《初中英语常见习惯用语经典例题50道讲解2724.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语常见习惯用语经典例题50道讲解2724.pdf（10页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、第 1 页 共 10 页 初中英语 常见习惯用语经典例题 50 道讲解 由于英语国家的语言习惯与中国的语言习惯有许多不同之处，所以造成了许多同学在做选择或书写，或与人交谈中造成误用中国方式来对英语的问句作解答。例如一个小女孩十分好看，可爱，外国人见到时会讲：You are so beautiful?这时的答语应该是 Thank you?如果外国人发现你的英语不错，他们会讲：Your English is very good?这时中国人常常会说：不，我说的不好。这纯是一种礼貌的答语，但是不符合英语习惯。它正确的答语应是 Thank you?虽然交际英语有一些规律可讲，但更重要的是学习外国的生活习
2、惯，了解他们的文化背景，历史渊源，这样才能真正的学好一门外语。?（二）正误辨析 误-What can I do for you?-Yes，please help me 正-What can I do for you?-Id like to buy a sweater.析 What can I do for you?这一问语实际上用于的情景很多，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：您想要点什么?在其他场合也可以被译为：我能为您做些什么?它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。误-Which colour do you like?-Sorry，I dont like.正-Which
3、 colour do you like?-I prefer blue.析 由 which 来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择，而不能泛指，泛泛的回答。如 Yes，I like it.误 Do you like to come with us tonight?正 Would you like to come with us tonight?析 Do you like 问的是对方的习惯，如：Do you like swimming?Do you like collecting stamps?而 would you like 则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请的英语表达法还有如下几种：.Shall we go
4、?我们走吧!.Lets go?让我们走吧!.How about having a cup of tea?喝杯茶如何?What about a cup of coffee?喝杯咖啡如何?Why not buy it?为什么不买呢?其肯定答语一般为 Certainly，Yes，O All right，With pleasure?误 Sorry，Ive kept you waiting.Not at all.正 Sorry，Ive kept you waiting.Never mind.析 介意不介意这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如：.-Do you mind my smoking here?.
5、-Yes，do it please?.No，of course not.Yes，take it please.No，you cant take it?.这时正确的选择应是 B。其意为：不介意，当然不。而 A 选项则自相矛盾了，它应译为：是的我介意，请抽吧。而 D 选项是：不介意，你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时，可以有以下问法：Do you mind if I open the door?Would you mind mailing the letter for me?其答语如果是同意应为：Certainly not，not at all?第 2 页 共 10 页 而不同意时应为 Yes，或 Im
6、 sorry?误 Whats that man?He is Mike.正 Whats that man?He is a teacher?正 Whos that man?He is Mike(He is Mikes father)析 由 what 提问是问的职业，由 who 提问问的是姓名或身份。误-How much are they?-Half a kilo，please?正-How many bananas do you want?Half a kilo?Please?析 How much are they?问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。误 Im sorry，but is this the
7、 way to the park?正 Excuse me，but is this the way to the park?析 Im sorry 是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而 Excuse me?是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。误-Have a good time tonight!-You are the same.正-Have a good time tonight!-The same to you.析 The same to you 是表达我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚，它是美语中的习惯用法。误-Whats the problem?-Ive got a headache.正 Whats
8、wrong with you?Ive got a headache.析 Whats wrong with you?是询问对方身体状态如何，而 Whats the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。误-Now，Im back?Can I play?-Perhaps?Youd better do your homework first?正-Now，Im back?Can I play?-Im afraid not?Youd better do your homework first?析 Perhaps 是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如：Am I right?Perhaps?而 Im afr
9、aid not?则表达一种不同意的态度。be afraid 的几种用法有：Im afraid that you are right?其后直接加宾语从句。-Will you come to my birthday party?-Im afraid not?I have to go to see my father?He is in hospital?其后not，表示否定。-Sorry，I dont want to go there alone，Im afraid of the dog?其后名词，表示对某人，某物的害怕。?Mary is afraid of making mistakes in t
10、he exam.其后 of 动名词，表示害怕做某事。Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didnt do well in the exam?其后 不定式，表示不敢去做某事。误-How soon will you be ready?-Two days.正-How soon will you be ready?第 3 页 共 10 页 -In two days.析 此题关键是要根据情景，身临其境，要注意的是对方问了什么，就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。How soon 问的是还有多久才能作完，这时要用 in two days，即在两小时之内
