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1、CDMACDMA系统切换，功控系统切换，功控培培 训训 讲讲 义义1软切换(MAHO)和硬切换对比SofthandoffcanbeperformedinthesamecarrierlayerHighqualityhandoffthrough“makebeforebreak”processDifferentalgorithmmaybeusedtominimizeSHOregiontoreducesystemresourcesconsumption.GSMHardHandoffDistanceCellACellBSoftHandoffSignalStrengthABCDMASoftHandoffB
2、reakbeforeMakeMakebeforeBreak2导频集导频集：导频集是指所有具有相同的频率但PN码相位不同的导频的集合。导频集分为以下四类 激活集：当前手机正在保持连接的业务信道所对应的导频的集合。候选集：导频信号强度足够，手机可以成功解调，随时可以接入。相邻集：当前不在激活集或候选集里，但可能会进入候选集的导频的集合。剩余集：所有其余导频的集合。BSC与MS间导频集的异同：手机的导频集按照协议划分为激活集、候选集、相邻集、剩余集。BSC中的导频集可以只有激活集和相邻集。3July,19987-46RF100(c)1998ScottBaxter导频搜索顺序Thesearcherch
3、eckspilotsinnestedloops,muchlikemeshedgears.Activesandcandidatesoccupythefastest-spinningwheel.Neighborsarenext,advancingonepilotforeachAct+Cand.revolution.Remainingisslowest,advancingonepiloteachtimetheNeighborsrevolve.CURRENTPILOTSETCONTENTSAAACNNNNNNNNNNNNRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR
4、RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR3112112PILOTSEARCHERVIEWEDINSEQUENCE:TypicalElapsedTime=4secondsAAACNRAAACAAACAAACAAACAAACAAACNNNNNNAAACNAAACAAACAAACAAACAAACAAACNNNNNAAACNAAACAAACAAACAAACAAACAAACNNNNNNNAAACAAACAAACNNNRAAACNAAACAAACAAANNCAAACAAACNNNRAAACNAAACAAA
5、CAAANNCAAANCAAACNNOnly 3 of 112 remaining set pilots have been checked thus far!ANRRRRRRRNNNNNNNNAA4导频集之间的相互转换T_ADDT_DROPPilot1导频强度导频强度Pilot2T_TDROPT_TDROP相邻集相邻集候选集候选集激活集激活集候选集候选集相邻集相邻集TIME123456785678910111213命令格式jilin_omc-005417dispcbsc-7021hoconstrusersHOCONSTR|HOCONSTRUSER(cbsc#-hoconstr#)|-|-70
6、21-1ICTRKGRP-7021-17021-1ICTRKGRP-7021-137021-1CARRIER-271-1-2837021-1CARRIER-271-2-2837021-1CARRIER-917-1-2837021-1CARRIER-227-1-2837021-1CARRIER-227-2-2837021-1CARRIER-227-3-2837021-1CARRIER-918-1-2837021-2none7021-3none7021-4none7021-5none7021-6none7021-7none7021-14none7021-15none7021-16nonejilin
7、_omc-005417dispcbsc-7021detection|MAXACTIVE-|MAXCEPER-|MAXBTS-|MAXBTS-|MAXBTS-|TCOMPENA-|XCTCOMP|AGG-|AGG-|AGG-|NUM-|HOCONSTR|SETSIZE|CALL|LEGS1|LEGS2|LEGS3|THRSH|STRENGTH1|STRENGTH2|STRENGTH3|CANDIDATE|R(cbsc#-hoconstr#)|(dB)|(dB)|(dB)|(dB)|(dB)|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-7021-163322-14.54.5-3.0-7.0-
8、9.0107021-263322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-363322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-463322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-563322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-663322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-763322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-863322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-963322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-1063322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.
