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1、电缆沟开挖施工方案Work Method of Cable Trench Excavation 编 制：Compiled by: 审 核：Reviewed by:2009年10月21日October 21, 2009目 录Content一. 概况 OVERVIEW31.1 工程概况 PROJECT OVERVIEW31.2 施工范围 SCOPE OF WORK3二编制依据 COMPILATION BASIS4三 施工工艺流程CONSTRUCTION PROCESS:4四. 前期准备PREPARATIONS44.1 技术准备TECHNICAL PREPARATION44.2 材料准备MATERI
2、AL PREPARATION54.3 主要机具准备MAIN EQUIPMENTS PREPARATION54.4 作业环境准备OPERATING ENVIRONMENT PREPARATIONS5五. 电缆沟施工CABLE TRENCH CONSTRUCTION55.1 电缆沟测量、定位CABLE TRENCH MEASUREMENT AND POSITIONING55.2 电缆沟开挖CABLE TRENCH EXCAVATION6六. 质量控制QUALITY CONTROL76.1 电缆沟外形尺寸允许偏差表ALLOWABLE DEVIATED EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS OF C
3、ABLE TRENCH TABLE76.2 应注意的质量问题QUALITY ISSUES8七. 成品保护FINISHED PROTECTION8八. 施工记录CONSTRUCTION OF RECORD8九. 安全生产、文明施工要求和措施SAFETY AND CIVILIZED CONSTRUCTION REQUESTS AND MEASURES9附厂区电缆沟图： ATTACHED: CABLE TRENCH DRAWING9一. 概况 Overview1.1 工程概况 Project Overview项目名称：本工程涉及三个变电站，分别是现有的220/35kV A472变电站、现有的35/1
4、0kV B301S变电站以及新建的35/10kV C581变电站，工作内容为三个变电站之间和从三个变电站接至MV用户的电力电缆、控制电缆、接地电缆敷设所需电缆沟的开挖工程。The project involves three substations, namely the existing 220/35kV A472 substation, the existing 35/10kV B301S the 35/10kV C581 substation and a new substation. This is the power, control and grounding cable tren
5、ch excavation project among three substations and for MV users connected to the three substations. 1.2 施工范围 Scope of Work1) 由A472变电站引出3路35kV出线。其中：一路引至B301S建筑（35/10kV变电站）原1#主变，原1#主变电缆将抽出，与新增4#主变连接；另两路引至35/10kV C581变电站1#主变和2#主变。回路采用FS-YJY-26/35kV-1*300mm2单芯电缆，直埋敷设。去C581的两路35kV线路，敷设时沿不同路径，以避免两回线路同时受损。P
6、ull three 35V outgoings from A472 substation. Of which: The first outgoing is led to B301S Building (35/10kV substation) the original one # main transformer, pull the original one # main transformer cable out, and connect to the adding 4 # main transformer; the other two outgoings are led to 35/10kV
7、 C581 # 1 and substation 2 # main transformer. Use FS-YJY-26/35kV-1 * 300mm2 single-core cables for Loop and buried pulling. Two 35kV lines to C581 are laid along different paths to avoid damage of the two loops.2) 由B301S变电站引出7路10kV出线。全部引至B399中心制冷站。回路采用10kV截面为95mm2的三芯铠装电缆，由B301S南面现有的电缆井引出直埋至装置。Pull
8、7 10kV outgoings from B301S substation to B399central refrigeration station. Loop uses 10kV three-core armored cable with cross-section 95mm2 and pull out from the existing cable well in the south of B301S then buried lay to the device. 3) 由C581引出10路10kV线路，分别为A507的四台变压器，B551的两台变压器，B553TDA装置氢气压缩机2台，C
9、521盐酸装置氯气压缩机1台，盐酸压缩机1台提供电源。其中，变压器回路采用10kV截面为185mm2的三芯铠装电缆，马达回路采用10kV截面为95mm2的三芯铠装电缆。以上电缆线路均沿规划路径埋地敷设。10 10kV lines led from C581 are used to supply power to A507s four transformers, B551 two transformers, B553TDA 2 sets of hydrogen compressor unit, C521 hydrochloric acid chlorine gas compressor unit
10、, and hydrochloric acid compressor unit respectively. Among them, transformer circuit uses x 3-core armored cable with 10kV cross-section 185mm2, motor circuit uses three-core armored cable with 10kV cross-section 95mm2. All cable lines will be laid underground along the planning path.4) 接地电缆回路：Grou
