takes place which,
37、however, as I have already said, may not be for several years. This has been my motive, my fair cousin, and I flatter myself it will not sink me in your esteem. And now nothing remains for me but to assure you in the most animated language of the violence of my affection. To fortune I am perfectly i
38、ndifferent, and shall make no demand of that nature on your father, since I am well aware that it could not be complied with; and that one thousand pounds in the four per cents, which will not be yours till after your mothers decease, is all that you may ever be entitled to. On that head, therefore,
39、 I shall be uniformly silent: and you may assure yourself that no ungenerous reproach shall ever pass my lips when we are married.Q1. Who does “I” in the excerpt refer to?Q2. Who is “I” addressing to?Q3. Which factor dominates “My reasons for marrying”?Q4. Which type of writing does the excerpt appe
40、ar in?6. Read the following excerpt and answer the questions followed“The only house I had been the owner of before, if I except a boat, was a tent, which I used occasionally when making excursions in the summer, and this is still rolled up in my garret; but the boat, after passing from hand to hand
41、, has gone down the stream of time. With this more substantial shelter about me, I had made some progress toward settling in the world. This frame, so slightly clad, was a sort of crystallization around me, and reacted on the builder. It was suggestive somewhat as a picture in outlines. I did not ne
42、ed to go outdoors to take the air, for the atmosphere within had lost none of its freshness. It was not so much within doors as behind a door where I sat, even in the rainiest weather. The Harivansa says, An abode without birds is like a meat without seasoning. Such was not my abode, for I found mys
43、elf suddenly neighbor to the birds; not by having imprisoned one, but having caged myself near them.”Q1. Who is the author of the excerpt? Q2. Why does the author use the quotation of Harivansa? Q3. What kind of relation between man and nature is expressed in the excerpt?Part IV Literary Commentary
44、(Write your commentary in English in no less than 600 words. 30 points in all.)“Poetry, therefore, is a more philosophical and a higher thing than history: for poetry tends to express the universal, history the particular.” (Aristotle, Poetics). Do you agree or not? Illustrate your points with examples from your reading of English and American literature.