9、0107021-1163322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-1263322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-1363322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-1463322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-1563322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.0107021-1663322-14.54.5-3.0-5.0-7.01014跨CBSC间的切换15Inter-CBSCsofthandoffInter-CBSCSoftHandoff(1)CBSC1CBSC2-MSconnectstotwoBTSintwod
10、ifferentCBSCs,duringICSHO.-ThesignalingandtrafficinformationfromCBSC2(target)isbackhauledtoCBSC1(source).-CallcontrolishandledbyCBSC1-VoiceTrafficisusingIC-link,betweenCBSC1&2,andSourceMSC1isstillresponsibleforVoicehandling.1CBSC borderMSC1MSC216Inter-CBSCsofthandoffInter-CBSCSoftHandoff(2)CBSC1CBSC
11、22-AsMSproceedsintotheareaofCBSC2,itisrequiredtoperformanAnchorHandoff(akindofHardhandoff)-ThecontrolofthecallwillbemovedtoCBSC2withoutoccupyingresourcesinCBSC1andIC-link.-VoicehandlingwillbemovedtoMSC2.CBSC borderMSC1MSC217 AnchorHandoffTypesAnchorHandoffTypes1.1.Keep_SoftKeep_Soft:Neverallowscontr
12、olofthecalltobetransferredtothetargetCBSC.NeverallowscontrolofthecalltobetransferredtothetargetCBSC.2.2.Legs_RemoteLegs_Remote:PerformstheanchorhandoffwhentherearenoXCSECTORsoranchorsectorsintheactivesetfromtheperspectiveofthesourceCBSC.VeryConservative.3.3.No_LegsNo_Legs:Performstheanchorhandoffwhe
13、nnoanchorsectorsfromthesourceCBSCaretheintheactivelist.Thequickest.4.4.No_Legs_Wait(No_Legs_Wait(RecommendedRecommended):PerformstheanchorhandoffwhentheNo_Legscriteriaandeitheroneofthefollowingconditionsaremet:Thecallgoesinto1-waySHO.ThebestactivepilotisTcompabovethesecondbestactivepilot.Legs_Remote
14、criteriaismet.Inter-CBSCSoftHandoff(3)18HardHandoffInterCarrier-MAHO19Carrier1&2ESESCarrier2切换发生于许多小区位于边界的情况下适用于大面积的边界的情况 DAHOCarrier1Carrier1BTS1BTS2BTS1BTS2Carrier1Carrier1Carrier1&2导频指向有效时发生切换适用于局部或某地点的切换增加某一个基站的用户容量MAHOPBPBBTS1BTS2BTS3BTS1BTS2BTS3移动台支持移动台支持/数据库支持的切换方式的对比数据库支持的切换方式的对比Databasesett
15、ingofMAHO(-Example)1.Checkcalldistribution,makesureHARDHANDINisROUNDROBINDISPLAYCBSC-14CALLDIST2.SetupIRIS2KandIRIS95tablesforDAHODISPLAYCBSC-22CALLDISTDISPLAYINROUTE-22-11IRIS95DISPLAYINROUTE-22-11IRIS2KEDITINROUTE-22-11IRIS95CARRIER1=283CARRIER2=0EDITINROUTE-22-11IRIS2KCARRIER1=283CARRIER2=0DISPLA
16、YINROUTE-22-11IRIS95DISPLAYINROUTE-22-11IRIS2K3.DeletethecurrentneighboronbeaconsectorDISPLAYTCARRIER-22-242-1-201NEIGHBORDISPLAYTCARRIER-22-242-2-201NEIGHBORDISPLAYTCARRIER-22-242-3-201NEIGHBORDELETETCARRIER-22-242-1-201NEIGHBORDELETEALL=NENTRY1=2DISPLAYTBTS-22-242NEIGHBOR4.SetupCARRSOGSELtableDISP