11、nd cable loop: 从A472敷设一根95mm2裸铜线去C581，同时从C581敷设四根95mm2裸铜线，分别引至B551、A507、B553和C521，作等电位联结。以上电缆线路均沿规划路径埋地敷设。Lay a 95mm2 bare copper wire to C581 from A472. Meanwhile lay four bare copper wires to B551, A507, B553 and C521 for equipotential bonding. All cable lines will be laid underground along the pl
12、anning path.5）本工程电缆沟走向如下：The cable trench directions are as follows:电缆沟南线为A472至C581，全长约850米，根据K-K断面图：开挖深度为1米，沟槽底宽0.6米，沟槽面宽约1.1米。 Cable trench south line is from A472 to C581 about 850 meters long. According to KK sectional drawing, excavation depth is of 1 meter with trench bottom width 0.6 m and fa
13、ce width1.1 m.电缆沟北线为A472至C581和B301，其中共线约220米，根据A-A断面图有：开挖深度为1米，沟槽底宽1米，沟槽面宽约1.5米；Cable trench north line is from A472 to C581 and B301 and the collinear is about 220 meters. According to AA sectional drawing, excavation depth is 1 meter trench with trench bottom width 1 m and face width1.5 m.至C581支线约
14、430米，根据E-E断面图有：开挖深度为1米，沟槽底宽0.6米，沟槽面宽约1.1米；至B301支线约300米，根据B-B断面图有：开挖深度为1米，沟槽底宽0.6米，沟槽面宽约1.1米。The sub-line the C581 is about 430 meters. According to EE sectional drawing excavation depth is 1 meter trench with trench bottom width 1 m and face width1.1 m. The sub-line to B301the is about 300 meters. A
15、ccording to BB sectional drawing , excavation depth is 1 meter trench with trench bottom width 1 m and face width1.1 m.二编制依据 Compilation Basis1）根据电气包（中压部分）招标文件及招标图纸编制而成。According to Electric package (MV) the tender and tender drawings.2）在充分研究工程的客观情况和施工特点，结合我公司类似工程施工经验的基础上编制的。Based on full study on c
16、onstruction characteristics and objective situation and combined with similar construction experience.3）在本方案编制过程中，严格执行国家现行建筑和安装工程施工及验收规范、规程、标准、设计规范。具体如下：In this compilation process, strictly implement current national construction and installation construction, acceptance norms, procedures, standard
17、s, and design specifications. As follows:电气装置安装工程电缆线路施工及验收规范 GB50168-2006 Electrical installation cable construction and acceptance standards GB50168-2006 电气装置安装工程接地装置施工及验收规范 GB50169-2006 Electrical installation earthing construction and acceptance standard GB50169-2006 建筑电气工程施工质量验收规范 GB503032002 Bu
18、ilding Electrical Construction Quality Acceptance GB50303-2002三 施工工艺流程：Construction Process:前期准备电缆沟测量、定位确定开挖顺序沿灰线切出槽边轮廓线分层开挖修整槽边清底preparation cable trench measurements excavation ordercutting contour line along the calcareousness stratified excavation finishing cable trench edgeclear up四. 前期准备Prepar
19、ations4.1 技术准备technical preparation1） 针对本工程特点编审详细的电缆沟施工作业指导书，及时组织图纸会审。Compile particular cable trench construction engineering guide book as per project characteristics and organize promptly drawings joint examination.2) 根据上海市电力建设工程施工工艺实施细则结合本工程实际编写电缆沟施工工艺卡，并组织实施。Compile construction technique cards
