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1、1replace vt.1)放回原处You should replace the magazine on the shelf after you read it.你读完杂志后要将它放回书架上。2)取代；代替George replaced Edward as captain.乔治接任爱德华当队长。We must try to find new material to replace plastics.我们必须找到新材料来替代塑料。知识拓展replace sb./sth.with sb./sth.用替换replaceable adj.可替换的；可代替的replacement n.代替；更换in p
2、lace ofin ones place 代替give place to sb./sth.为某人/某物所取代即学即用(2021山 东 烟 台 质 检)When you have finished the book,please _ on the shelf.AreplaceBtake placeCtake place of Din place of答案：A2nearly adv.1)将近When Christ was born nearly two thousand years ago,many people,rich and poor,gave him presents.将近2000年前基督
3、诞生的时候，很多人无论贫富都给他送去礼物。2)几乎；差不多I nearly forgot!Its Grandmas birthday next Thursday.我差点忘记了！下周四是奶奶的生日呢。词语辨析：almost,nearly,about1)almost意为“几乎；强调十分接近，接近程度比nearly大，有“very nearly的意思，也含“缺乏这意，用于修饰表示肯定意义的词语时，可与nearly互换。2)nearly意为“差不多；着眼于局部，所指的差距比almost大，前面可用very，pretty来修饰，有“不够之意，一般用来修饰表示肯定意义的词语。3)about意为“大约；“左
4、右；有more or less的意思。I get up at six almost every day.我几乎每天6点钟起床。She is almost as tall as you.她几乎与你一样高。Its nearly 2 oclock.现在快两点了。About fifty people were present.大约有50人出席。注意：(1)almost和 nearly都 可 以 在 all,every，always以及动词的否认式前。(2)almost可与nothing,nobody,no,none,never等否认词连用，而nearly那么不可以，但可以说not nearly“远非，
5、相差很远。(3)nearly前可用very，pretty来修饰，而almost那么不行。即学即用It is _impossible to remember so many words in ten minutes.Anearly BalmostCabout Dnear答案：B1come to1)如果到达；归结为The plan came to nothing.方案落空了。2)涉及；至于When it comes to playing basketball he is the champ.说到打篮球，他最拿手。3)苏醒；复苏知识拓展come to light 暴露，显露come to onese
6、lf 苏醒过来；恢复自制力when it comes to.当涉及come to an end 结束come to a decision 作出决定come to a conclusion 得出结论come to sb.被想出即学即用她突然想到自己从开始就错了。_ _ _ _ _ _she had been wrong all along.答案：It suddenly came to her that2believe in1)信任；依赖；相信的效用If you believe in yourself you can succeed.你能自信便会成功。2)相信的真实性；相信的存在Do you be
7、lieve in magic?你相信魔术真有其事吗？知识拓展believe it or not 信不信由你 believe me(加强语气)相信我的话，真的make believe 假装Would you believe it?(表示惊讶)你能相信吗？高考直击(2021安徽)Im amazed to hear from my school teacher again._，it is ten years since we met last.AIn a word BWhats moreCThats to say DBelieve it or not解析：考查了状语的用法。句意为“再次收到我学校老师
8、的来信我非常吃惊，信不信由你，自从上次相见，现在已经10年了。Believe it or not意为“信不信由你；in a word意为“总之；一句话；whats more意为“而且；更重要的是；thats to say意为“也就是说。答案：D即学即用The flue is believed _by viruses that like to reproduce the cells inside the human nose and throat.Acausing Bbeing causedCto be caused Dto have caused答案：C3come on1)口语中常用来表示“快
9、；“来吧(别再犹豫了)；“加油；“赶快等。Come on Tom.I have something to tell you.快过来汤姆，我有事要告诉你。2)进行；进展(come along)How is your work coming on?你的工作进展如何？I hope his plans are coming on all right.我希望他的方案进展顺利。3)(夜幕等)降临，到来Night is coming on.夜晚就要来临。4)举行；上演The play will come on next week.这部剧将在下周上演。The final examination comes o
10、n next month.期末考试下月举行。知识拓展come about 发生；造成come across(无意中)碰到；找到come along 跟着去；进展 come round(around)来访；苏醒；复原come back 恢复；回想起来come from 来自；是的人come in 进来；出现come into being(existence)建立；产生come into effect(force)开始生效come out 出版；长出；显出；结果是；结局是即学即用(2021东 北 三 校 联 考)One day I _a newspaper article about the re