17、LAYBTS-242CARRSOGSELEDITSECTOR-242-2CARRSOGSELSOGNO=1CURRENTCAR=11TESTMOBILE=11ROUNDROBIN=11DISPLAYBTS-242CARRSOGSELDATABASESETTINGFORMAHO215.TurnofECCLMonCh201andupdateCHANNELLISTtabletomake1XmobilebeidleonCh283onbeaconsectorDISPLAYBTS-242OHPARMSEDITCARRIER-242-2-201OHPARMSEXTCHANLIST=0DISPLAYBTS-2
18、42OHPARMSDISPLAYBTS-242CHANNELLISTEDITCARRIER-242-2-201CHANNELLISTCHAN1=283DISPLAYBTS-242CHANNELLIST6.Turnoff1Xvoiceand1XdataflagbecausetheChanneltypeisIS-95inHandoffRequestMessageonA1DISPLAYTBTS-22-242TCARRIERCONFEDITTCARRIER-22-242-2-201TCARRIERCONFTYPE=TRAFFIC_BEACONONEXVOICE=OFFONEXDATA=OFFDISPL
19、AYTBTS-22-242TCARRIERCONF7.AddthebeaconsectorasaneighborinNEIGHBORLISTDISPLAYTBTS-22-242NEIGHBORADDTCARRIER-22-242-1-201NEIGHBORINSERTION_POINT=1DETECT1=22-242-2-201HOMETHOD1=PBDEST1=TSECTOR-22-242-2CONFIG1=SAMEDISPLAYTBTS-22-242NEIGHBORDATABASESETTINGFORMAHO22MAHOHANDOFFCh283(IS95 carrier)ONEXVOICE
20、=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFOnly Supports IS95 Voice(&data)callsCh201(IS2K carrier)ONEXVOICE=ON ONEXDATA=ONSupports 1X Voice&data calls 2 carrier sector CurrentCarrier 1Test Mobile -Roundrobin 1 IRI95 IRI2KINROUTE-1 283 201INROUTE-11 283 283Ch201(Beacon carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFDoesnt Supports 1X Voic
21、e&data callsCh283(IS95 carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFOnly Supports IS95 Voice(&data)callsBeacon sector CurrentCarrier 11Test Mobile -Roundrobin 11 IRI95 IRI2KINROUTE-11 283 28323Ch283(IS95 carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFOnly Supports IS95 Voice(&data)callsCh201(IS2K carrier)ONEXVOICE=ON ONEXD
22、ATA=ONSupports 1X Voice&data callsCh201(Beacon Carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFDoesnt Supports 1X Voice&data callsBeacon sector CurrentCarrier 11Test Mobile -Roundrobin 11 IRI95 IRI2KINROUTE-11 283 283Ch283(IS95 carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFOnly Supports IS95 Voice(&data)calls 2 carrier secto
23、r CurrentCarrier 1Test Mobile -Roundrobin 1 IRI95 IRI2KINROUTE-1 283 201INROUTE-11 283 283Pilot Beacon messageMAHOHANDOFF242 carrier sector TSECTOR is specified as“beacon”as a HARD target.ENTRY=X DETECTION=HOMETHOD=PB DEST=Beacon sector CurrentCarrier 11Test Mobile -Roundrobin 11 IRI95 IRI2KINROUTE-
24、11 283 283Ch283(IS95 carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFOnly Supports IS95 Voice(&data)callsCh201(IS2K carrier)ONEXVOICE=ON ONEXDATA=ONSupports 1X Voice&data callsCh201(Beacon Carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFDoesnt Supports 1X Voice&data callsCh283(IS95 carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFOnly Suppor
