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1、 In a time of rapid change it is essential that we remember how much of the old we cling to.In a time of quick transformation it is necessary for us to remember how many of the old ways we still adhere to.Para.1They belong to churches,even though they attend somewhat less frequently,and they want th
2、eir children to have religious instruction.They believe in Christianity and are the members of the Christian churches,even though they attend religious services a bit less often,and they want their children to receive religious instruction.InwhatwaysareAmericansgenerous?They are always ready to pay
3、taxes for education,and they generously support institutions like hospitals,museums and libraries.VSconservativekns:vtivopposed to great or sudden changeShe is conservative in the way she dresses.她在衣著上很保守她在衣著上很保守.theSenate:theupperhouseofthelaw-makingassemblyinsomecountries,e.g.France,theUSA,andAust
4、raliatheHouseofRepresentatives:theassemblyofelectedrepresentativesinthecentralgovernmentoftheUSA,AustraliaandNewZealande.g.TheSenate andtheHouse of Representatives makelawsanddecisions.Afterthe1980election,whatistheinfluenceonAmericans?1960年2月到1961年2月美国发生了战后的第四次经济衰退。工业生产下降8.6，失业率为7%左右。1969年10月到1970年
5、11月美国发生了战后的第五次经济衰退。70年代末期，美国经济出现了前所未有的滞胀，也就是通胀率与失业率同时居高,凯恩斯主义经济学家束手无策.1980Aspresident,Reaganimplementedsweepingnewpoliticalandeconomicinitiatives.Hissupply-sideeconomicpolicies,dubbedReaganomics,advocatedreducingtaxratestospureconomicgrowth,controllingthemoneysupplytoreduceinflation,deregulationofth
6、eeconomy,andreducinggovernmentspending.主张实行自由企业制度，削减政府开支，平衡预算。在对外政策上，他强调苏联对全球的威胁，主张要加强美国力量，“通过实力取得和平与安全”，因此他主张大幅度增加国防预算，建立美国军事力量的优势。It is as if our country spent the 1960s and 1970s jealously breaking out of old restraints and now wishes to put the brakes on,as cautious people often do after a binge
7、.It seems as though during the 1960s and 1970s we Americans made bold efforts to escape from old restrictions now intend to put an end to it,just as cautious people often do after excessive indulgence(放纵）.CompoundWordaffirm(V.)+ationaffirmation(n.)re+affirmation(n.)reaffirmationPara.3Withoutreservat
8、ion,Iapplaudthefreerpatternsoftoday,althoughIbelievethatitsbeingdifficultforsomefamiliestohandlethechanges.Whatdoesthe“changes”referto?courtshipn k:tip spendingtimetogetherwithaviewtomarriage;theperiodofromanticrelationshipbeforemarriagee.g.Theymarriedafterabriefcourtship.Theirlongcourtship endedinf
9、ailure.repression n.restrainingorsuppressing;Hischildhoodwascharacterizedbyrepression andsolitude.Theyheldadiscussionaboutunhealthysexualrepression.Puritanismn.practicesandbeliefsofaPuritan,apersonwhoisextremelystrictinmoralsandwhotendstoregardpleasureassinfule.g.PuritansstrictlypracticePuritanism.P
10、ara 4Nowadays,thestatusofAmericanwomenischanging.Pleasefindoutsomeexamplesaboutthis.If you have a child,would you send him to private school or public school?WhatisthedifferencebetweenprivateschoolandpublicschoolinAmerica?differenceprivateschool publicschoolSourceoffundTaxpaymentfromstateHighertuiti
11、onfeefromstudentsAlumnidonationsTaxpaymentfromstatedisciplinestrictNotenforcesafesafeNosafetyAdmissionstandardHighstandarduniversalButIwoulddoubtthatthechildwouldgetanybettereducationthanIdidinmygoodpublicschool.Whatthesentenceimply?Thissentenceimpliesthattheauthorismorethancertainthatevenprivatesch