11、tirement of an English professor at a nearby state college.Acame across Bcame afterCcame about Dcame on答案：A1Amateur astronomer David Bates was looking at the moon through his telescope last night when he got a big surprise.昨晚正当天文学业余爱好者戴维贝茨透过望远镜观看月球时，(所看到的景象令)他大吃一惊。该句中when作连词，相当于and then，意为“就在那个时候；这时
12、，前一分句多用进行时、过去完成时、be about to或be on the point of doing形式，表示一件事非常及时地在另一件事情正在进行时发生了。I was watching TV when he suddenly came in.我正在看电视，这时他突然进来了。I was about to leave when the telephone rang.我正要离开，这时 响了。The boy was on the point of drowning when he caught hold of the rope.那个孩子在快要被淹没时抓住了绳子。即学即用I had just st
13、epped out of the bathroom and was busy drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps.Awhile BwhenCsince Dafter答案：B2Now that I have made this first visit,I hope I can come many more times.既然我有过一次来访，那么我希望能来更屡次。now that既然；由于；现在(当)；而这时；该短语为附属连词，引导原因或时间状语从句，在口语中可省略that，放在句首。Now that we are alone,we can
14、speak freely.既然剩咱们自己了，可以随便谈谈了。Now that you have passed the driving test,you can drive on your own.既然驾驶考试你已经通过，那你就可以单独开车了。高考直击(2007浙江)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice,_they knew it to be valuable.Aas if Bnow thatCeven though Dso that解析：根据句意“他们中的很多人不听他的建议，即使他们知道它是有价值的。答案：C即学即用_youve grown
15、up,you should not rely on your parents.ANow that BAfterCAlthough DAs soon as答案：A3Is this the first time hes seen aliens landing on the moon?这是他第一次看见外星人登陆月球吗？This/It is first/second./last time that.“这是某人第一/二/最后一次做某事，that引导定语从句，在口语中that常省略。It is the third time that he has won the gold medal.这是他第三次赢得金牌
16、。This is the first time that I have come to your country.这是我第一次来你们国家。This is the first time that we have seen her.这是我们初次与她见面。This was the first time that we had seen her.这是我们初次与她见面。词语辨析：the first time,for the first timethe first time是名词短语，在句中可作表语，构成句型：是名词短语，在句中可作表语，构成句型：It/This is the first time tha
17、t.，也可以作连，也可以作连词使用，引导时间状语从句。词使用，引导时间状语从句。for the first time是介词短语，在句中只能作状语。是介词短语，在句中只能作状语。This/Is is the first time that I have seen such a good flim.我这是第一次看这么好的电影。The first time I went to Beijing,I visited the Summer Palace.我第一次去北京时，参观了颐和园。They met for the first time.他们第一次见面。即学即用It is time that such
18、practices _.Abe ended Bwere endedCare ended Dmust be ended答案：B4You must be joking!你一定在开玩笑！must在此表示肯定的推测，意为“必定；非常可能；常用于以下结构：1)“mustdo，对现在或将来情况的推测。You must be tired after your long journey.走了这么远的路，你一定很累。2)“mustbe doing，表示对现在进行的或将来情况的推测。He must be working at the office for the light is still on.他一定还在公办
19、公室上班，那儿的灯还亮着。3)“musthave been doing，表示对到目前为止或过去情况的推测。He must have been watching TV at home then.当时他一定是在家看电视。注意：must表推测时只用于肯定句，在疑问句或否认句中要用can或could来表示。Where can he be?他可能在哪里呢？He cant be a teacher.他不可能是老师。知识拓展表推测的情态动词的反意疑问句可用“回归法来确定，即回归到不是表示推测的时候，这句话该怎么说，反意疑问句就怎么定。He must have passed the driving test
20、yesterday,didnt he?他昨天一定通过了驾驶考试，是吗？She must have been asleep then,wasnt she?她那时一定是睡着了，是吗？He must be at home,isnt he?他一定在家，是吗？Your brother cant have left,has he?你弟弟不可能已经离开了，不是吗？高考直击(1)(2021浙 江 17)“You _ have a wrong number，she said,“Theres no one of that name here.A.need B.can C.must D.would 解析：must
21、表示对现在情况的肯定猜测，由句意可知答案。答案：C(2)(2021全国)I cant leave.She told me that I_stay here until she comes back.Acan BmustCwill Dmay解析：此题题意：我不能离开。她告诉我说我必须呆在这里，直到她回来。must表示“(必要或很重要)必须。答案：B即学即用(2007江 苏)She looks very happy.She_have passed the exam.I guess so.Its not difficult after all.Ashould BcouldCmust Dmight答案
