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1、华中科技大学 硕士学位论文国内外跨文化交际研究现状调查-基于 2006-2009 发表的国内外 部分学术期刊论文的调查 姓名：杨健 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：外国语言学及应用语言学 指导教师：樊葳葳胡艳红 2010-05 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 摘 要 跨文化交际于 20 世纪 50 年代在美国兴起。本世纪 80 年代改革开放后，跨文化交际由国内外语教学者引入我国。随着 21 世纪国际交流越来越频繁 越来越多的国内外学者对这一研究越来越重视。本文针对国内外跨文化研究现状进行了分析研究。通过比较国内外研究结果，研究者对于未来的研究提出了自己的观点。本文采取文献综述的方法，
2、对 2006 年至 2009 年在国内外期刊发表的跨文化交际的文章作了分析研究。国内的数据来自于 10 份国内知名的外语与外语教学期刊的 136 篇文章，国外的数据来自于 IJIR 中的 180 篇文章。国内外跨文化交际现状的研究主要是从研究方法和研究内容两个方面来分析，并将国内外的研究情况进行对比。研究结果表明，在研究内容方面，国内学者对跨文化翻译和跨文化语用学方面很感兴趣，而国外学者对于跨文化适应和培训十分重视。从研究方法，我们可以发现，国外主要是实证研究，而国内主要是非实证研究，而实证研究中，国外主要是定量研究，而国内主要是定量和定性的混合研究。综上所述，国内外研究有很大的区别，我国的研
3、究在研究内容方面应该加强在跨文化适应和培训上的研究，研究方法上应重视实证研究。而国外研究在采取定量研究的同时，应注重定量与定性相结合，以增强研究的信度和效度。关键词：跨文化交际 研究内容 实证研究 III 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 Abstract Intercultural communication rose in the United States in the 1950s.With thedevelopment of Chinese reform and opening up in 1980s intercultural communication wasintr
4、oduced into China by some domestic foreign language teaching scholars.In the 21stcentury international communication is frequent hence more scholars pay more attentionto this area.In this thesis the researcher intends to figure out the current trend ofintercultural communication study at home and ab
5、road.By comparing the study results athome and abroad the researcher put forward her own views about future research in thisarea.This study adopts the method of literature review analyzing the interculturalcommunication articles published in the domestic and international journals from 2006 to2009.D
6、omestic data are 136 articles from 10 well-known foreign languages and foreignlanguages teaching journals the abroad data are 180 articles from the Americanauthoritative intercultural communication journal International Journal of InterculturalRelations IJIR.This study about the current trend of dom
7、estic and internationalintercultural communication researches is mainly analyzed from the two aspects of theresearch methods and research contents resulting in a comparative study between thedomestic and international intercultural studies.The research results show that in research contents domestic
8、 scholars are interested inthe aspects of intercultural translation and pragmatics while foreign scholars are interestedin and focus on the aspects of intercultural adaptation and training.From the aspect ofresearch methods we can find that it is mainly non-empirical study in China while it isempiri
9、cal research abroad.Regarding the empirical research it is mainly quantitativestudies abroad while it is mainly the mixing of qualitative and quantitative research inChina.To sum up there are distinct differences between domestic and foreign researches.In I 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 the aspect of rese
10、arch contents the research on intercultural adaptation and training shouldbe strengthened in China.While in the aspect of research methods empirical researchmethods need to be emphasized.The researchers abroad may add more proportion to themixing of quantitative and qualitative research while taking
11、 quantitative research as theirmain research method to enhance the reliability and validity of the research.Key words:Intercultural communication Research contents Empirical study II 独创性声明 本人声明所呈交的学位论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知，除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确
12、方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。学位论文作者签名：日期：年 月 日 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，即：学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权华中科技大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。保密，在 年解密后适用本授权书。本论文属于 不保密。（请在以上方框内打“”）学位论文作者签名：指导教师签名：日期：年 月 日 日期：年 月 日 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 Introductio
13、n Ever since humankind marched into the 21st century along with the scientific andtechnological progress and the economic globalization the human distance is shortenedthe communication and contact with each other are more and more close.People withdifferent cultural backgrounds communicate with each
14、 other which promote thedevelopment of intercultural communication.Intercultural communication was born in themid-twentieth century in the United States.It has close connection with the United States，which is a nation of immigrants a mixing of multi-ethnic groups.With the development ofChinese refor
15、m and opening up in 1980s intercultural communication was introduced intoChina by domestic foreign language teaching scholars.As we all know，cultural globalization has arrived.Internet information for its hugecapacity and infinite tentacles has made the world into a whole.Modern transportation andco
16、mmunication technology unprecedentedly developed cross-border spread of masscommunication and interpersonal contacts are unprecedentedly frequent.Differentcountries strengthen cultural communication between each other and promote culturaldevelopment through the intercultural communication.The commun
17、ication amongmulti-cultures is the powerful driving force for the development of interculturalcommunication.Cultural globalization itself is a product of multi-cultural cooperation andcommunication and the development of cultural globalization has further enhanced thetrend of multi-cultural cooperat
18、ion and communication.Since 1980s more and moreChinese started to learn a foreign language and in the new century many countries learnChinese language which reflect the trend that enhance the multi-cultural communicationand compromise the merits of global culture and local culture.It is in this basi
19、s that thedevelopment of intercultural communication research is promoted.1 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 At present intercultural communication research in China has made greatachievements.Many scholars in different disciplines and background who use differentmethods from different perspectives to study
20、the intercultural communication andachieved fruitful results.Many books and papers are published.Some domestic keyuniversities set up intercultural communication course in foreign language teaching.Someuniversities also enrolled doctoral students and graduate students with interculturalcommunication
21、 research as their research focus.However to go deep into the theoreticalresearch is still an arduous task.In the era of cultural globalization many new things newareas need to be pioneered.In addition intercultural communication research methods needto be greatly improved and the research team need
22、ed strengthening.This study is attempting to find out the current trend of intercultural communication studies at home and abroad by analyzing some published intercultural articles in domestic and international journals.By comparing the different research contents and methods existing in the field o
