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1、Unit 1 Great scientists知识大框架知识大框架TopicHow to organize scientific research&Contributions of scientistsWords1.scientific 2.conclude 3.analyse 4.defeat 5.attend 6.expose 7.cure8.challenge 9.absorb 10.suspect 11.blame 12.pollute 13.handle14.announce 15.instruct 16.construct17.contribute 18.enthusiastic
2、19.cautious 20.reject名师伴你行名师伴你行Phrases1.expose.to 2.put forward 3.draw a conclusion 4.link.to.5.apart from 6.(be)strict with.7.make sense 8.find out 9.look into 10.slow down 11.lead to 12.at timesPatterns1.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.2.He was determined to find out why.3.He did not
3、 want to be attacked.名师伴你行名师伴你行GrammarThe Past Participle(I)as the Predicative&Attribute1.The building built last year is the dormitory of our school.2.The lake is covered with ice.3.He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.名师伴你行名师伴你行 酷图大导学酷图大导学女王维多利亚和她的医生女王维多利亚和她的医生名师伴
4、你行名师伴你行学学 案案 一一Warming upReading：JOHN SNOW EFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”名师伴你行名师伴你行学点大梳理学点大梳理 重点单词重点单词新知新知1 conclude vt.&vi.结束；推断出结束；推断出Draw a conclusion.(Page 1)归纳拓展归纳拓展conclude vt.&vi.结束；推断出结束；推断出 to conclude 使结束；使结束；conclusion n.结论；结束结论；结束 draw(reach)a conclusion得出结论得出结论 arrive at a conclusion得出结论得出结论 come
5、to a conclusion得出结论得出结论背诵例句背诵例句You had better not draw a conclusion in a hurry.你最好别匆忙下结论。你最好别匆忙下结论。To conclude,I wish you all good health and a long life.最后最后,祝大家健康长寿。祝大家健康长寿。动手练习动手练习(1)Can human beings live on the moon?Its too early to (得出结论得出结论).(2)The doctor concluded that the patients disease wa
6、s only a cold.(英译汉英译汉)(3)At last,the judge that the accused was guilty.A.considered B.guessed C.doubted D.concluded 名师伴你行名师伴你行draw a conclusion医生断定病人患的仅仅是感冒。医生断定病人患的仅仅是感冒。D(4)After talking to his friends,he that a book which answered such questions might be popular.A.indicatedB.concluded C.hesitated
7、D.weighted新知新知2 analyse vt.分析分析Analyse the results.(Page 1)归纳拓展归纳拓展analyse vt.分析分析 analyse n.分析分析背诵例句背诵例句Lets analyse the problem and see what went wrong.让我们分析一下这道题，看什么地方出错了。让我们分析一下这道题，看什么地方出错了。We should analyse the problem as a whole.我们应该把问题作为一个整体来分析。我们应该把问题作为一个整体来分析。B名师伴你行名师伴你行动手练习动手练习(1)My teache
8、r helped me to (分析分析)the cause of failure in the exam.(2)The water samples (正在分析正在分析)in a laboratory.(3)Use the chart from Pre reading to (分析分析)the text about Rio de Janeiro.新知新知3 defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫打败；战胜；使受挫 n.失败失败John Snow defeats“King Cholera”.(Page 2)归纳拓展归纳拓展defeat vt.打败；战胜打败；战胜 defeat n.失败；击败失败
9、；击败 failure n.失败失败analyseare now being analysedanalyse名师伴你行名师伴你行背诵例句背诵例句Our men were heavily defeated in the battle.我军在此战役中受到重创。我军在此战役中受到重创。动手练习动手练习(1)The public bet a lot of money on Mendoza,(但是他被击败了但是他被击败了).(2)The football team suffered a defeat.(用用defeat的的动词替换动词替换)(3)Our hopes were defeated.(英译汉英
10、译汉)(4)Some countries may but can never be conquered.A.be defeatedB.defeat C.be wonD.be beatA名师伴你行名师伴你行but he was defeated我们的希望破灭了我们的希望破灭了。was defeated新知新知4 attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加照顾；护理；出席；参加John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert,indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physicia
11、n.(Page 2)归纳拓展归纳拓展attend vt.护理；治疗护理；治疗 attend vt.出席；参加出席；参加attend sb.陪伴某人陪伴某人 attend school 上学上学attend to 办理；照顾；注意；倾听办理；照顾；注意；倾听背诵例句背诵例句 The patient was attended by a nurse.病患由护士照料。病患由护士照料。名师伴你行名师伴你行I come here for attending the Olympic Games.我是来参加奥运会的。我是来参加奥运会的。动手练习动手练习(1)Which doctor is (治疗治疗)you?