11、即可以作完。如用 How long 提问，则答语可以用 two days。误-Would you mind if I have some time off?-I dont mind.-Monday and Tuesday of next week?正-Would you mind if I have some time off?-When exactly?-Monday and Tuesday of next week.析 有的对话是复杂的，稍有不慎就有可能选错，而且英语中如选错了答案是不容易找出错来的。I dont mind 是可以用来回答 Would you mind这一提问的，但如仔细看
12、一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用 when exactly?什么时间，这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。误 Suppose your name is Tom?The phone rings and you pick it up?The first word you say will probably be Who are you?正 Suppose your name is Tom?The phone rings and you pick it up?The first word you say will probably be Hello!This
13、is Tom speaking?析 在英语学习中，习惯用法实际上在某种情况，或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析，它们可能都是对的。比如，当你拿起电话时，如果你想知道对方是谁，可以问Whos that(speaking)?但不要讲Who are you?如果你想先介绍一下自己可以讲This is speaking而不要讲Im 也不要讲My name is 就语法而论，Who are you?Im?My name is?并不错，也是英语中可用的句子，但就打电话这一场合，就不宜用了。误-Do you think its going to rain over the weeken
14、d?-I dont hope so.正-Do you think its going to rain over the weekend?-I hope not.析 由于初学者对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语不熟悉，如在肯定答语中 I think so?I hope so?I believe so?是相同的，但在否定句中却常用 I dont think so?但 I dont believe so?和 I dont hope so?则意为：我不信此事和我不希望此事发生。而 I believe not?和 I hope not?则为：我想可能不会发生吧!误-Is anybody there?-N
15、o，Bob and Tom have asked for leave.正-Is everybody there?-No，Bob and Tom have asked for leave.析 许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在前，而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥疑问句中的不定代词，用 anybody。但是 Is anybody there?在英语中为：这里有人吗?而 Is everybody there?为：全都到齐了吗?所以首先要考虑的是其答语。No，Bob and Tom have asked for leave?误-Your handwriting is very good!-N
16、o，my handwriting is very poor.正-Your handwriting is very good.-Thank you!析 中国人遇到别人称赞，总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时，就应说：Thank you?又比如中国人见面时常讲 Where are you going 或 Have you had your breakfast yet 而英美人则认为你过多的干预别人的私生活了。而他们见面时往往问一些无关紧要的话，如：Hello!How are you going?(你过得怎样)Morning!等。而 good morning
17、和 How do you do 则被第 4 页 共 10 页 认为是较正规的问候语，在日常生活中则十分少见。误 When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say：Excuse me?Ill go first?正 When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say：Excuse me?I have to go?析 这两句答语都是正确的，其关键不是语法，而是习惯问题。如果在这样的场合你讲
18、 Ill go first?朋友们会迷惑不解，而 I have to go 则表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要离去，而你本人则十分不愿做此事。误-Would you like to come to dinner tonight?-Id like to，and Im too busy.正-Would you like to come to dinner tonight?-Id like to，but Im too busy.析 Im too busy 与 Id like to 在意义上正好相反。所以要用转折连词。这里考查了对词义合乎逻辑的表达能力。所以要强调语言环境，更要强调在语言的基础上的词
19、语辨析。误-Wheres Deter?-Deter will come with us tonight but he isnt very sure yet?正-Wheres Deter?-Deter may come with us tonight but he isnt very sure yet.析 由于 but 所引出的句子可以看出 Deter 的来与不来是十分不确定的，所以应用 may 来表达一个不肯定的事件。?误-Hi，havent seen you for ages!You look fine!?-Great?You look well too?正-Hi，havent seen y
20、ou for ages!You look fine!-Thanks?You look well too?析 要注意的是 Great 在口语中多表示惊叹，而 Thanks 则表示感谢对方的称赞。?所以对情景谈话要有准确的判定，要根据情景，身临其境，上下对照，周密思考，弄清场合，注意英美人的风俗习惯，注重语义上的词语辨析，并要进行大量的语言实践练习，扩大实际交际能力。（三）例题解析 1?-Would you like to have some rice?-A Yes，I like B Yes，please C of course D Yes，I have 答案 B.析 当对方对你发出邀请的问语时，
21、如果你想接受则讲 Yes，please?如不想接受则用 No，thanks 2 -Nice to see you?-A Good morning B Happy to meet you，too C Nice to see you，too D Pleased to meet you，too 答案 C.析 虽然 A、B、D 三个选项都可以作为某种问候语的答语，但英语中问候语的答语多用重复对方的话，以表达同样的心情。3 -Would you please give me some water?-A Yes，I would B Certainly C No，thanks D Yes，please 答案
