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1、Unit 9 When was it invented?Section APeriod 1Studying aimsStudying aims1.New words:invent,light bulb,calculator2.Sentences:Who was it invented by?It was invented by.When was it invented?It was invented in.What is it used for?It is used for(doing)3.Grammar:The passive voice(被动语态）Edison invented the l
2、ight bulb.invention n.发明物发明物inventor n.发明家发明家invent v.发明发明Edisonlight bulbThe light bulb was invented by Edison.in 1879 The light bulb was invented in 1879.主动句被动句注意两种语态中动词与主语的关系-Who invented the telephone?-Bell invented the telephone.-Who was the telephone invented by?-It was invented by Bell.Bell i
3、n 1876-When was it invented?-It was invented in 1876.1bListen and match the inventions Listen and match the inventions with the dates.with the dates.18761885192719711976dabecA A:What is the _ :What is the _ used for?used for?B B:It:It is used foris used for _._.talking with people(talk with people)t
4、elephoneA A:What is the _ :What is the _ used for?used for?B B:It:It is used foris used for _._.(count)countingcalculatorWho _ by?Edisonlight bulbIt _ Edison.in 1879 give people lightIt _ in 1879.When _ the light bulb _?What is it _ for?It _ used for _ people light.was the light bulb inventedwas inv
5、ented bywasinventedwas inventedusedisgiving car/1885/Henry Ford/travel fastfridge/1862/Harrison/keep food freshwashing machine/1858/Smith/wash clothes Who was the.invented?When was it invented?What is it used for?.主动语态与被动语态主动语态与被动语态：英语动词有两种语态英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态即主动语态(The Active(The Active Voice)Voice)与被动
6、语态（与被动语态（The Passive Voice)The Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。e.g.1.They make trains in Zhuzhou.Trains are made in Zhuzhou.2.The farmers grow cotton every year.Cotton is grown by the farmers every year.主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态精当点拨The passive voi
7、ce.被动语态被动语态被动语态的用法被动语态的用法1.不知道或没必要说明动作执行者时,常用被动语态.eg.Such books are written for children.2.动作的承受者是谈话的中心时，用被动语态.eg.A new pen was given to me by Li Ming.3.出于文章修辞的需要使用同一主语以求作品简练。.eg.Thousands of beaches are polluted(污染).自学指导：根据例句总结自学指导：根据例句总结常用常用被动语态的构成被动语态的构成一般现在时态一般现在时态 am,is,are+过去分词过去分词Our classroo
8、m was cleaned by us yesterday.一般过去时态一般过去时态was,were+过去分词过去分词These machines are made in Beijing.I am welcomed by the Greens.The homework is done by Lucy at night.The trees were planted by them last year.自学指导：根据例句总结自学指导：根据例句总结常用常用被动语态的构成被动语态的构成A talk will be given by Miss Li this afternoon.一般将来时态一般将来时态
9、will+be+过去分词过去分词The box has been carried to the room.These books have been read by me.现在完成时态现在完成时态have,has+been+过去分词过去分词I should be allowed to go out with my friends.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词填空（完成被动语态填空）填空（完成被动语态填空）1.They often clean their classroom after school.（改为被动语态）（改为被动语态）Thei
10、r classroom _ often _ by them after school.2.Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week.（同上）（同上）A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week.iscleanedwas given byPractice当堂训练3.A lot of people in China can speak English now.（同上）（同上）English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now.4.I have learned English for about two years.
11、（同上）（同上）English _ _ _ for about two years.5.They will publish these story-books next month.（同上）（同上）These story-books _ _ _ next month.can be spokenhas been learnedwill be publishede.g Many people speak English.Englishis spokenby many people.主动语态变被动语态的步骤：主动语态变被动语态的步骤：1 1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；、主动语态的宾语变为被动
12、语态的主语；2 2、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构；、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构；3 3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by by 引引出，当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。出，当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。4.4.其它成分不变。其它成分不变。主语宾语谓语动词谓语动词变被动语态时需要注意的事项变被动语态时需要注意的事项一变一变二套二套三注意三注意宾变主，宾变主，主变宾，宾语前面主变宾，宾语前面byby来跟，谓语动词变过分，勿忘来跟，谓语动词变过分，勿忘前面前面bebe动词动词套时态，主被动句时态一致套时态，主被动句时态一致注意因人称的变化而引起的注意因人称的
13、变化而引起的主谓一致问题。主谓一致问题。当堂训练将下列主动语态的句子变为被动句1.Many students study English.2.They made shoes in that factory.3.They will finish the work in ten days.English is studied by many students.Shoes were made by them in that factory.The work will be finished by them in ten days.4.Tom has clean the room.5.Amy can take good care of Gina The room has been cleaned by Tom.Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.6.They built the tall building last year.The tall building was built by them last year.