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1、时态(8 个):一般现在时:经常或习惯性的动作 结构:肯定句主语+be(am,is,are)+其他 eg:I am Chinese.否定句主语+be not+其他 eg:I am not a boy.疑问句 Be+主语+其他 eg:Are you a girl?或:肯定句主语+动原+其他(三单作主语动词要变形)eg:I(He)often get(gets)up early.否定句主语+dont+动原+其他(三单作主语 dont 变 doesnt)eg:I(She)dont(doesnt)like him.疑问句 DO+主语+动原+其他(三单作主语 do 变 does)eg:Do(Does)yo
2、u(she)like playing baseball?关键词:sometimes=at times 有时,often 经常,usually通常,always 总是,every day 每天,on Sunday afternoon在周日下午,five days a week 一周五天,three times a month 一个月三次 现在进行时:正在发生的动作 结构:肯定句主语+be+动词的现在分词(ing)+其他 eg:I am reading now.否定句主语+be not+动词的现在分词(ing)+其他 eg:I am not working.疑问句 Be+主语+动词的现在分词+其他
3、 eg:Are you sleeping?关键词:now 现在,at the moment此刻,look,listen,keep quiet 等提示语.一般将来时:将要发生的动作 结构:肯定句主语+will+动词原型+其他 eg:I will call you later.否定句主语+will not+动词原型+其他 eg:I will not go to the park.疑问句 Will+主语+动词原型+其他 Will you go shopping with her?(will 可改为 be going to,当主语是第一人称时 will 可用shall)关键词:tomorrow,nex
4、t year 明年,tonight今晚,this year今年,at the end of this term 这学期期末,from now on 从现在开始,soon一会儿马上,later 后稍后,in three days 三天之内,in the future未来 一般过去时:过去发生的动作强调时间 句子结构:肯定句主语+be(was,were)+其他 eg:I was born on July.1st,2000.否定句主语+be not+其他 eg:I was not born in 1999.疑问句 Be+主语+其他 eg:Were you born in January?或:肯定句主
5、语+动词的过去式(ed)+其他 Lily went shopping yesterday.否定句主语+did not+动原+其他 eg:He did not go to school today.疑问句 Did+主语+动原+其他 eg:Did she pass the test?关键词:yesterday 昨天,last week 上周,last year 去年,一段时间+ago 如 ten years ago 十年前 five hours ago 五小时前,in+年/月,on+具体日期.Just now=a moment ago刚才,in the old days 从前,long ago很久
6、以前.过去进行时:过去正在发生的动作 结构:肯定句主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他 eg:I was doing my homework at 8 oclock yesterday evening.否定句主语+was/were not+动词的现在分词+其他 They were not staying at home at this moment last Sunday.疑问句 Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词+其他 Were you sleeping when I called you last night?关键词:具体时间如:at ten oclock yesterday
7、morning,at this moment last Sunday 上周日的这个时候.现在完成时:过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响强调动作或其产生的结果 结构:肯定句主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他(三单变成has)eg:This year alone,weve already planted ten thousand trees 否定句主语+have/has not+动词的过去分词+其他 eg:He has not arrived at home yet.疑问句 Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他 eg:Have you been to China?关键词:alread
8、y 已经,yet 还,just刚刚,ever 曾经,never 从不,so far 目前,for+一段时间,since+过去的具体时间,this year alone 今年以来,these five years alone 这五年以来,in the last ten years 在过去的十年中 过去将来时:结构:肯定句主语+would+动原+其他 eg:I didnt know if he would come.否定句主语+would not+动原+其他 eg:They were not going to go hiking unless they finished their homewor
9、k.疑问句 Would+主语+动词原型+其他(would you like 是词组一个固定搭配一般用表示礼貌的问)eg:Would you like to have a dinner with me?(would 可改为 was/were going to,主语第一人称时 would 也可以用 should)过去完成时:结构:肯定句主语+had+动词的过去分词+其他 eg:Mr.Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.否定句主语+had not+动词的过去分词+其他 eg:He said he has not been to
10、 America.疑问句 Had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他 eg:Had he completed his homework by the time you got there.关键词:句子中的两个动作都发生在过去 一、一般现在时:概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,every week(day,year,month ),once a week,on Sundays,etc 基本结构:be 动词;行为动词 否定形式:am is are not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加 dont,如主语为第三
11、人称单数,则用doesnt,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句:把 be 动词放于句首;用助动词 do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用 does,同时,还原行为动词。二、一般过去时:概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month ),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc 基本结构:be 动词;行为动词 否定形式:waswere
12、 not;在行为动词前加 didnt,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句:was或 were放在句首;用助动词 do 的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。三、现在进行时:概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc 基本结构:amisare doing 否定形式:amisare notdoing 一般疑问句:把 be 动词放在句首 四、过去进行时:概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time或以 when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时
13、的时间状语等。基本结构:waswere doing 否定形式:waswere notdoing 一般疑问句:把 was或 were放在句首 五、现在完成时:概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语:recently,lately,since ,for ,in the past few years,etc 基本结构:havehas done 否定形式:havehas notdone 一般疑问句:havehas放于句首 六、过去完成时:概念:以过去某一时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”
14、。时间状语:before,by the end of last year(term,month ),etc 基本结构:had done 否定形式:had notdone 一般疑问句:had放于句首 七、一般将来时:概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year ),soon,in a few minutes,by ,the day after tomorrow,etc 基本结构:amisaregoing to do;willshalldo 否定形式:amisare notgoing to do;willshallnotdo 一般疑问句:be 放于句首;willshall提到句首 八、过去将来时:概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。时间状语:the next day(morning,year ),the following month(week ),etc 基本结构:wasweregoing to do;wouldshould do 否定形式:waswerenotgoing to do;wouldshould notdo 一般疑问句:was或 were放于句首;wouldshould提到句首