22、 B.析 当对方发出十分礼貌的请求帮助的问语时，一般的回答是肯定的。而 Yes，please?为是的，您请做某事吧。这一含意显然不对。4 -Thank you very much for helping me?-第 5 页 共 10 页 A Youre welcome B It doesnt matter C No need D Dont say that 答案 A.析 Youre welcome 译为中文为：不用谢。而 It doesnt matter 则为：没关系。5 -Hello，Lucy?How are you?-And you?A Fine，thanks B Yes，I am C G
23、lad to meet you D Good afternoon 答案 A.析 在正常交往中一定要避免所问非所答。所以对 How are you?的答语应为很好，谢谢!?6?-Help yourself to some meat?-.A It sounds nice B Yes，please C Yes，Lets help each other D Thank you 答案 D.析 Help yourself to some meat 你自己拿些肉吃吧。其意为主人劝客人不要客气，像在家里一样。7 -Oh，I am not feeling well?Ive got a cold.-?A Fine
24、，How are you?B Never mind?Take care?C Well，I m sure to get weel soon D Im sorry to hear that?答案 D.析 这是美国、英国的习惯用语，而 B、C 则是中国人常讲的答语。8 -Meimei you speak English very well?-A No，I dont think so B Thank you very much C Not good enough D Thats all right 答案 B.9 -Kate，could you answer the telephone，please?-
25、,Mum.Ill get it A Yes，I could B No，thanks C OK D Yes，but I have no time 答案 C.析 要注意 could 用于口语中是为了讲话的口气委婉，但它不是过去时态，也不是助动词，而应看作情态动词。所以在答语中则不应这样用。10 -Could you look after Polly for me while were away?-.A No，thanks B With pleasure C Im not afraid D Im sure you will 答案 B.析 With pleasure 是英语中的一句十分客气的答语，用在
26、当对方因你的帮助或你的许诺向你道谢时，表达自己十分乐意为对方效力的口气。?11?-Hello!Could I speak to the headmaster，please?-?A Hold on，please B Thats the headmaster，please C Who are you?please D Sorry?Im not the headmaster 答案 A.析 hold on，please 是指请对方等一等不要将电话放下的用语。如果要讲我就是的话不能用 第 6 页 共 10 页 that，而要用 this，在电话用语中 that 指对方，this 指自己。12?-Happ
27、y birthday!-.A Thank you B The same to you C Good luck D Congratulations 答案 A.析 the same to you 是同样祝贺对方的意思，不能用于生日这一祝贺语，除非两人的生日在同一天。13?-Im sorry I dont know the way，either?Youd better ask that policeman for help?-.A Good night B Thats nothing C Very well D Thank you all the same 答案 D.析 当向对方求助时，对方无能为力
28、，这时的感谢语则为 Thank you all the same?意为不管如何还是要谢谢你。14 -I fell and hurt my leg last week，So I cant do anything.-A Im sorry B Dont worry C Good luck D Bad luck 答案 D.析 如果用 A 则要用 Im sorry to hear that 而不能单用 Im sorry 因 Im sorry 是向对方道歉。而 bad luck 为真是不幸啊。15 -?-I have got a cough.A Whats your trouble B What have
29、 you got C Why did you come here D Have you got a cough 答案 A.析 Whats your trouble?多用于问对方有什么问题、麻烦或得了什么病。这种用语还有 Whats wrong with you?16 -Would you like to go shopping with me?-.A Yes，Id love to B Thats right C Yes，please D Quite well 答案 A.析 表示愿意作某事应讲：Id love to.Id like to.17?-Whats the weather like to
30、day!-.A Its nice for a walk B I like autumn best of all C It will be fine tomorrow D Its rather cold today 答案 D.析 本题要注意问的是什么，不要所问非所答。因问题是今天的天气怎样，所以只能选 D 18 -Is Jane in，please!I want to speak to her.-Sorry，she is out?Youd better A visit her in the office B call her later C see her this afternoon D sp
31、eak to her yourself 答案 B.第 7 页 共 10 页 析 call her later 晚些时候再来电话。19?-?-Very well，thank you，and you?A How do you do?B Good morning?C How are you these days?D How do you like English?答案 C.析 本题是由答语来推断问话，所以应熟悉英语的问答习惯：How do you do?的答语应为 How do you do?20-How is your mother?-.A She is old B She is no bette
32、r than she was C She is kind?hearted D She is in her forties 答案 B.析 How is your mother?问的是你妈身体如何，而 B 选项则是她不比以前强。而其他三个选项则是所问非所答。21?-Thank you very much for your help.-A Youre welcome B Please dont C Theres no trouble D No，no 答案 A.22 Your uncle has taken you to the cinema?Afterwards you thank him?He s
