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1、返回目录返回目录考情分析考情分析【考纲解读考纲解读】语法填空是考查语法填空是考查“词法与句法知识词法与句法知识”的项目。词法部的项目。词法部分侧重考查动词时态及语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、冠分侧重考查动词时态及语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、冠词、代词、并列连词、形容词与副词、介词等；词、代词、并列连词、形容词与副词、介词等；句法部分句法部分侧重考查定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、虚拟语气、侧重考查定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、虚拟语气、强调句型、倒装、省略句等。试题本着强调句型、倒装、省略句等。试题本着“突出语境、重在突出语境、重在运用、符合表达、体现能力运用、符合表达、体现能力”的原则，强调
2、语法知识在具的原则，强调语法知识在具体语境中的运用，因此掌握一定的文化背景、揣摩说话人体语境中的运用，因此掌握一定的文化背景、揣摩说话人的意图成了解决语法填空的关键。的意图成了解决语法填空的关键。返回目录返回目录考情分析考情分析【命题透视命题透视】以下是广东省近以下是广东省近3 3年高考自主命题语法填空题考点分年高考自主命题语法填空题考点分布情况：布情况：返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究探究一探究一语法型法型语法填空主要法填空主要对所学的所学的语法知法知识进行考行考查，既可能是，既可能是对语法概念理解和运用上的考法概念理解和运用上的考查，也可能是，也可能是对语法法结构的构的考考查。基本特点就是
3、。基本特点就是“先先语境后境后语法法”。几乎所有的考。几乎所有的考题都都提供了一个微型提供了一个微型语境，境，让考生根据考生根据讲话人所人所处的的语言言环境境来来选择答案。体答案。体现了高考了高考试题“活用活用语法法”的命的命题特点。要特点。要求考生求考生对语言的把握要准确、透言的把握要准确、透彻，解，解题过程中要程中要领会会语境中的内涵，因境中的内涵，因为这种种类型型题的答案往往的答案往往隐藏在藏在语境中。境中。返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究例例1 After school we went to the reading room to do some reading,only to be
4、told that it _Awas decorated Bhad decorated Chad been decorating Dwas being decorated解解析析 D考考查查动动词词的的时时态态与与语语态态。reading room和和decorate之之间间是是动动宾宾关关系系，应应用用被被动动语语态态。B和和C是是主主动动形形式式，故故排排除除。题题空空处处暗暗含含一一个个时时间间状状语语：我我们们去去阅阅览览室室的的那那段段时时间间。表表示示过过去去某某段段时时间间正正在在进进行行的的被被动动作，应用过去进行时的被动语态。动动作，应用过去进行时的被动语态。返回目录返回目录
5、题型探究题型探究探究二探究二习惯搭配型搭配型习惯搭配搭配题是是对中学所学的中学所学的词或或词组的的习惯用法和搭用法和搭配配进行考行考查。在。在历届高考届高考试题中，既有中，既有对一些固定的、不一些固定的、不能改能改变的的习惯用用语或搭配的考或搭配的考查，也有，也有对一些搭配灵活、一些搭配灵活、可可变的的词或或词组的考的考查。做。做这类试题时，应注意固定搭配注意固定搭配的的结构构问题，弄清，弄清习惯用用语或固定搭配的或固定搭配的结构。在答构。在答题时，考生要清楚所考的考生要清楚所考的习惯用用语或搭配是由哪几个或搭配是由哪几个词构成的，构成的，每个每个词的作用以及它的作用以及它们的位置关系等。的位
6、置关系等。许多多习惯用法和固用法和固定搭配所表达的意定搭配所表达的意义是固定不是固定不变的，所以只要的，所以只要记住其住其结构，构，答答题就容易了。就容易了。返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究例例2 Li Lei will come to understand your efforts sooner or later.Its just a matter of _Aluck Bvalue Ctime Dfact解解析析 C考考查查名名词词辨辨析析。句句意意：李李雷雷迟迟早早会会理理解解你你付付出出的的努努力力的的。这这只只是是个个时时间间问问题题。根根据据句句意意选选C。a matter of是习
7、惯搭配，意为是习惯搭配，意为“一个一个的问题的问题”。返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究探究三句式探究三句式结构型构型一般来一般来说，英，英语句式按句式按结构划分，可分构划分，可分为简单句、并句、并列句和复合句；列句和复合句；按按语气划分，可分气划分，可分为陈述句、疑述句、疑问句、祈句、祈使句和感使句和感叹句。此外，句。此外，还有一些特殊句式，如省略句、有一些特殊句式，如省略句、强调句、句、there be 句型和独立句型和独立结构等。要求熟构等。要求熟练区分各种句区分各种句式式结构和句式特点。构和句式特点。返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究例例3 Before you quit your job
8、,_ how your family would feel about your decision.Aconsider BconsideringCto consider Dconsidered 解解析析 A考考查查特特殊殊句句式式。虽虽然然干干扰扰项项多多为为非非谓谓语语动动词，但本句是祈使句，故应用动词原形。词，但本句是祈使句，故应用动词原形。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛1要仔细阅读题干，抓住关键词，捕捉句中隐含信息。题干中的关键词或关键符号具有提示信息的作用，一旦抓住了它，就能掌握选择的依据。几乎每年的高考题在题干设计上都有所创新，所以考生在考试之前应该有相应的心理准备。返回目录返回目