12、(2)I will (陪陪)you to the classroom.(3)Ill (出席出席)a meeting next week.(4)We have been invited to (参加婚礼参加婚礼)tomorrow.(5)我明天不用上学。我明天不用上学。(汉译英汉译英;dont have to)新知新知5 cure n.治愈；痊愈治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗治愈；治疗Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(Page 2)attendingattendattendattend a wedding I dont have to att
13、end school tomorrow.名师伴你行名师伴你行归纳拓展归纳拓展cure vt.&n.治愈；治疗治愈；治疗cure sb.of a disease 治愈；治疗治愈；治疗treat和和treatment 是是cure的近义词，意思是的近义词，意思是“治治 疗疗”，不含，不含“治愈治愈”的意思。的意思。背诵例句背诵例句Fear is a disease;hope is its only cure.恐惧是一种疾病；希望是治疗它的唯一良药。恐惧是一种疾病；希望是治疗它的唯一良药。The doctor cured her of a cold.医生医好了她的感冒。医生医好了她的感冒。动手练习动
14、手练习(1)I have no money to (治愈治愈)my legs.(2)The treatment (治好治好)him of disease.curecured 名师伴你行名师伴你行(3)It is still not possible to (治愈治愈)the common cold.(4)Theres no known (治愈方法治愈方法)for AIDS.(5)When I left the hospital I (完完 全治愈了全治愈了).新知新知6 absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心吸收；吸引；使专心The second suggested that people a
15、bsorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(Page 2)归纳拓展归纳拓展absorb vt.吸取吸取(知识知识)；占有；吸收；占有；吸收absorb vt.承受；承担承受；承担 be absorbed in 使全神贯注使全神贯注 curecure was completely cured名师伴你行名师伴你行背诵例句背诵例句Plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.植物可以吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。植物可以吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。We will not absorb t
16、hese charges.我们不能承担这些费用。我们不能承担这些费用。动手练习动手练习(1)The clever boy (吸收了吸收了)all the knowledge that his teachers could give him.(2)The writer was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to tap the ashes from his cigar.(英译汉英译汉)(3)I found it impossible to quickly.absorbed作家全神贯注地进行写作作家全神贯注地进行写作,忘了弹去雪茄烟的烟灰。忘了弹去雪
17、茄烟的烟灰。名师伴你行名师伴你行absorb so muchinformation(4)The water in the ocean also keeps the temperature of the earth steady by and giving off heat.A.producingB.absorbing C.reducingD.lessening新知新知7 suspect vt.怀疑怀疑John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.(Page 2)归纳拓展归纳拓展susp
18、ect vt.怀疑；猜想；以为怀疑；猜想；以为suspect n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 背诵例句背诵例句I suspected that an accident had happened.我好像觉得有意外事故发生。我好像觉得有意外事故发生。B名师伴你行名师伴你行动手练习动手练习(1)We (揣想揣想)theyll be a little late.(2)He seems poor,but I (怀疑怀疑)that he has quite a lot of money.(3)The police have taken the (嫌疑犯嫌疑犯)to the police statio
19、n.(4)She strongly (怀疑怀疑)that he was lying.(5)(5)情况比我们当初猜想的还要坏。情况比我们当初猜想的还要坏。(汉译英汉译英)新知新知 8 blame vt.责备；谴责责备；谴责 n.过失；责备过失；责备It seemed that the water was to blame.(Page 2)suspectsuspectsuspectsuspectedThe situation is worse than what we firstsuspected.名师伴你行名师伴你行归纳拓展归纳拓展blame vt.责备；谴责责备；谴责 blame n.过失；责
20、备过失；责备be to blame 应受谴责应受谴责/负责负责blame sth.on sb.某事归咎于某人某事归咎于某人blame sb.for sth.某事归咎于某人某事归咎于某人take the blame for怪罪怪罪背诵例句背诵例句Not you but your father is to blame.不是你不是你,而是你父亲应该被责备。而是你父亲应该被责备。Dont blame it on him,but on me.别怪他别怪他,该怪我。该怪我。名师伴你行名师伴你行动手练习动手练习(1)They (怪罪怪罪)the secretary for the delay of the
21、plan.(2)The car driver took the blame for the accident.(英译汉英译汉)(3)是我不好。是我不好。(汉译英汉译英)(4)The driver(不应负责不应负责)for the traffic accident.【高考链接高考链接】Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16 year old boy,saying that he was not the one A.blamedB.blamingC.to blameD.to be blamed 小汽车的司机承担了事故的责任。小汽车的司机承担了事故的责任。I a
