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1、1read v.1)阅读；朗读(常与aloud,out,off连用)；识字Reading aloud is sometimes easy for us to remember something.大声朗读有时有助于我们记忆。2)看懂I can read French but I cant speak it.我能看懂法文，但不会说。3)写着；写成是The sign reads“No admittance告示牌上写着“禁止入内。4)猜测；揣摩I dont really read his thoughts at present.目前我真的猜不透他的想法。知识拓展read on 接着读read sth
2、.out(尤指别人)大声读；朗读read up 研读read sth.over/through 认真通读；仔细核对read between the lines 领悟隐含的意义；看出言外之意即学即用Theres a sign beside the road,_“No admittanceAwhich is read Bas is readCwhich reads Das read答案：C2vary vi.变化；变更；违反Prices vary with the seasons.物价随季节而变动。知识拓展1)vary的过去式和过去分词是varied。2)同根词：variety n.变化；多变(化)
3、；various adj.不同种类的；各种各样的3)与vary有关的固定句型：vary in sth.在方面不同(有差异)vary with sth.随着变化vary from.to.从到变化链接：varied adj.可变的；易变的various adj.不同的；许多的提示：a variety of与varieties of意思相同，用法也相同，既可修饰不可数名词，又可修饰可数名词的复数。即学即用He often has_reasons for being late.Aa plenty of Ba variety ofCa great deal of Da large amount of答案
4、：B3formal adj.形式上的；正式的She has a very formal manner.她举止端庄。知识拓展1)反义词：informal adj.非正式的；不讲究形式的2)注意formal在不同语境中的不同意思：a formal dinner/dance/meeting 正式的晚餐/舞会/会议formal dress 礼服a formal declaration of war 正式宣战4trust vt.1)信任；信赖You might trust her to do the work.你或许可以放心地托付她做这项工作。2)希望；期望You cant trust the buse
5、s to start on time.你不能指望公共汽车准时出发。3)托付；托交；把委托给某人；常用于结构：I cant trust her with my car.I cant trust my car to her.我不能托她保管我的车。知识拓展have trust in 对信任put no trust in 对不信任trusty adj.可信任的；可依赖的I have no trust in him.我不信任他。即学即用I believe what he said,but I dont_him.Atrust BbelieveCbelieve on Dtrust in答案：A5deal n
6、.1)大量；很多They spent a great deal of money.他们花了大量的钱。2)协议；指交易We did a deal with the management on overtime.我们与资方在加班问题上达成了一项协议。v.(dealt,dealt)1)(与with连用)对付；应付；解决；处理；涉及；关于How would you deal with an armed burglar?遇到持有武器的盗贼，你将如何对付？This book deals with the ancient history of China.这本书讨论中国古代史。2)(与with连用)与有贸易
7、往来；与做买卖Ive dealt with this shop for 20 years.我同这家商店做生意已经有20年了。知识拓展a good deal 许多call it a deal 俚就这样决定；一言为定do/make a deal(with)(与)做成一笔交易；(与)达成协议Thats a deal.就这么办，一言为定。辨析：deal with与do with1)deal with表示“处理；对待(人或事)，常与how连用；作“与交易讲时，不可用于被动语态。He knows well how to deal with children.他很了解如何与孩子相处。2)do with表示“
8、处理；对待，多与what连用。The new teacher didnt know what to do with the class.那位新老师不知应该如何对待班里的学生。高考直击(2021重庆)With the world changing fast,we have something new_with all by ourselves every day.Adeal BdealtCto deal Ddealing解析：考查非谓语动词。因为逻辑上to deal和主语为主谓关系，因此本句用不定式作定语修饰something new。答案：C即学即用汉译英(1)他已学会恰当地应对各种复杂的局面
9、。_(2)我认为这个问题应尽快处理。_(3)这本书讨论中国古代的历史。_(4)我们和那家商店已经来往十年了。_答案：(1)He has learnt how to deal with varieties of compliated situations.(2)I think this problem should be dealt with quickly.(3)This book deals with the ancient history of China.(4)We have dealt with that store for ten years.6involve vt.1)牵涉；拖累T
10、here was a serious incident involving a group of youths.有一起严重的事件涉及一群年轻人。2)包括；涉及；需要The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.考试将包括答复一些关于一张照片的问题。3)(involve sb.in sth./in doing sth.)使参加；参加Parents should involve themselves in their childrens education.父母应当参与孩子的教育。知识拓展1)(构)involved adj
11、.有牵连的involvement n.参与；参加；插手2)get/be/become involved in 包含在；与有关；被卷入；专心地(做)involve sb.in sth.把某人卷入某事之中be involved with 涉及；关注即学即用(2021山 东 省 实 验 中 学 模 拟)Several officials_the matter.Ainvolved Binvolved inCwere involved in Dwere involved to答案：C7spread vt.1)使伸展；使延伸I spread my arms as far apart as I could.
