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1、2022年3月公共英语三级考试真题及答案SECTION 1 ListeningComprehension (25 minutes) 125略 SECTION Use of English (15 minutes) Directions： Read the following textChoosethe best word or phrase for each numbered blank and markA，B，C，or D onANSWER SHEET 1 What might thehouse of the future be like? Gracecan tellMore formall
2、yknown as the Microsoft Home，her hightech devices，along with 26 indesign and construction，will change the 27 we think about our homes You enter thehouse，and Graces 28 ，coming from hidden speakers，passes on your messages；Inthe kitchen，you set a bag of flour on theintelligently 29 stone counterGracese
3、es what youre 30，and projects a list of flourbased food on the counter 31 you choose on，Gracerepeats instructions tor cookingShe 32 knows whatS in the cupboard The day whenyour house、viii be likea family member is not that faroffThis 33 0f seamless computing，in which technologyis everywhere yet nowh
4、ere(34 when wewant it)，is emphasizedin most futurehome thinking Microsoft， 35 ，isnt the only one exploring 36 technology can make our homes more 37 andcomfortableAt theGeorgia Institute of Technology，scientists are 38 systems that will allowolder people to continue living 39SoGrandmas home can be in
5、telligently wired to 40 her patterns of wake，sleep and movement；family members would be 4l of any changesvia computer Does spying on Grandma sound 42 ? Director Beth Mynatt says“A good bit ofour 43 has been working on how to convey informationwithout 44 privacyWe also dont want to create 45 anxietyM
6、aybe she just took a quiet day to read，and the system would have to recognizethat 26 Apromotions Bapplications Cpractices Dadvances 27 Away Bmanner Cstyle Dscope 28 Aimage Bfigure Cvoice Dsound 29 Adisposed Bshaped Cengineered Dconditioned 30 Asaying Bfeeling Csearching Ddoing 32 ABefore BOnce CSinc
7、e DUnless 32 Aeven Bthus Cyet Donly 33 Ahope Bpassion Cfaith Dnotion 34 Aperhaps Bexcept Cprovided Despecially 35 Atherefore Blikewise Chowever Dmoreover 36 Ahow Bwhether Cwhat Dwhy 37 Afashionable Bcomplicated Cefficient Dattractive 38 Adecorating Bdesigning Cdelivering Ddebating 39 Aindependently
8、Benthusiastically Ccolorfully Dsatisfactorily 40 Areceive Brecognize Crepresent Dreview 41 Awarned Brelieved Cadvised Dinformed 42 Ainteresting Bboring Cdisturbing Dappealing 43 Aanalysis Bresearch Cconcern Dfocus 44 Asacrificing Baffecting Cpreventing Dlosing 45 Aunusual Bunfortunate Cuncertain Dun
9、necessary SECTION Reading Comprehension(40 minutes) PartA Directions： Read the following three textsAnswerthe questions on each text by choosing A，B，C orDMarkyour answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 Text 1 WheneverCatherine Brown， a 37-yearold journalist， and her friends，professionals in their 30s and early 4
10、0s，meet at aLondon caf6，their favorite topic ofconversation is relationships：mensreluctance to commit，wo mens independence，andwhen to have children-or，increasingly，whether to have them at all“With the years passing my chances of having a child godown，but I Wont malty anyone just to have achild，saysB
11、rownTo people like Brown，babiesare great_if the timing is rightButtheyre certainly not essential In much of the world，havingkids is no longer a given“Neverbefore has childlessness been an understandable decision for women and men in so many societies， says Frank Hakim at the LondonSchool of Economic
12、sYoungpeople are extending their childfreeadulthood by postponing children until they are well into their 30sor even40s and beyond A growing share are ending up with nochildren at allLifetime childlessness in westernGer-many has hit 30 percent among universityeducated women，and is rapidly rising amo
13、ng lowerclass menInBritain，thenumber of women remaining childless has doubled in 20 years The latesttrend of childlessness does not follow historic patternsFor centuries it was not unusual for a quarter of European women toremain childlessButin the pastchildlessnesswas usually the product of poverty
14、 ordisasterof missingmen in times of warToday the decision to haveor not havea child is theresult of a complex combination of factors，includingrelationships，career Opportunities，lifestyleand economics In some caseschildlessness among women can be seen as a quiet form ofprotestInJapan，supportfor work
15、ing mothers hardly existsChildcare is expensive，men dont help out，andsome companies strongly discouragemothers from returning to work“In Japan，itscareer or child，says writer KaoriHaishiIts not justwomen who are deciding against children；according to a re- cent study，Japanese men are even less inclin
