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1、本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。2021 高考英语阅读理解二轮根底训练 80 集连载25 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。2021 高考英语阅读理解集训。阅读以下短文，从每一小题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最正确选项。Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior.One showed that adults are
2、 much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards.Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoners Dilemma.The game is base
3、d on the tension(紧张气氛)between the interests(利益)of an individual and a group.The students played in groups of four.Each player could win points for the group,so they would all gain equally.But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players,at a cost to the punisher.Harvard re
4、searcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation.The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least.And the more a group punished itself,the lower its earnings were.The group with the most punishment earn
5、ed twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment.The study appeared last month in the journal Science.The other study involved children.It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse.Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups.More tha
6、n eight hundred children aged two to four the first time they were tested.More than seven hundred children aged five to nine.本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。The two groups were retested four years later,and the study compared the results with the first test.Both
7、 groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not.The study says the IQs-or intelligence quotients-of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were.In the older group,the difference was almost three points.Mur
8、ray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation.Professor Strauss has written extensively about physical punishment of children.He says the more they are spanked,the slower their mental development.He also looked at
9、average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.1Which could be the best title of the passage?A.Punishment B.The Best Way to Influence Behavior.C.Punishment or Reward:Which Works Better on Behavior?D.Two Recent Studies.2The underlined word“spanked probably means_.A.w
10、on B.punished C.tested D.praised 3According to the passage,the researchers may agree the best way to influence behavior is_.A.rewarding good behavior B.correcting bad behavior C.punishing badly-behaved children D.praising well-behaved children 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令
11、狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。试题分析：文章主要介绍了两项研究的过程和研究成果。近期的两项研究显示，惩罚不是影响行为的最好方法。其中一项研究显示，成年人在一个基于奖励的机制中更具性。另一项研究说明，惩罚不利于孩子心智的开展。1选择最正确标题。A 项太片面；文章没有提到最好的方法，排除 B；D 项不够详细；根据第二段“One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards.和第六段“of the younger children who were not spanked w
12、ere five points higher than those who were可知，研究说明，奖励可以促进，惩罚不利于孩子的心智开展，应选 C。2猜想词义题。根据带第六段“who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were可知，被父母体罚的孩子，他们的智商比没有受到体罚的孩子的低 5 分，根据最后一段“He says the more they are spanked,the slower their mental development.可知，孩子受到的惩罚越多，他们的心智开展得越慢，说明划线词是“惩罚的意思
13、，应选 B。3 推理判断题。B、D 两项文中未提及；根据倒数第二段“of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were和最后一段“the more they are spanked,the slower their mental development可知，惩罚不利于孩子的身心开展，排除 C；根据第二段“adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards和第六段“five
14、points higher than those who were可知，奖励可以促进，而惩罚不利于孩子心智的开展，只有 A 项与奖励有关，应选 A。【2021 高考训练】阅读以下短文，从每一小题所给的四个选项A、B、C 和 D中，选出最正确选项。Its good to make mistakes,and here is why.First of all,mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things.Its always good to try new things because when you are trying new
15、 things you are growing.If you never try anything new,how can you improve?How can you expand?The simple answer is“You cant.本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。Look around you.With very few exceptions,either everything you see in your physical world or every single d
16、etail of every single thing is the result of someone trying something new.Another good thing about mistakes is this:When you are making mistakes,you are learning.Consider this:Edison failed 10,000 times before he perfected the light bulb.When asked how it felt to fail that many times,he said that he
17、 hadnt failed 10,000 times,but rather had learned 10,000 things that didnt work.Finally,when you make a mistake you are much closer to success.Why?Because when all is said and done,you will have tried some number of things before you succeed.Every time you make a mistake you eliminate one of those t
18、hings and are one step closer.But this all doesnt mean that you should go ahead without considering the consequences of a mistake.Quite the contrary,when you try something new you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesnt work out the way you want it to,you
19、 will be in a position to try again.We all have limited resources in the form of time and money,so dont blow them all on one approach to a problem.Realize that it probably wont be perfect the first time and allocate(分配)these resources appropriately so you can learn,make corrections,and try it again.
20、Only by accepting and using your mistakes in this way can you make significant advances in your business and your career.There is an old saying that goes,“If youre not making mistakes,youre not trying hard enough.So go forth and make mistakes.And learn.And grow.And prosper(成功).1.From the second para
21、graph,we can conclude that _.本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。A.mistakes are unnecessary for development B.we are afraid of trying new things C.its common for people to make mistakes D.mistakes are better than not trying 2.The underlined word“eliminate means _.A.