12、我尽可能地将双臂伸展开。2)张开；展开；摊开Mom spread a new tablecloth on the table.妈妈在桌上铺了一块新桌布。3)撒；散布；传播；普及She was told not to spread this secret around.她被告知不要把这个秘密传出去。vi.1)伸展；延伸；延长(out)A wide stretch of land spreads in front of us.我们面前是一片广阔的土地。2)传开；蔓延The fire spread from the factory to the warehouse nearby.火从工厂蔓延到了附近
13、的仓库。提示：spread表示“(消息、谣言、知识等的)传播时，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。知识拓展spread out 张开；伸开；铺开；扩大(张)；展开；伸长spread over 遍布；覆盖spread to 传到；涉及；蔓延到spread with 在上面涂抹即学即用The young man_his wet clothes on the grass to dry them in the sun.Ahung BopenedCspread Dsettled答案：C8conscious adj.有意识的；有知觉的；了解的；觉察的He is hurt but still consciou
14、s.他受了伤，不过仍然神志清醒。She was not conscious of his presence in the room.她不晓得他在房间里。知识拓展1)be conscious of 意识到；觉察到be conscious that 意识到；觉察到2)consciously adv.有意识地；自觉地consciousness n.意识；知觉辨析：conscious与aware1)conscious表示内心所意识到的感觉。One may be conscious of fear,but not altogether aware of the danger which is going
15、 on about one.人们可能会心感恐惧，但并不能全然觉察到周围将发生什么危险。One must be conscious of ones shortcomings.人要有自知之明。2)aware指感官上的知觉。Im quite aware of how you feel.我很理解你的感觉。即学即用I was not_that I had cut myself until I saw the blood all over my hand.Aknow BawakeCdisturbed Dconscious答案：D1think of 考虑；思考We are thinking of going
16、 to France.我们考虑到法国去。I think of it as impossible.我认为这是不可能的。What do you think of it?你认为这件事怎么样？知识拓展think better of sb.对某人有更高的评价think highly of 看重；器重think well of 认为好think little of 看轻；看不起think poorly of 不放在眼里；轻视think nothing of 轻视；认为无所谓；认为没什么了不起即学即用完成句子Im thinking_where to spend my holiday.答案：about2on
17、guard 警觉on名词构成的词组，此处on表示处于某种状态或某个方位。on board乘(船，飞机)，on call听候召唤，on duty值班，on fire着火，on foot步行，on guard在岗，on holiday 度假，on leave 休假，on sale 待售，on shore 在岸上，on time 准时，on the move 在进行中，on the other hand 另一方面，on the spot 当场，on the tip of ones tongue 快要说出口，on top of 在的顶部，on watch 值班即学即用单句改错We are on a g
18、uard until we feel safe._答案：去掉a3in respect 尊敬地He took off his hat and bowed to the queen in respect.他摘下帽子向王后尊敬地鞠了一躬。知识拓展1)“in抽象名词结构表示某种状态或方式，经常在句子中作状语。如：in surprise/silence/astonishment/excitement/anger 吃惊/默默/大吃一惊/兴奋/生气地2)have/show respect for 对表示尊敬send/give ones respect to.向致候give ones respects to.