22、m to blame.was not to blame名师伴你行名师伴你行blamed名师伴你行名师伴你行【答案答案】C【解析解析】本题考查非谓语动词。本题考查非谓语动词。to blame作定语，作定语，修饰修饰the one,两者构成动宾关系，只能用主动形式。两者构成动宾关系，只能用主动形式。新知新知9 handle n.柄；把手柄；把手vt.处理；操纵处理；操纵He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be
23、 used.(Page 2)归纳拓展归纳拓展handle vt.对付；运用；买卖；处理对付；运用；买卖；处理handle n.柄；把手；把柄柄；把手；把柄背诵例句背诵例句He felt around for the handle.他用手四处摸索寻找把手。他用手四处摸索寻找把手。He felt around for the handle.他用手四处摸索寻找把手。他用手四处摸索寻找把手。Hes not a very good teacherhe doesnt know how to handle children.他不是一个好的老师他不是一个好的老师他不懂得如何对待孩子。他不懂得如何对待孩子。动手
24、练习动手练习(1)Wash your hands before you (拿拿)food.(2)He is an expert in (处理处理)matters of corporate law.(3)His carelessness gave his enemies a handle to use against him.(英译汉英译汉)handlehandling他的粗心给了敌人用于反对他的把柄。他的粗心给了敌人用于反对他的把柄。名师伴你行名师伴你行(4)She handled the employees problem with sensitivity and direction.(替换
25、替换)A.do withB.dealt with C.solved toD.settled down【高考链接高考链接】As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine,we must send for an engineer to the problem.2008年高考湖北卷年高考湖北卷 A.handleB.raise C.faceD.present【答案答案】A【解析解析】此题考查动词辨析。此题考查动词辨析。handle此处的意思是此处的意思是“处理处理”，handle the problem“处理这个问题处理这个问题”。raise“提
26、出提出”；face“面对面对”；present“提交提交”。名师伴你行名师伴你行B新知新知10 announce vt.宣布；通告宣布；通告With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.(Page 3)归纳拓展归纳拓展announce vt.通告；发表通告；发表;宣布，宣告宣布，宣告announcement n.通告，宣告；言论通告，宣告；言论;谈话谈话declare vt.&vi.与与that连用，声称；郑重地说连用，声称
27、；郑重地说背诵例句背诵例句The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.政府宣布他们将修建一条通向山区的新公路。政府宣布他们将修建一条通向山区的新公路。He interrupted the ongoing discussion and announced a notice.他打断正在进行的讨论，宣读了一项通知。他打断正在进行的讨论，宣读了一项通知。名师伴你行名师伴你行动手练习动手练习(1)He (广播广播)three programs a week.(2)She declared tha
28、t she didnt want to see him again.(替换替换)(3)The captain that the plane was going to land.A.statedB.insisted C.guessedD.announced(4)In 2000,Chinese scientists that they had completed their part of their international human genome project,proving that Chinese scientists are among the worlds best.A.told
29、 B.announced C.spoke D.noticed名师伴你行名师伴你行announcesDBannounced新知新知11 instruct vt.命令；指示；教导命令；指示；教导The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.(Page 3)归纳拓展归纳拓展instruct vt.教；教授教；教授instruct sb.to do sth.命令命令instruction n.教授；命令教授；命令instructor n.教练教练instructions=direc
30、tions n.(复数复数)说明说明(书书)背诵例句背诵例句The teacher often takes the trouble to instruct his students.那位老师经常不厌其烦地教导他的学生。那位老师经常不厌其烦地教导他的学生。名师伴你行名师伴你行动手练习动手练习(1)Mr.Smith (教授教授)a class in history.(2)She (教给教给)him how to do it.(3)After having been(指令指令)to drive out of town,I began to acquire confidence.(4)Children
31、 must be instructed in road safety before they are allowed to ride a bike on the road.(英译英译汉汉)(5)(我得到指示我得到指示)to wait here until the lecturer arrives.(6)这位老师教我们的地理课。这位老师教我们的地理课。(汉译英汉译英)名师伴你行名师伴你行instructsinstructedinstructed必须先教给儿童道路安全的知识，才可以让必须先教给儿童道路安全的知识，才可以让他们骑自行车上街。他们骑自行车上街。Ive been instructedTh