25、ts IS95 Voice(&data)callsMAHOHANDOFF25Beacon sector CurrentCarrier 11Test Mobile -Roundrobin 11 IRI95 IRI2KINROUTE-11 283 283#note:CALLDIST table for“newcall”is set to“currentcar”Ch283(IS95 carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFOnly Supports IS95 Voice(&data)callsCh201(IS2K carrier)ONEXVOICE=ON ONEXDATA
26、=ONSupports 1X Voice&data callsCh201(Beacon Carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFDoesnt Supports 1X Voice&data callsCh283(IS95 carrier)ONEXVOICE=OFF ONEXDATA=OFFOnly Supports IS95 Voice(&data)callsMAHOHANDOFF26切换流程27主要切换消息28邻区列表更新问题：系统如何数据库中的临小区列表配置生成临小区列表？29空口消息一次软切换，空口上跑的消息：1）手机上报PSMM消息；2）基站回应答消息；3）基
27、站下发切换指示消息；4）手机回应答消息；5）手机回切换完成消息；6）基站回应答消息；7）基站下发带内系统参数消息；8）基站下发邻区列表更新消息。9）手机回响应消息。30July,19987-4RF100(c)1998ScottBaxterPaging&Access信道消息SyncChannelSyncChannelMsgPilotChannelNo MessagesPagingChannelAccessParametersMsgSystemParametersMsgCDMAChannelListMsgExtendedSystemParametersMsgExtendedNeighborList
28、MsgGlobalServiceRedirectionMsgOrderMsgBaseStationAcknowledgmentLockuntilPower-CycledMaintenancerequiredmanyothers.AuthenticationChallengeMsgStatusRequestMsgFeatureNotificationMsgTMSIAssignmentMsgChannelAssignmentMsgSSDUpdateMsgServiceRedirectionMsgGeneralPageMsgNullMsgDataBurstMsgAccessChannelRegist
29、rationMsgOrderMsgMobileStationAcknowldgmentLongCodeTransitionRequestSSDUpdateConfirmationmanyothers.OriginationMsgPageResponseMsgAuthenticationChallengeResponseMsgStatusResponseMsgTMSIAssignmentCompletionMessageDataBurstMsgBTS31July,19987-5RF100(c)1998ScottBaxter前、反向业务信道消息ReverseTrafficChannelOrderM
30、essageMobileSta.AcknowledgmentLongCodeTransitionRequestSSDUpdateConfirmationConnectAuthenticationChallengeResponseMsgFlashWithInformationMsgDataBurstMessagePilotStrengthMeasurementMsgPowerMeasurementReportMsgSendBurstDTMFMsgOriginationContinuationMsgHandoffCompletionMsgParametersResponseMessageServi
31、ceRequestMsgServiceResponseMsgServiceConnectCompletionMessageServiceOptionControlMessageStatusResponseMsgTMSIAssignmentCompletionMessageForwardTrafficChannelOrderMsgBaseStationAcknowledgmentBaseStationChallengeConfirmationMessageEncryptionModeAuthenticationChallengeMsgAlertWithInformationMsgDataBurs
32、tMsgAnalogHandoffDirectionMsgIn-TrafficSystemParametersMsgNeighborListUpdateMsgSendBurstDTMFMsgPowerControlParametersMsg.RetrieveParametersMsgSetParametersMsgSSDUpdateMsgFlashWithInformationMsgMobileStationRegisteredMsgStatusRequestMsgExtendedHandoffDirectionMsgServiceRequestMsgServiceResponseMsgSer
33、viceConnectMsgServiceOptionControlMsgTMSIAssignmentMsg32切换完成后的系统参数通知004/05/1110:53:52.798ForwardTrafficChannelPROTOCOL_REV:6In-TrafficsystemparametersMSG_LENGTH:18MSG_TYPE:7ACK_SEQ:2MSG_SEQ:2ACK_REQ:1ENCRYPTION:0SID:13831NID:11SRCH_WIN_A:6SRCH_WIN_N:8SRCH_WIN_R:9T_ADD:28T_DROP:32T_COMP:8T_TDROP:3NGH