19、代某人向问好Give my respects to your wife.请代我向你太太问好。链接：respectable adj.相当好的；值得尊敬的；高尚的；体面的respective adj.分别的；各自的respectful adj.恭敬的；尊敬的respecting prep.关于即学即用The two friends said goodbye and went to their_homes.Asingle Beach Cevery Drespective答案：D4hold up1)承受住；支撑住Shes holding up well under the pressure.她承受住了
20、压力。2)举起；抬起The boy held up his right hand to ask a question.男孩举起右手想问一个问题。3)延迟；阻碍An accident is holding up traffic.一场事故造成了交通阻塞。知识拓展hold back 保存；抑制；自制hold off 延迟；推迟；克服hold out 维持；坚持hold the line 别挂断 lose hold of 放弃take/catch/get hold of sb./sth.抓住；拿着hold on 抓住不放；依附；继续做某事；坚持；稍等(尤指不挂断 以等待想找的人)高考直击(2021福建
21、)_a moment and I will go to your rescue.AGo on BHold onCMove on DCarry on解析：此题考查了动词短语的辨析。句意为“坚持一会儿我马上救你。hold on表示“稍等；(在困难中)坚持；别挂 ；go on表示“继续；move on表示“成长；改善；carry on表示“继续做。答案：B即学即用Its pity that the building of the new road has been_by bad weather.Aheld out Bheld onCheld to Dheld up答案：D5give away 送掉；
22、赠予；分发；错失(良机)；(不经意间)泄露秘密；背叛We have invited a famous former students to give away the school prize.我们已邀请一位知名的校友来颁发奖品。知识拓展give in 屈服；让步give back 归还；报复give up 放弃；停止；献出give off 发出give out 散发；颁发；宣布；用完高考直击(2007福 建)The news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was_on the radio yesterday.Aturned ou
23、t Bfound outCgiven out Dcarried out解析：此题考查动词短语意义辨析，turn out“结果是；证明是；find out“查明；发现；了解；give out“分发；筋皮力尽；(消息等)发布；发表；carry out“执行；实施。由句意“市长要来我们学校参观的消息昨天在收音机上公布了。可知应选give out。答案：C即学即用(2021江苏启东模拟)He took pity on the people in the flooded areas and_his clothes and quilts to them.Agave away Bgave inCgave o
24、ut Dgave up答案：A1When in Rome,Do as the Romans Do.入乡随俗。1)asin the way that，作“像；按照解，引导方式状语从句。Remember,you must do everything as I do.记住，你们必须按我所做的去做。2)When in RomeWhen you are in Rome知识拓展在有些时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，如果谓语包含有系动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致或主语是it，常可省略从句的主语和谓语的一局部(特别是系动词be)。这些省略的时间、条件、让步状语从句常由 when,while,once,befo
25、re,till/until,whenever,if,unless,though引导。She is shy and doesnt speak until(she is)spoken to.她很腼腆，你假设不跟她说话她是不会开口的。Come and give me a hand if(it is)possible.可能的话请来帮我个忙。You can read it once again more slowly,using a dictionary when necessary.你可以慢一点再读一遍，必要时可以查查字典。Though(he was)tired,he went on practisi
26、ng it.虽然很疲劳，可他仍继续练习。高考直击(2021湖南)Every evening after dinner,if not _ from work,I will spend some time walking my dog.Abeing tired BtiringCtired Dto be tired解析：此题考查动词的过去分词用法。此处tired是过去分词，相当于if I am not tired from work；句意为：假设非工作劳累，每天晚饭后，我都会花时间去遛狗。答案：C即学即用Careful surveys have pointed out that as many as
27、 50%of the patients dont take drugs_directed.Alike BsoCwhich Das答案：D2Although these are very important,we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.虽然单词与句子十分重要，但我们并不只是用口语和书面语进行交流。该句型是although引导的让步状语从句。Though/Although the boy came back to life,yet he remained weak.虽然那男孩已苏醒过来，但是他的身体还是很虚
28、弱。Though/Although I liked the appearance of the house,what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful view through the window.虽然我喜欢这座房子的外貌，但是真正促使我买下它的是从窗户往外可以看到美丽的景色。注意：though/although不能与but同时使用，但是可以与yet，still这些词使用。Though they may not succeed,yet they will still try.尽管他们可能不会成功，但是他们仍会努力尝试。知识拓展