20、 according to the Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Construction Engineering Construction Technology Implementation Details and organize its implementation.3) 施工人员全面了解电缆敷设来路、终点及敷设路径。Construction workers have comprehensive understanding antecedents, destination, and laying path of laying cables. 4.2
21、材料准备Material preparation根据材料计划采购所有的材料。所有材料规格型号及电压等级应符合设计要求，并有产品合格证。Purchase materials as per the plan. All materials specification models and the voltage level should meet the design requirements and have product certificates.4.3 主要机具准备Main equipments preparation尖、平头铁锹、手锤、手推车、梯子、铁镐、撬棍、钢尺、坡度尺、小线或20铅丝
22、等。Sharp, flat head shovel, hand hammers, wheelbarrows, ladders, picks, crowbars, steel ruler, slope-foot, small lead wire or 20 #lead wire and so on.4.4 作业环境准备operating environment preparations1）土方开挖前，应根据施工方案的要求，将施工区域内的地上、地下障碍物清除和处理完毕。Prior to earth excavation, clear up obstructions on the ground or
23、 underground as per construction plan.2）建筑物或构筑物的位置或场地的定位控制线（桩）、标准水平桩及基槽的灰线尺寸，必须经过检验合格，并办完预检手续。The location building or structure and the calcareousness of site positioning control lines (piles), standard level pile and the groove base size must be tested qualified, and finished pre-screening procedu
24、res.3）场地要清理平整，做好排水坡度，在施工区域内，要挖临时性排水沟。Clean up the site and make drainage slope. Excavate temporary drains in the construction area.4）夜间施工时，应合理安排工序，防止错挖或超挖。施工场地应根据需要安装照明设施，在危险地段应设置明显标志。Arrange night construction procedures properly to prevent wrong dig or super-dug. Install the lighting facilities as
25、 needed and set signs in a dangerous location.5）开挖低于地下水位的基坑（槽）时，应根据工程地质资料，采取措施降低地下水位，一般要降至低于开挖底面的05m，然后再开挖。Excavate base pit (groove) below the groundwater level should low groundwater level based on engineering geological data to be lower than 0.5m of the underside, and then excavate. 五. 电缆沟施工Cable
26、 Trench Construction 5.1 电缆沟测量、定位cable trench measurement and positioning1）根据出线电缆布局和电缆沟开挖现场地形条件确定出电缆沟具体走向。 Determine the specific direction of cable trench of outgoing according to layout and excavation terrain conditions.2) 电缆沟线路测量包括定线测量、水准测量和直接丈量。The cable trench line measurements include alignmen
27、t, leveling and direct measurement. 定线测量要测定线路的中心线和转角，并应测量沟槽与相邻的永久性建筑物的位置关系，必要时应在地面上设立标志。Alignment measurement needs to determine the centerline and corners, and measure grooves and adjacent permanent building location relations. If necessary, set up ground signs. 在进行沟槽水准测量时,应沿线设临时水准点,临时水准点标高值由控制水准点引
28、测。 Conduct leveling should set temporary standard points, whose elevation is cited by the control measure. 5.2 电缆沟开挖Cable Trench Excavation1) 开挖路线确定后，需要由管理公司和业主确认，尽量避免开挖路线下有管线。如确有管线，则尽量选择管线较少区域开挖。The management company and the owner need to confirm excavation line. Try to avoid pipeline route diggin
29、g and choose less pipeline area on excavating. 2) 开挖前要认真调查了解地上地下障碍物，以便开挖时采取妥善加固保护措施。根据建设方提供的现况地下管线图，进行现场调查探摸，在每个开挖路线上，每隔30m进行人工开挖试空井，明确整个断面有无其它管线，及其管线分布情况，采取有效措施加以保护。 Investigate obstructions above and below ground before excavation to take appropriate reinforcement measures. According to the underg