34、BR_MAX_AGE:0P_REV:6SOFT_SLOPE:0ADD_INTERCEPT:0DROP_INTECEPT:0PACKET_ZONE_ID:0EXTENSION:0T_SLOTTED_INCL:02004/05/1110:53:52.827ReverseTrafficChannelPROTOCOL_REV:6Order-MobilestationacknowledgementMSG_Length:7MSG_TYPE:1ACK_SEQ:1MSG_SEQ:2ACK_REQ:0ENCRYPTION:0ORDER:16ADD_RECORD_LEN:0MobileStationAcknowl
35、edgementOrder33没切换时Paging信道的系统参数PWR_REP_THRESH:2PWR_REP_FRAMES:7-57PWR_THRESH_ENABLE:1PWR_PERIOD_ENABLE:0PWR_REP_DELAY:5RESCAN:0T_ADD:26T_DROP:30T_COMP:5T_TDROP:3EXT_SYS_PARAMETER:1EXT_NGHBR_LIST:0GEN_NGHBR_LIST:1GLOBAL_REDIRECT:0PRI_NGHBR_LIST:0USER_ZONE_ID:0EXT_GLOBAL_REDIRECT:0EXT_CHAN_LIST:12004
36、/05/1110:53:13.401PagingChannelPROTOCOL_REV:6SystemParametersMSG_TYPE:1PILOT_PN:273CONFIG_MSG_SEQ:12SID:13828NID:185REG_ZONE:5TOTAL_ZONE:3ZONE_TIMER:2MULT_SIDS:1MULT_NIDS:1BASE_ID:587BASE_CLASS:0-PublicMicrocellularSystemPAGE_CHAN:1MAX_SLOT_CYCLE_INDEX:1-2.560secHOME_REG:1FOR_SID_REG:1FOR_NID_REG:1P
37、OWER_UP_REG:1POWER_DOWN_REG:1PARAMETER_REG:0REG_PRD:58-30.894minBASE_LAT:448828BASE_LON:1748068REG_DIST:0-DisableSRCH_WIN_A:7-40SRCH_WIN_N:9-80SRCH_WIN_R:9-80NGHBR_MAX_AGE:034Inter-MSCHardHandoffS-CBSCS-BTSS-SwitchT-BTSE InterfaceIS-41DT-SwitchT-CBSCA1 InterfaceIS-634A1 InterfaceIS-63435参考标准Referenc
38、eInter-MSCHardHandoffSignalingAndDatabaseConfigurationGuidelineCHN-ENG-0550-165IS-41AMappingMSC-BSA1InterfaceMessagesSystemICD36Inter-MSCHardHandoffCallFlowMSS-BTST-BTSS-CBSCS-MSCT-MSCT-CBSCPSMMHANDOFF REQUIREDFacilitiesDirective2HANDOFF REQUESTHANDOFF REQUEST ACKFacilitiesDirective2 RETURN RESULTHA
39、NDOFF COMMANDHANDOFF DIRECTION MSGACKNOWLEDGE ORDERHANDOFF COMMENCEDHANDOFF COMPLETION MSGHANDOFF COMPLETEIS41 MSONCHCLEAR COMMANDCLEAR COMPLETESCAPSCAPSCAPSCAPSCAPSCAP37A口消息Handoff Required的主要参数：必选参数CauseCell Identifier List(Target)Classmark Information Type 2Response RequestEncryption Information
40、Mobile Identity(ESN)可选参数Downlink Radio EnvironmentService Option38A口消息Handoff Request的主要参数必选参数Channel TypeEncryption InformationClassmark Information Type 2Cell Identifier List(Target)Mobile Identity(IMSI)Mobile Identity(ESN)Downlink Radio EnvironmentCDMA Serving One Way Delay可选参数Circuit Identity Co
41、de ExtensionService Option39A口消息Handoff Command的主要参数无必选参数可选参数IS-95 Channel Identity Cell Identifier List Extended Handoff Direction ParametersHard Handoff ParametersIS-2000 Channel Identity40切换的主要参数及设置切换参数的设置不当对系统的影响：(1)设置过小：产生大量导频测量消息，通知基站，准备切换，大量占用了移动台和基站的资源；增加了不必要的切换，占用了更多的TCH(Traffic Channel)，使更
