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1、英语四级讲座英语四级讲座阅读理解阅读理解四级阅读理解答题时间：15分钟（快速阅读理解）25分钟（仔细阅读理解）测试内容：快速阅读理解 词汇阅读理解 篇章阅读理解失分原因1精读的负面影响精读的负面影响.2.把阅读理解等同于翻译理解。把阅读理解等同于翻译理解。3.不良的阅读习惯。不良的阅读习惯。解题技巧（1）略读(Skimming)（2）利用“信号词”（signalwords)（3）寻读(Scanning)带着问题去寻找答案了解文章大意和中心内容判断重要和非重要信息标志词1最高级,唯一级标志词most/chief/primary/main/leading/only/unique/prefer/ev
2、ery/ofall/perfect/2因果,转折标志词cause/leadto/contributeto/thanksto/owingto/why/reasondespite/inspiteof/instead/although/notonlybutalso3.时间，序数词（first,second）/another/theother/next/last/inaddition/ontheotherhandwhen/now/today/as/before/after/since/then/until/4总结，强调标志词allinall/inbrief/toconclude/atlast/insu
3、mmary/inshortespecially/particularly/almost/always/usuallyYouaregiven5secondsforeachsentencev(1).Wecommunicatethroughsymbols,bothaudibleandvisible,thatstandforsomethingwehaveexperienced.(15words)v1:Whatarethetwokindsofsymbolswecommunicatethrough?v2:Whatdothesymbolsstandfor?v(2)Thedifferencebetweenli
4、belandslanderisthatlibelisprintedwhileslanderisspoken.(15words)v3:Whatarethetwothingsthatthesentencetalksabout?v4:Whatsthedifferencebetweenthem?v(3)Thekneeisthejointwherethethighbonemeetsthelargeboneofthelowerleg.(17words)v5:Whichpartofthebodydoesthesentencetalkabout?v6:Whereisitonabody?v(4)Thechief
5、foodseateninanycountrydependlargelyonwhatgrowsbestinitsclimateandsoil.(18words)v7:Whatdoesthesentencetalkabout?v8:Onwhatdothefoodseateninanycountrydependlargely?v(5)IntheeasternpartofNewJerseyliesthecityofElizabeth,amajorshippingandmanufacturingcenter.(18words)v9:WhatisElizabethinthissentence?v10:Wh
6、ereisshelocated?Youaregiven15sencondsforthefollowingpassagevThesiliconchipsare,ofcourse,microprocessors,minutebuthighlysophisticatedelectroniccircuitssuitedtoanalmostinfinitevarietyofapplications,fromthehumblepocketcalculatortothecontrolofentireautomatedfactoriesandwarehouses.(35words)v11.Whatdoesth
7、epassagetalkabout?A.siliconchipsB.silverchipsC.electronicdevicesD.noneoftheabove.v12.Whatisnotreferredtointhepassage?A.thehumblepocketcalculatorB.thecontrolofentireautomatedfactoriesandwarehousesC.themicroprocessorsD.thesiliconvalleyYouaregiven25secondsforthefollowingpassagevOnemorningmyteen-agedaug
8、htersencounteredastraydogin our neighborhood park.Whentheyleft,hefollowed.Concernedforhissafety,vTheynotedtheownersaddressonhislicensetagandtook him to his home.Nobodyansweredthedoor,sotheyranganeighborsbellandaskedwhenthedogsownerswouldreturn.Imnotsure,butprobablysoontheneighborreplied.They just we
9、nt to the park.(71words)v1.Wheredidthegirlsfindthedog?v2.Wheredidtheytakethedog?v3.Wheredidthedogsownersgo?词汇阅读理解12501015一篇阅读文章250词左右10道选词填空题提供15个词一一 测试目的测试目的二二 测试形式测试形式考查对上下文的理解和词汇的应用能力一般特点15个单词中：3个名词正确答案+1个名词干扰答案3个动词正确答案+1个动词干扰答案3个形容词正确答案+2个形容词干扰答案1个副词正确答案+1个副词干扰答案。1.熟知单词的词类和不同意思。2.要理解上下文，尤其是上文的理解
10、，要求比较高。3.必须熟知一些基本的语法知识。三三 测试要求测试要求四四 阅读步骤阅读步骤第一步：略读全文，定中心 第二步：详读选项，词分类第三步：瞻前顾后，灵活选第四步：复核检查，定结果五五 解题技巧解题技巧答题技巧一：词性分类 Scaleretailedgenerateextremetechnicallyaffordablesituationreallypotentialgapvoluntaryexcessiveinsultedpurchaseprimarily（2007年1月）retailedgenerateinsultedpurchaseextremeaffordablepotenti
11、alexcessivevoluntaryscalesituationgap副词technicallyprimarilyreally名词形容词动词答题技巧二：利用略读法略读全文 答题技巧三：瞻前顾后 理解文章的中心思想和逻辑关系1.确定空格为名词或动名词空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的空格处后面是动词的 空格处前面是介词的 举例：.thesejobs,a_thathaschangedthetargetmarketformanyproducts.(2007年1月)2.确定空格为动词空格处前面已经有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词 空格处前面是名词/代词，
12、后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词；空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配 Manycardealers_womenshoppersbyignoringthemor(2007年1月）Forexample,womennow_abouthalfofallcars.篇章阅读理解主旨题细节题推理题词汇题1、主旨题Whatsthebesttitleforthispassage?Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Theauthorspurposeofwritingthispassageisto_”Whatstheautho