23、f intercultural studies in China and abroad the researcher wishes to display a whole image of domestic and international intercultural studies hoping the results of this study to give some instructive guide to future study.This article includes five parts.The first part of this article briefly descr
24、ibes thebackground of the study gives the reason for the study and points out the significance ofthe study.The second part is literature review.It introduces the definitions some importantterms related to this thesis makes a review for the previous research and notes the previousresearch limitations
25、.The third part raises the research question introduces the data-collection measuresand dada-analysis procedures during the research.The fourth part reports the research results discusses the findings of the study andmakes a comparative study at home and abroad.The last part makes of a summary of th
26、e study and points out the implications and 2 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 limitations of the research and gives the suggestions and ideas to the future research.3 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 1 Literature Review This part introduces the definitions of intercultural communication interculturalcommunication re
27、search contents and research methods makes a review for the previousresearch and notes the previous research limitations.1.1 Definitions of intercultural communication The phenomenon of intercultural communication has existed since ancient time butintercultural communication is not established as a
28、separate interdisciplinary until themid-20th century.In 1959 the American anthropologist Hall issued the Silent Language.This work first proposed the concept of intercultural communication and the publication ofthis work mark the birth of intercultural communication in academic world.Since then agro
29、wing number of scholars began engaged in intercultural communication studies.Manyinfluential intercultural communication books got published.Regarding the definition of the intercultural communication different scholars putforward their own different views.Samovar and Porters point of view emphasize
30、d intercultural communication occursamong people of different cultural backgrounds.Samovar and Porter 1999:19 pointed outthat:“Studies in intercultural communication examine what happens in interculturalcontacts and interactions when the communication process involves culturally diversepeople”.Hu We
31、nzhong（1999:23 gave the definition to intercultural communication like this:“Intercultural communication is the process when people from various culturalbackgrounds interacted with each other.”From Hus views we can see that interculturalcommunication is a widespread social phenomenon and cultural ph
32、enomenon it occursamong people of different cultural backgrounds.4 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 Lustig and Koester 2003:49 pointed out that:“Intercultural communication is asymbolic process in which people from different cultures create shared meanings.It occurswhen large and important cultural differenc
33、es create dissimilar interpretations andexpectations about how to communicate competently.”From Lustig and Koesters view wecan find that they emphasize on the cultural differences that occurs among people ofdifferent cultures Jandt 2004:4 indicated that:“Intercultural communication is not only betwe
34、enindividuals but also between groups of diverse cultural identifications.”Here Jandt stressedthe multi-group multi-nation characteristics in intercultural communication.There are some different statements of intercultural communication for examplecross-cultural communication.Samovar 2000 indicated
35、that cross-cultural communicationemphasizes on cultural comparison while intercultural communication refers to“interaction”.Kitao 1985 pointed that cross-cultural communication belongs to thecategory of intercultural communication.Intercultural communication and cross-culturalcommunication can refer
36、 to either“cross-cultural communication activities or interculturalcommunication research which is entirely dependent on a certain context”.As for the slightdifferences of intercultural and cross-cultural this can be ignored.As for the actual use ofthe two terms it is entirely a personal preference.
37、However Hu Wenzhong 1994 hasmentioned that cross-cultural communication is adopted in the earlier time now more withintercultural communication.A typical example is the use of the word“intercultural”in thename of the two world organizations associated with intercultural communicationfrequently used
38、the term intercultural as the following:SIETR The International Societyfor Intercultural Education Training and Research and IAICS The InternationalAssociation for Intercultural Communication Studies.When Chinese scholars introduce the study of intercultural communication fromabroad the terms are va
39、rious in the beginning and now has become the same.He Daokuan1983 introduced foreign intercultural communication studies to the domestic world in his 5 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 article by using the word“cross-cultural communication”in the same year he introducedanother article and mentioned that the
40、term“cross-cultural communication”which is calledby Europe and the United States can also be called“intercultural communication”.Until1994 Wang ZongYan 1994 mentioned that:“There are many countries and peoples eachwith specific groups of a linguistic and culture.The groups members interact or dialog
41、uewith each other.That is communication between different cultures referred to asintercultural communication and was also called multi-cultural communication orcross-cultural communication.”At present the term“Intercultural Communication”hasbeen generally accepted.Regarding the various definitions o
42、f intercultural communication the researcheragrees with Hus views that“Intercultural communication is the process when people fromvarious cultural backgrounds interacted with each other.”As intercultural communication isa widespread social phenomenon and cultural phenomenon it happens when any indiv
43、idualmember or groups interact with each other from diverse cultural background.1.2 Intercultural communication research1.2.1 Research contents Domestic and foreign scholars have had a number of classifications on the variousfactors which impact on intercultural communication which is generally acce
44、pted as theresearch contents of intercultural studies.We will discuss the research contents from the opinions of domestic and foreignscholars separately.Porter 1990 one of the representative of the international interculturalscholars lists 8 variables that impact on intercultural communication:attit
45、ude socialorganization patterns of thought roles and role expectations language space time andnonverbal expression.He pointed out the eight elements do not exist separately instead 6 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 they are all interrelated to each other in affecting intercultural communicative behaviors.Actual.