42、多移动台进入软切换，尤其是随着T_ADD 降低，三小区切换的比例会上升；使移动台到达远端小区的功率过低，甚至被忽略，失去了分集接收的意义，又造成了TCH 的浪费。(2)设置过大：话音质量差，甚至造成掉话，减少了基站的覆盖范围；造成了切换延迟；基站边界附近的移动台发射功率过高，造成大量耗电等不利后果。41切换的主要参数及设置T_ADD：导频可用门限（绝对门限）当Ec/IoT_ADD手机发送导频强度测量消息，将导频由相邻集加到候选集 范围：-31.50dB推荐值：-14-12dB 适当选择T_ADD，使系统的大部分软切换是两小区切换，并且使移动台与两小区的距离大致相等，这样可使移动台平均发射功率降
43、幅加大，降低了对系统的干扰。系统中两小区和三小区切换比例随T_ADD变化而变化的趋势，当门限T_ADD的值大于-11dB后，切换比例迅速下降；在T_ADD的范围有一个最大值，随着T_ADD的降低，更多的移动台进入两小区切换状态，曲线上升；当T_ADD进一步降低时，会产生更多的三小区切换，同时两小区切换的比例必然会降低。42切换的主要参数及设置T_DROP：导频最低可用门限当导频的Ec/Io下降低于T_Drop触发计数器T_TDrop如果导频Ec/Io超过T_Drop,计数器中止；计数器满时导频从激活集或候选集中去除到相邻集。范围：-31.50dB推荐值：-16-13dB导频丢弃门限T_DROP
44、的设置1)设置过小增大了基站的覆盖范围，导致移动台的发射功率增大；处于切换状态的移动台数量增多，参与切换的基站数量增多，占用了更多的TCH，而且由于Ec/Io过小，使分集失去意义，导致质量下降。2)设置过大：减小了切换区域，使软切换减少，增加了掉话率；增加了乒乓切换（导频离开活动集又进入活动集），掉话率上升。可见，对T_DROP的合理选择也是同样重要的。43切换的主要参数及设置T_Comp:activevs.candidateComparisonthreshold导频比较差值门限（相对门限）当Ec/IoActiveEc/IoT_Comp*0.5，则手机发送附加的PSMM范围：063步长0.5d
45、B推荐值：22.5dB导频强度比较门限T_COMP的设置(1)设置过小：使导频进入活动集较容易，保证了活动集永远包含最强的导频；但导频互换的增多产生大量的增多导频测量消息，使系统负担增大；占用更多的TCH。(2)设置过大：造成切换延迟，易掉话；由于本应进入活动集的导频被忽略，继而成为了强干扰源，造成系统QoS较差，甚至引起掉话。可见，切换参数的合理设置意义重大。44切换的主要参数T_TDROP:ActiveorCandidateSetdroptimer导频去掉定时器长度 当导频集和候选集中导频降低时间超过了T_TDROP计数器，导频将被去除到相邻集 如果候选集满了，但是有新的导频满足T_ADD
46、要求需要增加，那么就去除一个最接近T_TDROP门限的导频 范围：0319s推荐值：24s导频丢弃定时器T_TDROP的设置(1)设置过小：增加了乒乓切换。(2)设置过大：系统产生三小区软切换，占用了更多TCH，甚至由于Ec/Io很小而使分集失去意义。45搜索窗口参数移动台在检测导频时，移动台想要检测的导频并不会正好在预期的时间内到达，移动台估计的系统时间包括参考导频的传播时延，而其他导频的时序也是基于自己的传播时延的。由于移动台并不知道任意给定的导频的传播时延大小，所以它必须在合理的时延窗口上进行搜索，直到找出导频的实际时序。移动台寻找给定导频时，其搜索宽度称为搜索窗口。l 移动台搜索导频时
47、使用3种不同的搜索窗口参数（包含在SPM消息中）：SRCH_WIN_ASRCH_WIN_A，用于搜索激活集和候选集中的导频SRCH_WIN_NSRCH_WIN_N，用于搜索相邻集中的导频SRCH_WIN_RSRCH_WIN_R，用于搜索剩余集中的导频46导频搜索 基站对各种导频集合分别设置了相应的搜索窗口(PN 偏置范围)，在各个窗口里移动台搜索对应导频集中导频的所有可用多径分量。SRCH_WIN_ASRCH_WIN_A 移动台利用这个搜索窗口搜索激活集和候选集中的导频，它以PN码片为单位来指定，移动台将把激活集和候选集中每个导频信号的搜索窗口中心定位在最早到达的可用多径成份的导频信号附近。搜
48、索窗导频最早到达的多径分量导频相位47切换参数调整48导频污染解决策略导频污染解决策略4 Pilots with Ec/Io T_ADD6 Pilots with Ec/Io -14 dB问题：越区覆盖或漏做邻区关系都可能造成强信号导频不能加入激活集，从而形成导频污染解决：调整本小区主覆盖方向调整相邻小区天线和功率，控制覆盖范围调整切换参数例一例二49问题问题问题问题描述描述描述描述1 1：该该该该路段高路段高路段高路段高FERFER，EcEc/Io/Io差。差。差。差。高高高高FERFER，EcEc/Io/Io差差差差问题问题问题问题分析：路分析：路分析：路分析：路测测测测分析分析分析分析报
49、报报报告告告告显显显显示，示，示，示，这这这这一路段可以收到一路段可以收到一路段可以收到一路段可以收到铁铁铁铁心心心心桥桥桥桥，双，双，双，双龙龙龙龙立交，岔路口，利立交，岔路口，利立交，岔路口，利立交，岔路口，利源北路，翠屏山，江宁源北路，翠屏山，江宁源北路，翠屏山，江宁源北路，翠屏山，江宁1 1，江宁江宁江宁江宁3 3等等等等7 7个基站的信号，个基站的信号，个基站的信号，个基站的信号，但是距离都但是距离都但是距离都但是距离都较远较远较远较远，没有主，没有主，没有主，没有主导导导导扇区，扇区，扇区，扇区，导频污导频污导频污导频污染染染染严严严严重。重。重。重。案例案例1-无主导频无主导频5
50、0功率控制51移动台接入过程的功率控制划分开环功控的起始点闭环功控的起始点CFC5，952移动台接入过程53接入探测序列54接入过程各变量的说明变变量量名名描述描述关系式关系式取取值值范范围围单单位位IP初始开环功控功率 IP=73 Mean Input Power(dBm)+NOM_PWR +INIT_PWR见接入参数表dBmPD持续延迟以时隙为单位进行延迟，直至伪随机持续性检测通过。PSIST0_9,1015时隙PI相邻探测的功率增量PI=PWR_STEP0 7dBRA接入信道号数0到ACC_CHAN（我们产品的变量名）（总接入信道数）间的随机数，在每个序列前产生。031RNPN随机延迟H