16、ed to marry or want a childTheir motivations，though，may havemore to do with economic factors 46CatherineBrown and her friends feel that having children is not _ Atotallywise Bahuge problem Carational choice Dabsolutelynecessary 47It Can beinferred that，formany women，havingbabies nowadays is _ Aahard
17、 commitment Bhelpfulto their career Cessentialfor happiness Danunderstandable decision 48In theold days。manywomen remained childless _ Aasa quiet form of protest Bbecauseof lack of support Cbecauseof unfortunate circumstances Dbecausethey lacked social responsibility 49We learnthat childlessness at
18、present _ AaffectsEurope more than it does Asia Bproducesmore benefits than in the past Cismore a womans decision than a mans Dismore complex in its cause than that in the past 50According to the text，when a Japanese man decides not to have children，he probably feels unable to _ Ahelpwith housework
19、Baffordto have a child Cbea responsible father Dbalancework and family Text 2 Faced with amissioncriticaldecision，who would you turn to for advice? Someone you had great confidence in，surelyBut several lines of research show thatour instincts about where to mm to for counsel are often not completely
20、 correct My research looksat prejudices that affect how people use advice，including why theyoften blindly follow recommendations from people whoas far as they knoware as knowledgeable as they areIn studies I conducted with Don Moore of Carnegie MellonUniversity，for example，I found matpeople tend to
21、overvalue advice when the problem theyreaddressing is hard and to undervalue it when the problem iseasy In our experimentssubjects were asked to guess the weight of people in various pictures，some of which werein focus and some of which were unclearFor each picture，subjects guessed twice：the first t
22、ime without advice and the second time with input from another participantWhen me pictures were in focus，wefound，subjects tended to discount theadvice；apparently，theywere confident in their ability to guesscorrectlyWhen the pictures were unclear，subjectsleaned heavily on me advice ofothers and seeme
23、d less secure about their initialopinionBecausethey misjudged the value 0f the advice theyreceived-consistently overvaluing orundervaluing it depending on the difficulty of the problemour subjectsdid not make the best guesses overallTheywould have done better if theydconsidered the advice equally，an
24、d to a moderate degree，on both hard andeasy tasks. Another advicerelated prejudice Ive found compels people toovervalue advice that they pay forn one study Iconducted，subjectsanswered different sets of questions about American historyBeforeanswering some of the questionstheycould get advice on the c
25、orrect answer from another subject whom they knew was nomore expert than they wereIn one version of the experiment，people could get advice for free，while in another version，they paid for itWhen they paid foradvice，peopletended to have firm belief in it，Isuspect，by a combination of sunkcostprejudice
26、and the nearly instinctual belief that cost and quality are linked 51In theface of a missioncritical decision，peopletend to _ Atrusttheir own efforts Brelyon research findings Cgetaffected by others opinion Dseekhelp from the more knowledgable 52Researchshows that when faced with difficult problems
27、people often _ Adiscountothersadvice Boverlookothersadvice Cdisagreewith othersadvice Doverrelyon othersadvice 53The firstexperiment tries to prove how objective conditions _ Astrengthenpeoples initial opinion Bstrengthenpeoples self-confidence Cinfluencepeoples response to advice Dinfluencepeoples
28、guess of weight loss 54It can beinferred that people are likely to _ Aundervaluefree advice Bovervaluepeers advice Cmisinterpretspecialists advice Dmisjudgetheir instinctual belief 55The twoexperiments mentioned in the text reveal _ Ahowto follow othersadvice Bhowto understand othersadvice Cwhatcaus
29、es people to seek advice Dwhataffects peoples attitude to advice Text 3 Top National Health Service(NHS)nurses will be able to earn $40，000 a year without leavingfrontline patient care in a modification to salary structures New“supernursegrades will be created to enable the best staff to increasethe
30、ir salaries without having to move into management desk jobs Currently the most senior NHS nurses can earn a maximum$28，000 a year unless they arewilling to withdraw from the frontline and become administratorsHundredsof experienced and highly-qualified nurses are lost to patient care every yearbeca