29、1)though除作连词外，还可作副词，一般放在句末，前面用逗号隔开。Ive a bit of headache.Its nothing serious,though.我有点头痛，不过并不厉害。2)though还可与even连用，也可换成even if。Ill go to see you this evening even though I can stay only a few minutes.今晚我一定去看你，即使我只能呆一会儿。辨析：although,thought与as三者都可以引导让步状语从句，但有如下区别：1)although置于句首，不用倒装语序。2)though引导的从句可置于
30、句首，也可在句末。3)as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装语序。Child as he is,he knows a lot.尽管他是个孩子，他却懂得很多。高考直击(1)(2007辽宁)We had to wait half an hour_we had already booked a table.Asince BalthoughCuntil Dbefore解析：句意为“尽管我们已经预定了饭桌，但我们不得不等上半个小时。although“尽管，引导让步状语从句。答案：B(2)(2021湖南)_ the police thought he was the most likely one,since
31、 they had no exact proof about it,they could not arrest him.AAlthough BAs long asCIf only DAs soon as解析：此题考查连词的用法。Although在此引导让步性状语从句，与后文主句局部构成转折关系。句意为：虽然警察认为他是最有可能的嫌疑人，但是并没有直接证据，因而不能拘捕他。答案：A即学即用_，he ate nothing.AHungry as he isBHungry although he wasCHungry though he wasDAs he was hungry答案：C3Indeed
32、,body positions are part of what we call“body language事实上，身体姿势就是我们称为“身势语的一局部。what在这里是代词，有双重作用，既引导宾语从句又在宾语从句中作call的宾语，与body language一起构成复合宾语。知识拓展what用作连接代词，此时，what表示“所的(事)或所的(人)，相当于“the thing(s)that.;all that.;everything that.;the person that.等，可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句(不可引导同位语从句)；它本身在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。Leave it
33、with me and Ill see what I can do.把它留给我，我看看该怎么办。(what引导宾语从句，并作do的宾语)What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.他在会上说的话使在座的每个人都很吃惊。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语)What is the most important in life isnt money.生活中最重要的不是钱。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)He is not what he used to be.他已不是从前的他了。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作
34、表语)辨析：what与thatwhat作代词相当于all that,everything that,the place that,the person等，不能引导定语从句。that引导定语从句。He did all(that)he could to help his mother.他尽可能地帮他母亲。All(that)we need is a lot of time.我们所需要的是充足的时间。高考直击(1)(2021天津卷，14)As a new graduate，he doesnt know_it takes to start a business here.Ahow BwhatCwhen
35、Dwhich解析：句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道创业需要什么。it take sth.to do sth.花费干某事。此题考查宾语从句，且从句中缺少take的宾语，故用what。答案：B(2)(2021北京卷，31)I want to be liked and loved for_I am inside.Awho BwhereCwhat Dhow解析：句意：我想叫人们因为我的内在本质而喜欢我爱我。此题考查宾语从句的用法。what 此处表示“的内容/事情，相当于“the thing that。答案：C(3)(2021北京卷，33)_some people regard as a drawbac
36、k is seen as a plus by many others.AWhether BWhatCThat DHow解析：句意：一些人认为是缺陷的东西在另一些人眼里却是长处。此题考查主语从句的用法。what 此处表示“的东西/事物，相当于“the thing(s)that，引导主语从句，在主语从句中作regared 的宾语。答案：B(4)(2021福 建 卷，35)We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _we have here and treat food nicely.Athat BwhichCwh
37、at Dwhether解析：考查名词性从句。第一个have是及物动词，需加宾语；第二个have也缺少宾语，因此用what引导宾语从句，同时也在从句中作宾语，what相当于anything that。答案：C即学即用_made the school proud was_more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.AWhat;because BWhat;thatCThat;what DThat;because答案：B4So every culture has developed a formal way to
38、 greet strangers,to show them we are not aggressive.所以每一种文化都有了一种正规的方式来迎接陌生人，向他们说明我们并没有敌意。1)句中to greet strangers是动词不定式作定语，修饰way。2)way n方式；手法；方法；可用于way to do sth.或way of doing sth.结构中。另外，way作先行词时，定语从句的关系词有三种形式，即that,in which或省略关系代词。This is the best way to solve the problem.这是解决问题的最正确途径。I dont like the way(that/in which)he behaves.我不喜欢他的行为举止。即学即用Can you tell me the way you think of_the problem?Aworking out Bto work outCwork out Dto work答案：B