9、录应试点睛应试点睛例例4 Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday,they bring in a cake for us all to share.Atradition Bbalance Cconcern Drelationship解解析析 A考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。句句意意：在在我我们们办办公公室室有有一一个个传传统统，那那就就是是在在某某一一个个人人过过生生日日时时，那那个个人人就就带带一一个个蛋蛋糕糕到到办办公公室室和和大大家家一一起起分分享享。tradition传传统统；balance平平衡衡；con
10、cern关关心心；relationship关关系系。根根据据句意可知选句意可知选A。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛2 2灵活采用灵活采用还原法原法(把倒装式、把倒装式、强调式或疑式或疑问式的式的题干干变换为陈述句，再述句，再选择就容易多了就容易多了)、归类法法(根据句意，根据句意，把把选项分分组归类，缩小范小范围，提高做，提高做题的速度和确保准确的速度和确保准确性性)、推理法、推理法(根据前后文根据前后文进行行逻辑推理，在四个推理，在四个选项都可都可填入的情况下，要填入的情况下，要认真真阅读全句，仔全句，仔细体会其体会其语境，境，进行行综合判断合判断)、排除法、排除法(对于于难度度较大的大的
11、题要逐个要逐个试填，最后，填，最后，选取最符合取最符合语境的境的选项)等做等做题方法。方法。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛例例5 I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.Ahad come Bwas coming Cwould come Dwould have come解解析析 D似似乎乎本本题题与与虚虚拟拟语语气气不不沾沾边边，但但是是我我们们把把“but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.”变变化化一一下下就就成成了了“if I had known that t
12、hey were waiting for me.”这这样样我我们们就就知知道道，本本空空是是虚虚拟拟语语气气的的主句，与过去事实相反。主句，与过去事实相反。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛3.3.多从交多从交际的角度，即上下文的情景考的角度，即上下文的情景考虑问题，不，不要要单一地局限于某一地局限于某项语法理法理论。近年来，高考。近年来，高考题重重视考考查学生的学生的语言言实践能力，将践能力，将语法法语言知言知识放置于一定的放置于一定的语言言环境中境中进行考行考查，这是近年来高考英是近年来高考英语改革的一个方向。改革的一个方向。所以考生在做所以考生在做题的的过程中程中应该树立全局立全局观、整体
13、、整体观，不能，不能顾此失彼，只注意此失彼，只注意语法知法知识的正确性而忽略了的正确性而忽略了语境使用中境使用中的合理性。的合理性。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛例例6 If you _ smoke,please go outside.Acan Bshould Cmust Dmay解解析析 C句句意意：如如果果你你非非要要吸吸烟烟，请请到到外外面面去去。考考查查情情态态动动词词的的用用法法。can能能够够；should应应该该；must非非要要，偏要；偏要；may可以。根据语境可知选可以。根据语境可知选C。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛4.4.高考中的高考中的单选考点分布相考点分布相对稳定
14、、集中。英定、集中。英语的的时态、语态、非、非谓语动词、名、名词、代、代词、形容、形容词、副、副词、冠冠词、情、情态动词出出现的的频率率较高，尤其要引起重高，尤其要引起重视的是的是动词、动词短短语、各种、各种习惯表达法及交表达法及交际用法。用法。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛例例7 The exam results will be _ on Friday afternoon.Aput down Bput off Cput up Dput away解解析析 C句句意意：考考试试结结果果会会在在周周五五的的下下午午被被张张贴贴出出来来。本本题题考考查查动动词词短短语语用用法法辨辨析析。A项项意意
15、为为“放放下下，镇镇压压”，B项项意意为为“推推迟迟，阻阻止止”，C项项意意为为“张张贴贴，举起，建造举起，建造”，D项意为项意为“收好，储存收好，储存”。故选。故选C。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛5.5.对于含插入成分的句子，要抓住主干，排除冗余于含插入成分的句子，要抓住主干，排除冗余信息。信息。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛例例8，wed better take it to the garage immediately.AOtherwise BIf not CBut for that DIf so解解析析 D句句意意：听听起起来来好好像像车车的的发发动动机机出出了了问问题题。如如果果
16、那那样样的的话话，我我们们最最好好立立即即把把它它送送到到修修理理厂厂。本本题题考考查查省省略略。otherwise在在其其他他方方面面，否否则则；if not如如果果不不这这样样的的话话，否否则则；but for that要要不不是是那那样样的的话话；if so如果那样的话。根据句意应选如果那样的话。根据句意应选D。专题五记叙文型语法填空专题五记叙文型语法填空 专专题题导导读读典典例例导导练练新新题题预预测测返回目录返回目录专题五记叙文型语法填空 记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，是常见的文体，在语法填空篇章中，其语言特点有：(1)以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。合理使用丰富