13、rsattitudetoward.?(1)、主旨题表现形式(2)、主旨题解题方法找到文章主题句，或者是可以体现文章主题的句子或单词。如何找主题句或主题？1 重点关注文章的首段和首末句2 关注文章或一段中有没有重复出现的词或词组，有没有黑体字或斜体字3 问句一般不会是主题句，真正的主题句应该是这个问题的答案4关注转折关系的连词，如“but,yet,however,in fact,indeed,practically,virtually”,5 关注总结性的词，如 in brief,above,after all,to sum等6 如果含有show 和和 suggest,重点看其后的宾语从句重点看其
14、后的宾语从句7 掌握一些词组强调的重点，如”not only,but also,as well as,more than,less than Example:Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filled,painfreelifeequalshappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness,iffunandpleasureareequaltohappinessthenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue
15、:moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.Example:Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteors(流星）butalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.Theatmosphere.Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspace.Theunitofradiationiscalled（末句）Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradia
16、tion,butnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.Example:Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.IthasbeenInmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,IwasfedwellandhealthyTheinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation.Avastway.Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing-marketinghardwareand.T
17、hefridgeseffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.Ifyou.补充：在态度题中经常出现的单词表示褒义的词汇表示贬义的词汇PositiveoptimisticsupportingpraisingadmiringpleasantconcernedenthusiastichumoroussoberPositive（赞成的）optimistic（乐观的）supporting（支持的）praising（赞扬的）admiring（羡慕的）pleas
18、ant（愉快的）concerned（关心的）enthusiastic（热情的）humorous（幽默的）sober（冷静的）DisgustedcriticalnegativesuspicioustolerantworriedpessimisticbitterDepresseddisappointedironicsarcasticcynicalsentimentalangryDisgusted（厌恶的）critical（批评的）negative（否定的）suspicious（怀疑的）tolerant（容忍的）worried（担忧的）pessimistic（悲观的）bitter（痛苦的）Depre
19、ssed（沮丧的）disappointed（失望的）ironic（讽刺的）sarcastic（挖苦的）cynical（玩世不恭的）sentimental（感伤的）angry（气愤的）UninterestedimpassiveindifferentneutralsubjectiveobjectiveapatheticimpersonalInformativeimpartialcompromising表示中性的词汇Uninterested（不感兴趣的）impassive（不动感情的）indifferent（不关心的）neutral（中立的）subjective（主观的）objective（客观的）
20、apathetic（漠不关心的）impersonal（不带个人感情的）Informative（提供信息的）impartial（不偏袒的）compromising(折衷的）二细节题（1 1）表现形式）表现形式（2 2）解题方法）解题方法（3 3）注意点）注意点(1)(1)表现形式表现形式(2)解题方法先看题干，再看原文，带着题干个别的特有信息或者带着题干的中心话题在原文定位handball playerWhatdidthehandballplayerdowhenhewasnotallowedatimeouttochangehisgloves?（3）注意点要注意合理但不正确的选项要注意表示程度、范
21、围、频率等的副词或形容词“keepinconstanttouchwiththecomputercenter”（2002年1月）3、推理题(1)、表现形式对暗含意思推理下结论对各部分的内在联系和作者写作思路进行推理(2)、推理题解题方法1 推断作者的言外之意（考试比例较大）注意文中关键词，短语注意暗示推理题的答案肯定不能是照搬原文词句，往往用同义词进行修改2 推断某细节或整个段落排除与原文意思明显矛盾的或文中找不到依据的事实细节或观点5、词汇题 一是常用词语辨析，侧重于考查多义常用词在特定语境中的具体意思 二是生词，侧重于考查考生根据上下文推断生词意思的能力(1)、表现方式词语推断(2)、词汇题
22、解题方法Canwepaytoomuchattentiontodetails?Absolutely.Perfectionistsstruggleoverlittlethingsatthecostofsomethinglargertheyworktoward.“Tokeepfromlosingtheforestforthetrees”,saysCharlesGarfieldassociateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,“Wemustconstantlyaskourselveshowthedetailswereworkingon
23、fitintothelargerpicture.Iftheydontweshoulddropthemandmovetosomethingelse”.Theword“perfectionists”(Line2Para.3，)referstothosewhoA)demandotherstogeteverythingabsolutelyrightB)knowhowtoadjusttheirgoalsaccordingtothecircumstancesC)paytoomuchattentiontodetailsonlytolosetheirmajorobjectivesD)arecapableofachievingperfectresultsinwhatevertheydoThank you!