22、avoid B.remove C.accept D.solve 3.According to the article,one thing you should pay attention to about making mistakes is _ A.taking consequences into account B.accepting the punishment willingly C.avoiding making the same mistakes D.trying things out one by one 4.What would the writer probably sugg
23、est we say to ourselves when we make a mistake?A.Never mind,I can always try again.B.Id better stay out of trouble.C.Ok!Now I can learn something.D.Look at this mess.Anyone would be upset.参考答案 14、DACA 【2021 高考训练】阅读以下短文，从每一小题所给的四个选项A、B、C 和 D中，选出最正确选项。It was one of the hottest days of the dry season.W
24、e had not seen rain in almost a month.The crops were dying.Cows had stopped giving milk.The streams were long gone back into the earth.If we didnt see some rain soon we would lose everything.I was in the kitchen making lunch for my husband and his brothers when I saw my six-year old son,Billy,walkin
25、g toward the woods.He was obviously walking with a great effort.trying to be as still as possible.Minutes after he disappeared into the woods,he came running out again,toward the house.Moments later,however,he was once again walking in that slow purposeful long step toward the woods.This activity we
26、nt on for over an hour:walking cautiously to the woods,then running back to the house.Finally,my curiosity got the best of me.I crept out of the house and followed 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。him on his journey.He was cupping both hands in front of him as he
27、 walked;being very careful not to spill the water he held in them.Branches and thorns slapped his little face but he did not try to avoid them.He had a much greater purpose.As I leaned in to spy on him,I saw the most amazing site.Several large deer appeared threatening in front of him.But Billy walk
28、ed right up to them.I almost screamed for him to get away.And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground,obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion,lift its head with great effort to lap up the water cupped in my beautiful boys hand.I stood on the edge of the woods watching the most
29、 beautiful heart I have ever known working so hard to save a life.As the tears that rolled down my face began to hit the ground,they were suddenly joined by other drops.and more drops.and more.I looked up at the sky.It was as if God,Himself,was weeping with pride.1.Why did the author follow her son?
30、A.Because there might be danger.B.Because her son was doing a good deed.C.Because she intended to help.D.Because she was curious.2.Which of the following statements is Not True according to the passage?A.Rain was in great need.B.Billy carried water with his small hands.C.There were few trees in the
31、woods.D.Billy walked into the woods and then returned over and over again.3.Which is the correct order of the development of the story?The author was moved to tears.Billy fed the water to the baby deer.本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。Billy walked towards the lar
32、ge deer.It began to rain.The author followed Billy into the woods.A.B C.D.4.At the end of the story,the author might experience different feelings Except that _ A.Billy was a pride.B.God was touched by Billys activity.C.the rain should have dropped earlier.D.it was worthwhile to have given birth to
33、Billy.参考答案 14、DCBC 【2021 高考训练】阅读以下短文，从每一小题所给的四个选项A、B、C 和 D中，选出最正确选项。Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likel
34、y to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩)and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which
35、 point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.The study test
36、ed 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our
37、hearts can also affect what we see and what we dont seeand guide whether we see fear.To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a persons feeling of fear.“We have found an important mechanism by which th
38、e heart and brain speak to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，Dr Garfinkel said.“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced,we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those wh
39、o may be suffering from serious stress disorder.1What is the finding of the study?A.Ones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.B.Fear is a result of ones relaxed heartbeat.C.Fear has something to do with ones health.D.Ones heart affects how he feels fear.2The study was carried out by analyzing _.
40、A.volunteers reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans B.the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions C.volunteers heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures D.different pictures shown to volunteers and their heartbrain communication 3 Which of the follow
41、ing is closest in meaning to the underlined word“mechanism in Paragraph 6?A.Order.B.Machine.C.System.D.Treatment.4This study may contribute to _ A.explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety B.treating anxiety and stress better 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。C.fin
42、ding the key to the heartbrain communication D.understanding different fears in our hearts and heads 参考答案 14、DACB 【2021 高考训练】阅读以下短文，从每一小题所给的四个选项A、B、C 和 D中，选出最正确选项。Beijing Opera is also called Peking Opera.It came into being after 1790 when the famous four Anhui opera troupe(戏班)came to Beijing.Its mu
43、sic and singing came from Xipi and Er-huang in Anhui and Hubei.Its costtumes are all fascinating and artistic.It is the highest expression of the Chinese culture.Its full of famous stories,beautiful facial paintings,and wonderful gestures and fighting.This kind of opera is very popular with Chinese
44、people.There are four main roles in Beijing Opera:Sheng,Dan,Jing and Chou.Sheng is the leading male actor。For example,a Wusheng is a soldier or fighter.A Xiaosheng is a young man.A Laosheng is the comedy actor or clown.Dan is the female role.Jing，mostly male,is the face-painted role and Chou is the
45、comedy actor or clown.Stories in Beijing Opera are very interesting.Some of them are from the history book,but most of them are from the literature,especially famous novels.The people in the story usually have some disagreements.They become angry and unhappy.They are sad and lonely.Sometimes they ar
46、e nervous and worried.Then they find a way to make peace.The stories usually end with happiness and laughter and people are all happy in the end.1Beijing Operas singing is from _.A.the literature and novels B.Beijing and Anhui C.the history book D.Anhui and hubei 2The second paragraph(段落)of the read
47、ing is about the _of Beijing Opera.A.roles B.stories C.gestures D.Paintings 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。3From the reading,we know the Chou most probably has a(n)_feature.A.honest B.dull C.funny D.serious 4Which of the following statements is TURE?A.There are only four roles in Beijing Opera.B.Peking Opera is full of different gestures.C.Beijing Opera is the most popular in the world.D.The people in the story usually are in agreement.参考答案 14、DACB 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。