12、oolsinAmericatodaydonotprovideanybettereducationthanthegoodpublicschoolwherehereceivededucation.Inotherwords,theauthorbelievesthatevenprivateschoolsinAmericatodaycannotbecom-paredwithgoodpublicschoolsinthepastintermsoftheeducationqualitygeneralwelfarepayments,healthcarethroughMedicaid,foodstamps,spe
13、cialpaymentsforpregnantwomenandyoungmothers,andfederalandstatehousingbenefits.ThewelfaresystemintheUnitedStatesbeganinthe1930s,duringtheGreatDepression.AidcouldincludeAmericanisessentiallyacompassionatesociety.(para.6lastsentence)compassionate?compassionateadj.sympathetic;beingfilledwithpityinclinin
14、gonetohelpWhydosetheauthorsayso?Pleaseusetheexampleinthetexttoillustrateit.Dolesth.outGovernmentWelfarerecipient(economiccondition:destitution)distribute(esp.food,money,etc.)insmallamountsappalled(para.7L2):appallv.tomakesomeonefeelveryshockedandupsetappalled(para.7L2):adj.veryshockedandupsetbysomet
15、hingverybadorunpleasantappalled by/at appallingadj.InSwedenthecustomarywaitwas11yearsofmarriage,(para7,L5)customn.somethingthatisdonebypeopleinaparticularsocietybecauseitistraditionalcustomaryadj.somethingthatiscustomaryisnormalbecauseitisthewaysomethingisusuallydone=usualwaitforwhat？Well,thisdreadf
16、ulsocialsicknesshasnowovertakentheUnitedStates,andforthesamereasons.(para7,L7)Dreadfulsocialsickness?overtake-ifsomethingbad,especiallyafeeling,overtakesyou,ithappenstoyousuddenlyandhasastrongeffectonyouParaphrase?-Well,Americahasnowbeenseizedbythisterriblesocialillness,andforthesamereason“Thesamere
17、asons”referstowhat?Thebuildersinoursocietyfinditprofitabletoerectthree-bathroomhomesthatsellfor$220,000withamortgageat19percentbutfinditimpossibletoerectsmallhomesforyoungmarrieds.(para7L9)Mortgage?-alegalarrangementbywhichyouborrowmoneyfromabankorsimilarorganizationinordertobuyahouse,andpaybackthem
18、oneyoveraperiodofyearsWhatdosethissocialphenomenonimply?Foramajornationtoshow itself impotenttohouse its young peopleisadmitting a failurethatmustbecorrected.(para.7L11)Paraphrase?For a powerful nation its inability to provide housing for its young married couples isequivalent to acknowledge a failu
19、rethatmustbeputright.Impotent:potentimpotentPara.8Whatdoesthethoseofanynationreferto?para8)Sweden,Demark,RussiaandIndiawhatdoestheauthorthinkabouttheprospectsofAmerica?why?They have a physical setting of remarkable integrity,the worlds best agriculture,a splendid wealth of minerals,great rivers for
20、irrigation and an unsurpassed system of roads for transportation.They also have a magnificent mixture of people.of government.Unsurpassedsur-aboveorbeyondSurpass-dosomethingtoagreaterdegreeun-notunsurpassed-cannotbeexceededWe have a physical setting of remarkable integrity,the worlds best agricultur
21、e,a splendid wealth of minerals,great rivers for irrigation and an unsurpassed system of roads for transportation.We enjoy a wonderful undivided land,the worlds best agriculture,a great variety of valuable minerals,great rivers for irrigation and a most effective,incomparable system of roads for tra
22、nsportation.WhatisbalancedsysteminAmerica?ItreferstothethreebranchesoftheUnitedStatesgovernment-thelegislative,theexecutiveandthejudicial.Parliamentarychange:GermanandBritainRevolutionarychange:FranceTheFrenchRevolutionbeganin1789withtheconvocationoftheEstates-GeneralinMay.WhatdoyouthinkarethemeritsthatweChinesepeoplecouldlearnfromAmericans?Thank you!