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1、1.rule(动词动词)_2.near(副词副词)_3.nation(形容词形容词)_4.偶然；意外地偶然；意外地_5.发生发生_6.毫无疑问；的确毫无疑问；的确_7.跌落跌落_一、按要求写出下列词汇或词组一、按要求写出下列词汇或词组takeplacenearlyrulenationalbyaccidentwithoutdoubtfallinto1._2._3._4._5._6._Thespecialcupisusedfordrinkingwine.Itsbelievedthathealthisabovewealth.Wemetatthetrainstationbyaccident.Imsor
2、rythatsuchanaccidenttookplace.Sheiswithoutdoubtveryhappynow.Theboyfellintowaterandhadtobepulledoutatonce.Checkthehomework.Tell something about how tea was invented by accident.OnedayShenNongwasboilingdrinkingwateroveranopenfire.Someleavesfromateaplantfellintothewaterandremainedthereforsometime.Itpro
3、ducedanicesmellsohetastedthebrownwater.Itwasquitedeliciousandoneoftheworldsfavoritedrinkwasinvented.LuYu“thesaintoftea”mentionedShenNonginhisbookChaJing.Thebookdescribeshowteaplantsweregrownandusedtomaketea.Italsodiscusseswherethefinesttealeaveswereproducedandwhatkindsofwaterwereused.Tell something
4、about Lu Yu and his Cha Jing.ItisbelievedthatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduring6thand7thcenturies.InEngland,teadidntappearuntilaround1660.TheteatradefromChinatoWesterncountriestookplaceinthe19thcentury.Tell something about how tea spread to other countries.根据课本内容，完成下列句子。根据课本内容，完成下列句子。1.拉链是什么时候被发明的？拉
5、链是什么时候被发明的？_thezipper_?2.它于它于1893年被发明。年被发明。It_in1893.wasinventedWhenwasinvented3.它是由谁发明的？它是由谁发明的？_itinvented_?4.它是由惠特科姆它是由惠特科姆贾贾得森得森发发明的。明的。It_WhitcombJudson.5.茶叶什么茶叶什么时时候被候被带带到朝到朝鲜鲜去的？去的？_tea_toKorea?6.是在六到七世是在六到七世纪纪之之间间被被带带到朝到朝鲜鲜。It_toKorea_the6thand7thcenturies.wasinventedbyWhenwasbroughtwasbroug
6、htduringWhowasby7.热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？What_thehotice-creamscoop_?8.它用来挖很冷的冰淇淋。它用来挖很冷的冰淇淋。Its_reallycoldice-cream.usedforservingisusedfor9.贝贝尔尔于于1876年年发发明了明了电话电话机。机。AlexanderGrahamBell_thetelephonein1876.10.电话电话机在机在1876年被年被贝贝尔尔所所发发明。明。Thetelephone_AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.inventedwasinventedby英语有两
7、种语态：英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。如：。如：Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.我们昨天打扫了教室。我们昨天打扫了教室。(主动语态，主语主动语态，主语we是是clean这一动作的执行这一动作的执行者者)Theclassroomwascleanedyesterday.教室昨天被打扫。教室昨天被打扫。(被动语态，主语被动语态，主语theclassroom是是clean这一这一动作的承受者动作的承受者)一、一般过去
8、时被动语态一、一般过去时被动语态一般过去时被动语态的结构为一般过去时被动语态的结构为“主语主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执动作的执行者行者).”。如：。如：Treeswereplantedlastspring.去年春天种了树。去年春天种了树。1.肯定句肯定句：主语主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分词词+其他其他.e.g.PaperwasinventedbyChinesepeopletwothousandyearsago.纸纸是中国人在二千多年前是中国人在二千多年前发发明的。明的。2.否定句：否定句：主语主语+was/weren
9、ot+及物动词的过及物动词的过去分词去分词+其他其他.e.g.Womenwerenotallowedtotakepartinthegamesatfirst.开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。e.g.Wasthispicturedrawnbyyoursister?这幅画这幅画是你妹妹是你妹妹画画的吗？的吗？3.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语主语+及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分词词+其他其他?二、被动语态的用法：二、被动语态的用法：1.不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者出谁是动作的执行者。e.g.Engli
10、shisspokenallovertheworld.全世界都在说英语。全世界都在说英语。2.需要突出或强调动作的承受者需要突出或强调动作的承受者。e.g.Thisdictionaryisusedbymoststudents.这本字典是大多数学生在用的。这本字典是大多数学生在用的。1.有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。e.g.Theyputoffthemeetingbecauseoftheweather.Themeetingwasputoffbecauseoftheweather.会议因天气的缘故被推迟了。会议
11、因天气的缘故被推迟了。三三、主动语态变被动语态主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题应注意的问题2.含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指指“人人”的间接宾语变为主语，指的间接宾语变为主语，指“物物”的的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物物”的直接的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或或for。e.g.Myauntgavemeane-dictionaryyesterday.Iwasgivenane-dictionaryyesterday.Ane-dictionarywasgiventomeyesterday