17、多彩的谓语动词时态，文章中所叙述的动作具有层次感和立体感。(2)广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在使文章充满“动感”，而这种让往事历历在目的“动感”正是优秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。返回目录返回目录专专题题导导读读返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练 2013广东卷改编广东卷改编 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在相应或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在相应位置上。位置上。One
18、day,Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly,he 16._(find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son，“Go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it:neither too much 17._ too little.”His son looked surprised.“I can unde
19、rstand why I shouldnt pay too much，Father，but if I can pay less,18._ not save a bit of money？”返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练 “That would be a very 19._(reason)thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，”Nick said.Nicks guests,20._ had heard their conversation,a
20、sked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt 21._ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22._ the sweat and struggle of the man wh
21、o worked very hard to produce it.”返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练 “But such a small thing couldnt 23._(possible)destroy a village.”“In the beginning,there was only 24._ very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always 25._(think)that it was only small and not v
22、ery important，and look where we have ended up today.”返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练【要要点点综综述述】文文章章通通过过一一个个故故事事向向我我们们揭揭示示了了一一个个道道 理理：世世上上的的不不公公平平本本来来没没这这么么明明显显，正正是是由由于于众众人人的的 一点一滴的改变才使得这些不公愈演愈烈。一点一滴的改变才使得这些不公愈演愈烈。16found考考查查动动词词的的时时态态。文文章章讲讲述述的的是是过过去去的的事事情情，所所以以用用一一般般过过去去时时，也也可可结结合合后后面面从从句句的的
23、时时态态(过过去完成时去完成时)来判断。来判断。17nor考考查查连连词词。neithernor为为固固定定搭搭配配。a fair price表示表示“钱既不能太多，也不能太少钱既不能太多，也不能太少”。18why“why not动动词词原原形形”意意思思是是：为为什什么么不不？19reasonable考考查查词词形形变变化化。作作定定语语，修修饰饰后后面面的的名词名词thing，用形容词形式。，用形容词形式。reasonable 合理的。合理的。返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练20who考考查查关关系系代代词词。代代替替指指人人的的先先行行词词，
24、引引导导一个非限制性定语从句，用一个非限制性定语从句，用who。21at考考查查介介词词。at a lower price为为固固定定用用法法，意意思思是：以较低的价格。是：以较低的价格。22forrespect for sth意思是：对意思是：对的尊重。的尊重。23possibly考考查查词词形形变变换换。修修饰饰谓谓语语动动词词destroy，作状语，用副词形式。作状语，用副词形式。24a考考查查冠冠词词的的用用法法。an amount of 意意思思是是：许许多多，大量。大量。amount 前面有前面有very修饰，用不定冠词修饰，用不定冠词a。25thinking考考查查非非谓谓语语动
25、动词词。作作谓谓语语动动词词add的的伴伴随状语，表示主动，用随状语，表示主动，用v.ing形式。形式。返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 新新题题预预测测I am a junior in high school.There is a lady at my school 1._ job is to hand out call slips(索书单索书单)and prevent students from leaving the campus 2._ permission.Before today I had never seen her smile.The other
26、day my friends and I were eating in the cafeteria and I saw her walking around.When she came 3._ (close)to us,I could see that she was crying.She pulled out a tissue and quickly wiped her eyes.I thought to myself that this lady was so underappreciated and needed 4._ (recognize)for all her hard work.