30、round pipeline drawings provided by the owner, make site investigations. At intervals of 30m on each route excavate wells manually to check whether the entire cross-section has other pipelines and its distribution to take effective protection measures. 3） 根据基础和土质、现场出土等条件要合理确定开挖顺序。Determine excavatio
31、n order rationally according to the foundation, on-site soil quality and other conditions etc.4） 开挖时，应先沿灰线直边切出槽边的轮廓线，然后再分段分层平均下挖。Cut out the contour line along the calcareousness, and then excavate with sub-layer and subsection.一般粘性土可自上而下分层开挖，每层深度以60cm为宜，从开挖端部逆向倒退按踏步型挖掘。Generally clay can be excavat
32、ed from top to bottom by layer with the appropriate depth 60cm. backward excavate from the end by stepping type.碎石类土先用镐翻松，正向挖掘，每层深度，视翻土厚度而定，每层应清底和出土，然后逐步挖掘。Gravel type soil first use pick to loose, then forward excavate with each layer depth depended on the thickness of digging soil. Clear the botto
33、m and dig out the earth by layer and then excavate gradually. 5) 在开挖槽边弃土时，应保证边坡和直立帮的稳定。当土质良好时，抛于槽边的土方（或材料），应距槽（沟）边缘08m以外，高度不宜超过1m。开挖基坑（槽）的土方，在场地有条件堆放时，留足回填需用的好土，多余的土方运出，避免二次搬运。Excavate side earth should ensure the stability of the slope and upright. When the soil is fine, throw earth on the groove s
34、ide (or material) 0.8m away from the pit (groove) edge with height more than 1m. Stack backfill soil if it has conditions and move the excess earth out to avoid secondary handling.6） 土方开挖部分采用人工开挖为主，部分区域在保证人员，设备安全，不损坏现有管线的基础上采用机械开挖，槽底预留20cm由人工清底。开挖过程中严禁超挖，以防扰动地基。对于有地下障碍物（管、缆）的地段由人工开挖，严禁破坏。具体如下： Mainl
35、y take manual excavation and ensure personnel and equipment safety on some parts. Take mechanical excavation on the basis of not damaging the existing pipeline and set aside 20cm at the bottom for clearing by hand. Ultra-excavation is strictly prohibited to prevent ground disturbance. For undergroun
36、d obstacles (pipes, cables) parts excavate manually. As follows:机械与人工相结合开挖路线（A472至C581南线与北线）Mechanical and manual excavation line (A472 to C581 South Line and North Line)机械开挖整个过程都有人员跟随进行指挥，在确认的机械开挖路线上进行开挖工作，机械开挖深度不得很深，首次开挖控制在300mm左右，再100mm每次挖下去，避免破坏地下管线，如有管线，立即进行人工开挖。Mechanical excavation should be
37、under command and follow the confirmed line. Do not mechanically excavate too deep but first by 300mm and then 100mm each to avoid destructing pipelines. If there are pipelines, immediately take manual excavation.C581南线开挖到临时道路，通过其它承包商仓库的时候先不开挖断，等电缆沟开挖到最后的时候再回头开挖这部分，开挖后并在这些地段铺上木方。When C581 South Line
38、 temporary road through the warehouse of other contractor, dig down and cover with wooden poles until all cable trench is excavated to the final parts.人工开挖路线（A472至B301S支线）Manual excavation line (A472 to B301S Branch)在人工开挖路线上，安排人员进行开挖，不得机械开挖。开挖过程中需要小心谨慎，注意地下管线。Arrange personnel on manual excavation l
39、ine rather than taking mechanical excavation. Pay attention to underground pipelines.7）土方开挖一般不宜在雨季进行，否则工作面不宜过大，应分段逐片的分期完成。The earth excavation in general should not be carried out during the rainy season, or working face should not be too great and should be completed in section.雨期开挖基坑（槽）时，应注意边坡稳定，必