32、e teacher instructed us in geography.名师伴你行名师伴你行常用短语常用短语新知新知1 put forward提出提出Who put forward a theory about black holes?(Page 1)归纳拓展归纳拓展put forward提出；推荐提出；推荐put down=write down写下写下put down as视为；看作视为；看作put in打断；插嘴打断；插嘴put off延期；推迟延期；推迟背诵例句背诵例句He put forward a new theory.他提出了一种新理论。他提出了一种新理论。Ive put you
33、 forward as the best man for the job.我已经提名你为这项工作的最佳人选。我已经提名你为这项工作的最佳人选。名师伴你行名师伴你行动手练习动手练习(翻译句中划线部分翻译句中划线部分)(1)Shall we put Mr.Willinton forward as the candidate for chairman of the committee?()(2)In 1860,a better plan was put forward by an Englishman,William Low.()(3)Put it down to my account,please
34、.()(4)Id put him down as an uneducated man.()(5)“Dont forget us,”she put in.()提提 名名提提 出出记记 在在看看 作作插插 嘴嘴名师伴你行名师伴你行新知新知2 expose.to 使显露；暴露使显露；暴露But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(Page 2)归纳拓展归纳拓展expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光暴露；揭露；使曝光expose.to使显露；暴露使显露；暴露背诵例句背诵
35、例句They exposed the true aims of the war.他们揭露了这次战争的真实目的。他们揭露了这次战争的真实目的。Iron exposed to the air soon turns brown.暴露于空气中的铁很快变成褐色。暴露于空气中的铁很快变成褐色。名师伴你行名师伴你行动手练习动手练习(1)Non smokers(长久暴露在长久暴露在)second hand smoke suffer more harm than smokers.(2)We can(让孩子们接让孩子们接 受受)to the best values we have found.(3)In the
36、future you will be exposed to more and more choice,not less.(英译汉英译汉)新知新知3 link.to.将将和和联系或连接起来联系或连接起来 In another part of London,he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.(Page 3)的选择机会。的选择机会。long exposed toexpose our children在将来你会有越来越多的，而不是越来越少在将来
37、你会有越来越多的，而不是越来越少名师伴你行名师伴你行归纳拓展归纳拓展link.to.将将和和联系联系 或连接起来或连接起来be linked with/to/by 连接连接link vt.&n.连接；联系连接；联系be joined with 连接连接be connected with 连接连接背诵例句背诵例句This movement away from cigarettes began when lung cancer and other ailments were linked to smoking.戒烟运动始于人们发现肺癌和其他一些疾病与戒烟运动始于人们发现肺癌和其他一些疾病与吸烟有关
38、。吸烟有关。名师伴你行名师伴你行They planned to build a highway to link the two towns.他们打算修一条公路将两个城镇连接起来。他们打算修一条公路将两个城镇连接起来。动手练习动手练习(1)The new bridge will(连接连接)the island to the mainland.(2)A lot of (链环链环)fitted together form a chain.(3)The new company (联联 合合)several older ones in self protection.(4)Television stat
39、ions around the world (被用卫星连接被用卫星连接).link linkswas linked witharelinked by satellite 名师伴你行名师伴你行典型句式典型句式新知新知1 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(Page 2)无论是它的原因还是治疗它的方法都不知道。无论是它的原因还是治疗它的方法都不知道。归纳拓展归纳拓展neither.nor 既不既不也不也不either.or.要么要么要么要么背诵例句背诵例句He neither drinks nor smokes.他既不喝酒也不抽烟。他既不喝
40、酒也不抽烟。She neither answers nor says anything.她没有回答也没说什么。她没有回答也没说什么。名师伴你行名师伴你行动手练习动手练习(1)We are going to (既不打篮球也不打排球既不打篮球也不打排球).(2)我们两个人都没错。我们两个人都没错。(汉译英汉译英)(3)Neither you nor I,nor anybody else(know)the answer.(4)without practice,nor could practice do without theory.A.Either could theory do B.Neither
41、 theory could do C.Neither could theory do D.Either theory could doplay neither basketballCknowsNeither you nor I am wrong.nor volleyball名师伴你行名师伴你行新知新知2 So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(Page 2)因此，每次爆发，成千上万惊恐的人会死亡。因此，每次爆发，成千上万惊恐的人会死亡。归纳拓展归纳拓展terrified peopl
42、e 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语“惊恐的人惊恐的人”，过去分词与其所修饰的名词是被动关系。过去分词与其所修饰的名词是被动关系。背诵例句背诵例句They were talking about the war in the meeting held last week.他们在上周举行的会议中谈论了那场战争。他们在上周举行的会议中谈论了那场战争。He decided to carry on the work left by other comrades.他决定继续做其他同志留下的工作。他决定继续做其他同志留下的工作。名师伴你行名师伴你行动手练习动手练习(1)A (break)cup is lying