33、ays A It was nothing B Im glad you enjoyed it C Dont say it D No，neednt 答案 B.析 这是英语的答语，千万不要选 A，因它是中文习惯的答语。23 -Thank you for your good present.-A Its not good B No，no C My pleasure D Never mind 答案 C.24 When someone did a good deed for you，you should say A.you are too good B.Its very kind of you C.you
34、 are very kind D.Ill thank you 答案 B.25 -I am very sorry?I am late for dinner.-A.No，you arent B.Thats all right C.Yes，you are D.No，you dont 答案 B.析 Thats all right 没关系。26 -Im sorry if I hurt you.-A Im sorry B Its not true C It doesnt matter D Dont say sorry 答案 C.27 -I should have gone to see the exhib
35、ition with you?-第 8 页 共 10 页 A Im sorry B What a pity C It doesnt matter to me D Thats terrible 答案 B.析 What a pity.真遗憾。第一句应为我真该和你一起去展览会。28?-Help yourself to some fish?-A You are very kind B Yes，Im helping myself.C Thank you D Yes，dont worry about me 答案 C.29?-Are you ready?-_ A Im very sorry B Try to
36、 be patient.C?Not yet，wait a minute D Do you have the time，please?答案 C.析 not yet 意为还没有完成。30?-Mum，I have passed the exam?-A?Thats all right B?Congratulations C?You are luck D?Good luck to you 答案 B.31 -I think I have to leave.I hope we can get together again?-A All right B Thats all right C OK D I hop
37、e so，too 答案 D.32 Must I wait till he comes back?A No，you neednt B No，you mustnt.C No，you may not D No，you cant 答案 A.析 must 提问表示必须这样做吗?而肯定句要用 must，表示必须做，而否定句则要用 neednt 表示没有必要做。33 -I pay you the house rent right away?-Yes，you have to do it.A Shall B Way C Must D Have 答案 C.34 -Dont you think this colou
38、r is too bright?-.A Yes，I agree B Yes，but I dont think so C Yes，of course not D Yes，whats wrong.答案 A.35 -It was cold yesterday.-A So was it B So it was C I believe not so D I believe not 答案 B.析 当答语只是重复对方讲的话时，则不用倒装。因 so it was 即为：是的，天气昨天很冷。而当讲前面讲的动作也适合于另一个人时，则要倒装。如：I went to the cinema yesterday?So d
39、id I?表示第 9 页 共 10 页 对方去了电影院，我也去了。36?-What do you think of the song?-A I like music very much B I like it too C With pleasure D It sounds sweet 答案 D.析 sound 在这里是系动词，为听起来很甜美。系动词后要用形容词，而不要用被动语态。?37 Do you like tea or coffee?A Yes，I do B Thank you C Thats fine D Either will do 答案 D.析 either will do?为两者哪
40、个都可以。38 I like your sweater very much?A No，its ugly B Sorry C Thank you D Youre welcome 答案 C.析 这是英美语言的习惯。39 He likes travelling by train,A So do I B I dos C I like so D I like it，neither 答案 A.40?-How do you like your school?-A I like it very much B Its very beautiful C I doesnt like it D Very well 答
41、案 B.析 How do you like 是问你们学校是怎样值得你热爱的。也就是为什么你热爱你的学校。?41 What a nice day!?A Youre right B No，isnt it?C Yes，isnt it?D Really?答案 C.析 Yes，isnt it?是的，难道不是个好天气吗?42 -Hello，?-This is Della speaking?A Who are you B Are you Tom?C Who is that D Please tell me who are you 答案 C.析 电话用语中 that 指对方，而 this 指自己。43 -Wh
42、ats he like?-A He likes English B He is old?C He is like a farmer D He is tall and this 答案 D.?析 要区分 Whats he like?如 What does he like?前者为：他长得什么样?而后者是：他喜欢什么。44 How did you do your job?Not very well，A Im sure B I am afraid 第 10 页 共 10 页 C Thank you D Im sorry 答案 B.析 I am afraid 我恐怕是，我想是。?45?-your aunt
43、?-She is a principal of a middle school?A What does B Where does C What is D Whom is 答案 C.46 -?-He is my boss?A Whats the man?B Who is the man?C How is the man?D What does the man do?答案 B.47?-May I have your name?-A No，no B Youre polite C Call me John D Its kind of you 答案 C.48?-Shall I make coffee f
44、or you?-A Yes，thank you B No，dont trouble C Dont trouble this，thank you D No，dont make it 答案 A.49 -Could you show me the way to Mr?Buowns office?-A Not at all B Im sure C All right D I can do it 答案 C.50 -Shall we go swimming tomorrow afternoon?-A Its very kind of you B You are so thoughtful.C Thats a good idea D Yes，well go 答案 C.