12、.3.主动句中感官动词主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词等和使役动词make/let/have等后等后跟省略跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号时应加上不定式符号to。e.g.Isawaheavymanenterthehouse.Aheavymanwasseentoenterthehouse.4.系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen,takeplace,cometrue,fallasleep）没有被动语态。）没有被动语态。e.g.WhathappenedtoMr.Brown?布
13、朗先生发生了什么事？布朗先生发生了什么事？将下列句子变为被动语态。将下列句子变为被动语态。1.Hechosesixstorybookstheotherday.Sixstorybooks_byhimtheotherday.2.UncleLeegaveJackalargecakeforhepaintedthewallwonderfully.Jack_alargecakeforhepaintedthewallwonderfully.wasgivenwerechosen3.Amouseatehalfofthecakelastnight.Halfofthecake_byamouselastnight.w
14、aseaten将下列句子变为主动语态。将下列句子变为主动语态。4.WerethesemachinesinventedbyEdison?_Edison_thesemachines?Didinvent5.ThepostcardwassenttoLindabyPaul.Paul_thepostcard_Linda.6.AmericawasdiscoveredbyColumbus.Columbus_America.senttodiscovered对划线部分提问对划线部分提问 7.Shoeswithlightswereusedforseeinginthedark._shoeswithlights_for
15、?8.PaperwasinventedinChinaalmostathousandyearsago._paper_inChina?usedWhatwereWhenwasinvented4aRewrite the sentences using the passive voice.点拨：原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓点拨：原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓语动词为语动词为sold，宾语为，宾语为thefridge；改为；改为被动语态时，应将被动语态时，应将thefridge作主语，谓作主语，谓语动词用语动词用wassold的形式。的形式。1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice._T
16、hefridgewassoldatalowprice.点拨：分析原句的句子结构可知，点拨：分析原句的句子结构可知，stole是是谓语动谓语动词，词，mycamera是句子的宾语；改是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将为被动语态句时，应将mycamera作句子作句子主语，谓语动词用主语，谓语动词用wasstolen的形式。的形式。2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom._Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?_4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogoouta
17、lone._5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages._ _Wherewerethesephotostaken?Wewereadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.1.You_tothepartylastnight,werentyou?Whydidntyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillag
18、ers_toasafeplace.wereinvitedeat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bringwerebrought4bComplete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.句子主语句子主语you与与invite之间存在被动关系。之间存在被动关系。villagers与与bring之之间存在被动关系间存在被动关系3.Thedoor_whenwearrived,sowe_thebell.4.Thestudents_nottoeatordrinkinclass,butRuby_
19、therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies_bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally_ them.waslockedrangbrokeweretoldwereeatenlikedthedoor与与lock之间为被动之间为被动关系；而关系；而we与与ring之间则为之间则为主动关系；其他各题相同。主动关系；其他各题相同。Thetelephone_(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He_(born)in1847.Mr.Bell_(wor
20、k)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.wasbornwasinventedworkedDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentence.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.4cthetelephone与与invent之间之间存在被动关系；存在被动关系；Mr.Bell与与work之间是主动关系。之间是主动关系。In1875,Mr.Bell_(learn)howtosendmusicalnotesthroughaninstrumentsimil
21、artoatelephone.Finally,thetelephone_(invent)in1876.Thefirstsentencethat_(say)onthetelephonebyMr.Bellwas“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwanttoseeyou.”Todaythetelephone_(use)aroundtheworld.learnedwasinventedwassaidisusedMr.Bell与与learn之间为之间为主动关系。主动关系。补全下列主动句变被动句。补全下列主动句变被动句。1.Jennyputherclothesinthesuitcaselastnight.Herclothes_inthesuitcaselastnight.2.ThetwinssanganEnglishsongthatday.AnEnglishsong_bythetwinsthatday.3.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?_abridge_herebythemayearago?4.Theysoldoutthelightgreendressesyesterday.Thelightgreendresses_out.