43、 on the floor.(2)The meeting (hold)yesterday was very important.(3)We need more (qualify)teachers.(4)A man is being questioned in relation to the murder last night.A.advised B.attended C.attempted D.admittedbrokenheldqualifiedC名师伴你行名师伴你行酷图大导学酷图大导学A new rocket built the U.S.is being sent into space.学
44、案二学案二Grammar:Discovering useful structures 语法讲练：过去分词语法讲练：过去分词(I)作定语和表语作定语和表语名师伴你行名师伴你行要点大梳理要点大梳理 牢记规则牢记规则 非谓语动词是语法学习的重点，也是高考必考的非谓语动词是语法学习的重点，也是高考必考的语法项目。英语中有三种非谓语动词，即动词不定式、语法项目。英语中有三种非谓语动词，即动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。动词的过去分词用法较多，可现在分词和过去分词。动词的过去分词用法较多，可以用作定语、表语、状语、宾语补足语等，相当于形以用作定语、表语、状语、宾语补足语等，相当于形容词或副词。下面重点归纳
45、一下过去分词作定语和表容词或副词。下面重点归纳一下过去分词作定语和表语的用法。语的用法。.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语 1.及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关 系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动，又表示完成。系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动，又表示完成。The cup is broken.茶杯破了。茶杯破了。名师伴你行名师伴你行The door is closed.门是关着的。门是关着的。The door remained closed.门仍然锁着。门仍然锁着。He felt rather let down by their failure.他们
46、的失败使他感到相当失望。他们的失败使他感到相当失望。He seemed quite delighted at the idea.听了这想法他似乎很高兴。听了这想法他似乎很高兴。Everything is settled now.一切都解决了。一切都解决了。The room was packed with people.屋里挤满了人。屋里挤满了人。The article is written at last.文章终于写出来了。文章终于写出来了。名师伴你行名师伴你行 He is deeply read in the classics.他精通古典文学。他精通古典文学。I am convinced o
47、f his honesty.我深信他的诚实。我深信他的诚实。Are you satisfied that I am telling the truth？你相信我说的是实话吗？你相信我说的是实话吗？2.不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是主动关不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是主动关 系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的完成。系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的完成。The stick is burnt.木棒燃烧过了。木棒燃烧过了。Youre mistaken.你错了。你错了。Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.他们为所欲为
48、的日子一去不复返了。他们为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。名师伴你行名师伴你行 Hes gone.他走了。他走了。3.有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动 结构。结构。Where is Lu Xun buried?鲁迅葬在哪儿？鲁迅葬在哪儿？Thank heavens!The boy is saved.谢天谢地，孩子得救了。谢天谢地，孩子得救了。4.注意过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别注意过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作过去分词作 表语表语,主要是表示主语的状态主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态表示动作。而被动语态表示动作。The cup was
49、 broken by my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹妹打碎的。茶杯是昨天我小妹妹打碎的。(是被动语态，表示动作是被动语态，表示动作)名师伴你行名师伴你行The library is usually closed at 6.图书馆通常六点关门。图书馆通常六点关门。(被动语态被动语态)The library is now closed.图书馆关门了。图书馆关门了。(过去分词作表语过去分词作表语)The book was written by a soldier.这书是一位战士写的。这书是一位战士写的。(被动语态被动语态)The book is well wr
50、itten.书写得很好。书写得很好。(过去分词作表语过去分词作表语)They were crowded into one room.他们被塞到一间房内。他们被塞到一间房内。(被动语态被动语态)The street is crowded with people.街上很拥挤。街上很拥挤。(过去分词作表语过去分词作表语)名师伴你行名师伴你行This point has not been covered yet.这一点还没谈到。这一点还没谈到。(被动语态被动语态)The ground is covered with snow.地上尽是雪。地上尽是雪。(过去分词作表语过去分词作表语)He had bee