31、use of this oddity While only a few thousand of Britains 332，000 NHS nurses will qualify for the$40，000plussalary，fasttrackpromotion schemes and a simpler grading system will increase the pay of many moreThe government announced that a new simplifiedcareer structure would see just four gradesreplaci
32、ng the existing sixNurses will begin their careers as healthcare assistants before moving up to registered practitioner grade，followed by senior registered practitioner and ultimately consultant practitionerand a$40，000salary “Nurses are rising to thechallenge of modernisation，said a government offi
33、cial“These proposals will help them improve their professional role further andprovide a better service to PatientsWe do not think mat in order to be paid more，nurses should have to move intomanagementNurses working at the sharpend of patient care should have a career structure which n0 longer penal
34、ises them for wanting to stay there The NursingStrategy will include proposals to allowmore flexible training courses and Improve opportunities for qualified nurses who have left theprofession to return in part-time rolesThe Royal College of Nursing welcomed the reformsThe top salary level falls int
35、o line with figures it hadpresented to ministers 56 Hundreds of experienced nurses are lost to patientcare every year because they_ Adislikethe nursing job Baredissatisfied with their pay Carereplaced by“super nurses Dlackfurther training for the profession 57The newsystem will mostly benefit those
36、who_ Amoveinto management Bworkon a part time basis Chaveretired from the nursing job Dhave reached the top of the system 58The newcareer structure is different from the existing one in its_ Aqualityof nursesservices Bpossibilityof a job transfer Copportunitiesfor promotion Dsimplicityof nursesgrade
37、s 59TheNursing Strategy will be adopted in order to_ Aprovidemore consultation to practitioners Bencourageexperienced nurses to work part time Cenablethe most experienced nurses to be paid more Dpromotethe most experienced nurses to management 60The RoyalCollege of Nursing _ Aproposedsimilar top sal
38、ary for nurses Braisedthe management issue to ministers Csuggesteda four-grade system for nurses Dputforward the Nursing Strategy to ministers Part B Directions： Read the textstaken from five peoples comments on an article on the issueof global povertyFor questions61 to 65，match the name of each per
39、son(61to 65)to one of the statements(A toG)given below Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET 1 Ankita Agarwal： Your article made me ashamedIvealways thought of myself as not the typical self-absorbed teenager，butI guess l was wrongWhile Isit in my large，warm and cozy housewishingfor the shoes and c
40、lothes I see in teenmagazines，there are people in the world wishing for something as simple as clean water.Thank you for reminding me aboutpeople who would be more than happy with what I have Janet Tejada： Whatabout the relationship between population，consumptionand resources?After allpoverty most s
41、imply defined，isnot having enough resourcesThesteady growth of the global population,overconsumption of resources by developed nations such as the US，and increasing levels of C0nsumption among the growing middle classin many developing nations ensure that there is ever less of the planetsalready dwi
42、ndling resources to go around Tadaship Kawabe： Extreme poverty is so tragicSudden natural disasters like an earthquake mobilize alarge number of people and money for a short period of time，while the slow but massive wave of poverty and deathin Africa doesnt attract the worldsattention in the same wa
43、yWhen we try to help those affected by disasters and extreme poverty，however，weshouldnt focus on the overwhelmingnumber of the dead but simply try to do something good for others Jane Thomas： The poorshould be trained to organize，set priorities and develop skills and resources to put their owncommun
44、ity plans into actionWhat your article proposes is the conventionaltop-down way for doing things：outsidersdetermine the priorities and solutions，thenthrow money at them. To actuallyhelp，we must first develop our ownskills and understandingWe need to find out what the poor want and what the root caus
45、es of theproblems areWehave to listen to poor people Sanjay Kathe： Concerned and sensible peoples endeavors to reduce poverty inunderdeveloped countries are deserving of high praiseItis sad，however，thatonly a small part of the funds raised for the poor actually l each themThegenerous people who donate money to reduce poverty would be more successful ifthey spent