22、：C用法用法例句例句because表示直接的表示直接的原因或理由，语气原因或理由，语气最强，常表示必然最强，常表示必然的因果关系。回答的因果关系。回答以以why引起的特殊引起的特殊疑问句，只能用疑问句，只能用because。He is absent today because he is ill.他今天缺课，因为他病了。他今天缺课，因为他病了。Because we had strong palyers,we won the game.因为我们有强势队员，所以赢得了因为我们有强势队员，所以赢得了比赛。比赛。since表示对方已经表示对方已经知晓、无须加以说知晓、无须加以说明的原因或事实，明的原因
23、或事实，语气比语气比because稍弱。稍弱。Ill do it for you since you are busy.既然你忙，我来替你做吧。既然你忙，我来替你做吧。Since everyone is here,lets get started.既然大家都来了，咱们开始吧。既然大家都来了，咱们开始吧。用法用法例句例句as往往表示十分明显的原因，听往往表示十分明显的原因，听者或读者已经知道或能看出来，者或读者已经知道或能看出来，语气较弱，比较口语化。语气较弱，比较口语化。As you object,Ill change the plan.由于你反对，我将改变计划。由于你反对，我将改变计划。Sh
24、e didnt hear us come in as she was asleep.她因睡着了没听见我们进来。她因睡着了没听见我们进来。now that意为意为“既然既然”，与，与since同义，但更突出事实本身。同义，但更突出事实本身。Now that I am well again,I can go on with my work.我既然恢复了健康，就能继续工作。我既然恢复了健康，就能继续工作。for语气最弱，关系最间接，用语气最弱，关系最间接，用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释，来补充说明理由或提供一种解释，不一定是真正的原因，引导的从不一定是真正的原因，引导的从句不能放在前面。句不能放在前
25、面。He must be ill,for he is absent today.今天他不在，一定是生病了。今天他不在，一定是生病了。Prepare to get off,for we are almost there.我们马上就要到了，准备下车吧。我们马上就要到了，准备下车吧。用法用法例句例句除了状语从句外，除了状语从句外，还有一些介词短语还有一些介词短语也可以表示原因。也可以表示原因。这类介词短语有这类介词短语有thanks to,as a result of,because of,due to,owing to等。等。Thanks to your help,I passed the tes
26、t.多亏了你的帮助，我才通过了测验。多亏了你的帮助，我才通过了测验。As a result of the war,many peoples lives were lost.由于战争，许多人丧生了。由于战争，许多人丧生了。Some articles have risen in price due to the increasing demand.由于需求的增加，一些商品提价了。由于需求的增加，一些商品提价了。The train was late owing to the bad weather.那班列车因天气恶劣而误点。那班列车因天气恶劣而误点。seeing that,considering t
27、hat,in that等也可引导等也可引导原因状语从句。原因状语从句。Seeing(that)he is inexperienced,he is not fit for the work.既然他没有经验，他就不适合这项工作。既然他没有经验，他就不适合这项工作。Considering(that)the traffic is heavy this time of day，we will have to wait a little longer.考虑到这个时间交通会很拥挤，我们只好再等一会儿。考虑到这个时间交通会很拥挤，我们只好再等一会儿。I like the city,but I prefer t
28、he country in that there is fresher air.我喜欢这座城市，但我更喜欢乡村，因为那里有更清新的我喜欢这座城市，但我更喜欢乡村，因为那里有更清新的空气。空气。高考直击(1)(2021北京)Did you return Freds call?I didnt need to_Ill see him tomorrow.Athough BunlessCwhen Dbecause解析：题意：“你给弗雷德回 了吗？“不必，因为我明天就见到他了。此处because引导原因状语从句。though引导让步状语从句；unless引导条件状语从句；when引导时间状语从句。答案：D
29、(2)(2021四川)I hope youve got your own car,_ if you havent we may have to hire one.Abecause Bso thatCever since Dwhen解析：题意：我希望你有自己的车，因为如果没有的话，我们就得租一辆了。由题意判断，空格后面的主从复合句为原因，应选because引导。so that引导目的或结果状语从句；ever since为副词短语，意为“从那时到现在；when引导时间状语从句。答案：A(3)(2021山 东)He found it increasingly difficult to read，_h
30、is eyesight was beginning to fail.Athough BforCbut Dso解析：题意：因为他的视力开始下降了，他发现读书越来越困难了。后一句是在说明读书越来越困难的原因，故只能用for,for为并列连词，前后两句为并列关系，for后连接的句子对前句起到补充说明的作用，语气较as/because要弱。答案：B即学即用Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,_ this was a memory she especially treasured.Aas BifCwhen D.where答案：AA man cannot smile like a child,_ a child smiles with his eyes,while a man smiles with his lips alone.Aso BbutCand Dfor答案：DUnlike watching TV,reading is a highly active process(过程)_ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.Auntil BbutCunless Dfor答案：D