27、So I wrote a note telling her that the students appreciated返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 新新题题预预测测everything she did and 5._ her contribution to our school made a difference in all of our lives.I signed it with“Some thankful students”and slipped it into 6._ envelope.Then I realized I didnt even know
28、 her name.I asked all of my professors but 7._ knew her name.I finally went to ask the lady at student services and 8._ (tell)that her name is Kathy.I bought her a bouquet of 9._ (colour)sunflowers and tapped the envelope to it.I brought the flowers to the school and left 10._ in her office.She came
29、 into my third period shortly afterwards to deliver a call slip,and there it was a smile on her face!返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 新新题题预预测测1whose 5that8.was told 9.colourful 10them 返回目录返回目录备用习题备用习题(一一)Elevenyearold Angela was stricken with a disease involving her nervous system.The doctors did not
30、hold out much hope of her ever recovering 1._ this illness.They predicted shed spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair.2._ Angela firmly believed that she was definitely going to be walking again someday.The doctors were charmed by her 3._(defeatable)spirit.They taught her about imagingabout seei
31、ng herself 4._(walk)Angela would work as hard as possible in physical therapy(治疗治疗),lying there faithfully doing her imaging,visualizing herself moving,moving,moving!返回目录返回目录备用习题备用习题One day,5._ she was straining all her might to imagine her legs moving again,6._ seemed as though a miracle happened:t
32、he bed moved!She screamed out,“Look,what I 7._(do)!Look!Look!I can do it!I moved!I moved！”Of course,8._ this very moment everyone else in the hospital was screaming,too.It was the San Francisco earthquake.But dont tell 9._ to Angela.She was 10._(convince)that she did it.And now only a few years late
33、r,she was back in school on her own two feet.No walking sticks,no wheelchair.返回目录返回目录【要点综述要点综述】靠轮椅行走的安吉拉，连医生对她的康靠轮椅行走的安吉拉，连医生对她的康复都不抱希望，但她始终没有放弃，一次地震让她觉复都不抱希望，但她始终没有放弃，一次地震让她觉得是她自己的腿动了，并对此坚信不疑，几年后她真得是她自己的腿动了，并对此坚信不疑，几年后她真的靠自己的双脚重新走进了学校。的靠自己的双脚重新走进了学校。1fromrecover from an illness意为意为“从疾病中恢复从疾病中恢复过来过来
34、”。2But与前句是转折关系。与前句是转折关系。3undefeatable在名词前作定语，要用形容词；由在名词前作定语，要用形容词；由语境可知，此处应表示语境可知，此处应表示“不败的不败的”，故填，故填undefeatable。句意：医生为她永不言败的精神所折服。句意：医生为她永不言败的精神所折服。4walkingsee sb doing sth看见某人在做某事。看见某人在做某事。备用习题备用习题返回目录返回目录5asas表示表示“正当正当时时”。6it句式搭配：句式搭配：it seems as if/as though仿佛是仿佛是。7am doing8atat this very momen
35、t意为意为“就在此刻就在此刻”。9that/it代替前文说的地震这回事。代替前文说的地震这回事。10convinced用形容词形式。用形容词形式。be convinced of/that 深信深信，坚信。，坚信。备用习题备用习题返回目录返回目录备用习题备用习题(二二)One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival.I left it early because I had an appointment 1._(late)that day.My friends walked me to the bus stop and
36、waited with me 2._ the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back,and then I noticed a man 3._(sit)at the front.He 4._(pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.He must be 5._(mental)disabled.Behind him were other people to 6._he was trying to talk,but after some minut
37、es 7._ walked away and sat near me,looking annoyed.返回目录返回目录备用习题备用习题I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him 8._ his own either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had 9._ amazing conv
38、ersation.He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made the choice.It made 10._ of us feel good.返回目录返回目录【要点综述要点综述】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我我”的一次乘车经历：在公交车上遇到一个好像是弱智的的一次乘车经历：在公交车上遇到一个好像是弱智的人，其他人都躲开了，而人，其他人都躲开了，而“我我”走近了他，和他聊起走近了他，和他聊起来，一路上来，一路上“我俩我俩”都很高兴
39、。都很高兴。1later考考查查副副词词的的用用法法。“我我”离离开开得得较较早早因因为为那那天晚些时候天晚些时候“我我”有个约会。有个约会。2till/until考考查查状状语语从从句句的的连连接接词词。“我我”的的朋朋友友一直陪一直陪“我我”直到公共汽车来。直到公共汽车来。3sitting/sit考考查查动动词词的的用用法法。notice sb doing/do sth意为意为“注意到某人正在做某事注意到某人正在做某事/做某事做某事”。4was pretending考考查查动动词词的的时时态态。由由giving it a voice可知用过去进行时。可知用过去进行时。备用习题备用习题返回目
40、录返回目录5mentally考查副词的用法。此处考查副词的用法。此处disabled是形容是形容词，用副词修饰。词，用副词修饰。6whom 考考查查定定语语从从句句的的关关系系词词。此此处处he was trying to talk to 是是定定语语从从句句，people是是先先行行词词，whom作介词作介词to的宾语。的宾语。7they考考查查代代词词的的用用法法。他他们们走走开开然然后后坐坐在在“我我”的旁边。的旁边。8on考考查查词词组组的的用用法法。此此处处考考查查词词组组on ones own(alone)。备用习题备用习题返回目录返回目录9an考考查查冠冠词词的的用用法法。amazing是是以以元元音音音音素素开开头头，故用故用an。10 both 考考 查查 代代 词词 的的 用用 法法。由由 上上 文文“We hadamazing conversation.”可知可知“我们俩我们俩”都很高兴。都很高兴。备用习题备用习题