40、要时可适当放缓边坡或设置支撑。同时应在坑（槽）外侧围以土堤或开挖水沟，防止地面水流入。施工时应加强对边坡、支撑、土堤等的检查。On pluvial days excavate pit (groove), pay attention to slope stability. If necessary, low slope or set up support. Meanwhile enclose embankment around the pit (groove) or did a ditch to prevent surface water inflow. Strengthen on checki
41、ng the slope, support, embankment etc.8）土方开挖不宜在冬期施工。如必须在冬期施工时，其施工方法应按冬施方案进行。Earth excavation should not be done in the winter period. If necessary, take winter program.采用防止冻结法开挖土方时，可在冻结前用保温材料覆盖或将表层土翻耕耙松，其翻耕深度应根据当地气候条件确定，一般不小于03m。On prevent-freezing earthwork excavation method, cover insulation mater
42、ial before freezing or loosen topsoil with tillage depth determined by local climatic conditions, generally not less than 0.3m.开挖电缆沟时，必须防止沟底基土遭受冻结，如沟槽开挖完毕至埋设电缆之间，有较长的停歇时间，应在基底标高以上预留适当厚度的松土，或用其他保温材料覆盖Prevent the groove base soil be frozen, such as the interval between trench excavation and cable layi
43、ng reserve loose soil with appropriate thickness above basement elevation or cover with other thermal insulation material.9） 开槽后及时约请各有关人员验槽，验槽合格后方可进行下道工序。Invite related personnel to check the excavated trench and carry out the next working procedure after passing the examination.六. 质量控制Quality Contr
44、ol6.1 电缆沟外形尺寸允许偏差表Allowable deviated external dimensions of cable trench table允许偏差项目allowable deviationitem 电缆沟外形尺寸允许偏差allowable deviated external dimensions of cable trench table序号s/no项目items允许偏差（mm）allowable deviation检验方法test method1标高elevation0mm，50mm用水准仪检查water level check2长度、宽度length, width0mm由
45、设计中心向两边量、拉线和尺量检查design center measure and pull line on both sides and ruler inspection3边坡偏陡steep side slope不允许not allowed坡度尺检查gradient ruler inspection6.2 应注意的质量问题Quality issues1） 沟底超挖：开挖电缆沟不得超过沟底标高，如个别地方超挖时，其处理方法应取得设计单位的同意。Ultra excavation: cable trench excavation shall not exceed the bottom elevat
46、ion. If ultra-dig in some places, obtain the consent of design units.4）施工顺序不合理：土方开挖宜先从低处开挖，分层分段依次进行，形成一定坡度，以利排水。The construction sequence is unreasonable: earth excavation should begin from the lower place, layer by layer and section by section in turn; form a certain slope to facilitate drainage.5）
47、开挖尺寸不足：电缆沟底部的开挖宽度，应根据施工需要增加工作面宽度。The excavation size is not enough: Cable trench bottom width should be increased as per construction needs.6）电缆沟边坡不直不平、基底不平：应加强检查，随挖随修，并要认真验收。Slope is not straight and base is uneven: strengthen inspection, repair cable trench, and then accept seriously.七. 成品保护Finish
48、ed Protection1) 对定位标准桩、轴线引桩、标准水准点等，挖运土时不得碰撞。并应经常测量和校核其平面位置、水平标高和边坡坡度是否符合设计要求。定位标准桩和标准水准点应定期复测和检查是否正确。Do not collide targeting criteria piles, axis cited pile, and standard level points, etc. on moving earth. Regularly measure and check whether the plane location, elevation and slope gradient are in compliance with design requirements. Re-measure and inspect targeting criteria piles and standard level points.2) 土方开挖时，应防止邻近已有建筑物或构筑物、道路、管线等发生下沉和变形。必要时应与设计单位或建设单位协商采取防护措施，并在施工中进行沉降或位