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1、 1 介词构成的动词短语 1.up 1)向上（toward or into a higher position）lift up 举起 climb up 爬上 come up 上升 get up 起来 stand up 站起来 pick up 捡起 draw up 升起 grow up 长大 hand up 拖起 put up 举起 send up 使上升 rise up 升起 look up 抬起头 zip up 拉上 hold up 举起 pile up 堆起 dig up 挖出 take up 拿起 build up 树立 set up 建立 2)完成,结束(expressing comp
2、leteness and finality)finish up 完成 drink up 喝干 eat up 吃光 burn up 烧光 wash up 洗净 use up 用光 fill up 装满 pay up 付清 settle up 解决 lick up 甜净 sum up 总结,open up 透露 end up 结束 let up 中止,减少 draw up 停止 close up 停止,关闭 beat up 痛打 cover up 掩盖 swallow up 吞没 wind up 结束 break up 结束,分解 3)离开,消灭(expressing separation and
3、 destroy)break up 拆开,驱散 cut up 切碎 split up 分裂 divide up 分割 smash up 捣毁 blow up 炸毁 wither up 枯死 tear up 撕碎 give up 放弃 fold up 垮台 dry up 枯竭,干涸 crack up 撞坏 clutter up 使散乱 litter up 乱丢杂物 4)增加,变强(to a state of greater activity,force,strength,power and degree.(1).mount up 增加 pick up 振作,加快 pluck up 振作 turn
4、 up 开打,开大,出现 shake up 震惊 steam up 使发怒 stir up 激起,搅起 ease up 放松 warm up 兴奋 speak up 大声说 heat up 变热 total up 加总 tense up 紧张 gather up 收集 speed up 加速 screw up 振作 build up 增大 show up 显现 cheer up 振作起来 stir up 刺激 work up 激动,刺激(2).用在带-en后缀的动词后（used after the verbs with suffix of-en）brighten up 发亮 fatten up
5、 发胖 freshen up 使新鲜 harden up 变硬 sharpen up 变快 smarten up 变精明 strengthen up 加强 sweeten up 变甜 tighten up 使紧密 toughen up 使强壮 soften up 变软 5).变好,改善(as to be better and proper)bring up 抚育 check up 核对 clear up 清理,晴天 clean up 整理 do up 整理 patch up 修理 polish up 擦亮,改进 light up 点亮 tune up 调整 tidy up 整理 rub up
6、擦亮 train up 训练,培养 make up 化装,和解,弥补 buy up 囤积 figure up 计算 fix up 修理,整理 take up 从事 6)关住,锁紧,固定住(firmly,tightly and closely)shut up 关闭 lock up 锁住 tie up 栓住 chain up 锁住 nail up 钉住 fasten up 系住 pin up 钉住 bind up 装订 bar up 关住 block up 堵塞 choke up 堵塞 store up 贮藏 stock up 储存 cover up 掩盖 wrap up 包住 lay up 储存
7、 hold up 延误 keep up 坚持 save up 存起 7)向说话人的方向（to the place where the speaker is）go up run up rush up drive up walk up catch up swim up march up come up 2.down 1)向下的位置（to or into a lower position）cast down 扔下 cut down 砍倒 get down 下来 hand down 传下来 knock down 撞倒 2 lay down 放下 let down 放下 pour down 倾盆而下 p
8、ull down 拉下 set down 放下 sit down 坐下 step down 走下来 throw down 扔下 turn down 拆下 take down 取下 blow down 吹倒 bring down 打倒 hang down 垂下 sink down 沉落 slip down 失足 squat down 蹲下 swallow down 吞下 splash down 飞溅而下 stoop down 伏身 lie down 躺下 touch down 降落 bend down 弯下 bow down 鞠躬 kneel down 跪下 strip down 脱下 2)减少
9、（强度,量和体积）(a decrease in intensity,amount,bulk)dwindle down 减少 die down 变弱,逐渐停止 go down 平静下来 mark down 削减 hold down 压低 burn down(火)减弱,烧坏 slow down 慢下来 burn down 烧掉 wash down 冲淡 clean down 弄干净 rub down 擦干净 bring down 降低 keep down 缩减 trim down 裁减 water down 冲淡 thin down 减少 run down 用光衰弱 wear down 削减,磨损
10、 come down 下跌 knock down 降价 3)停止,减弱(to a state of less activity,force,strength and power)close down 关闭 drop down 突然停止 run down 停止 cool down 冷静下来 turn down 拒绝 die down 停止 lay down 失望 put down 镇压 settle down 平静下来 break down 坏了,中止 4)紧紧地,牢牢地(firmly,tightly)fasten down 系牢 chain down 链住,栓住 clamp down 夹住 n
11、ail down 钉住 pin down 扣牢 hammer down 钉上 tie down 栓住 bind down 捆绑 draw down 停下来 5)写下,记下(on paper or in writing)write down 写下 copy down 抄下 note down 记下 take down 记下 put down 记下 get down 记下 have down 写下 3.on 1)继续(continuously)carry on drive on fight on hold on keep on live on sleep on sing on walk on go
12、 on hurry on move on read on follow on struggle on insist on 坚持 2)连上,固定住,(in or into a state of being connected)act on 对起作用 catch on 抓牢 come on 跟随 count on 依赖 draw on 带上,穿上 fasten on 纠缠,抓牢 fit on 固定 get on 接近 paste on 粘住 turn on 打开 switch on 打开 pin on 钉住 put on 穿上 try on 试穿 pull on 穿上 hang on 不挂断 bu
13、ild on 建立于 leave on 留住 take on 穿下 rely on 依靠 depend on 依靠 3)向前,向上(forward,onward)add on 加上 mark on 标上 paint on 漆上 press on 向前 pass on 传递 send on 转送 stamp on 盖章于 get on 上车 hand on 传送 4)开始某活动(in or into an active operation)work on 从事 fall on 攻击 hit on 突然向起 bring on 引起 get on 取得进展 look on 旁观,观看 call on
14、 拜访 figure on 打算,希望 fix on 决心 get on 进步,友好相处 pick on 批评 plan on 打算 decide on 决定 reflect on 思考,反思 remark on 评论,议论 settle on 决定 spur on 鼓励 urge on 督促 4.off 1)离开(indicating departure)blow off 吹掉 drive off 击退 get off 下车,动身 lift off 离开地面 make off 逃走 3 move off 离去 pack off 打发走 see off 送行 ship off 运往 start
15、 off 动身 send off 送行,解雇 call off 叫走 let off 放出 take off 起飞 touch off 发射 give off 发出 clear off 走开 carry off 夺走 2)去掉,断开(indicating removal or disconnection)cut off 切断 tear off 扯掉 take off 拿走 chip off 切下 come off 脱落 cross off 除去 drop off 跌落 fall off 脱落 flick off 弹掉 peel off 剥掉 pull off 撕开 rub off 擦掉 scr
16、ape off 挂去 shave off 剃去 wash off 洗掉 shake off 抖落 throw off 扔开 rip off 扯开 turn off 关掉 strip off 脱去 switch off 关掉 take off 脱掉 shut off 关掉 wear off 磨损 go off 爆炸 break off 中断 3)完成,停止(indicating completion)finish off 结束 pay off 付清 break off 停止,中断 send off 结束 leave off 停止 pass off 终止,停止 sign off 停止播音 wear
17、 off 消失,write off 注销,购销 bring off 完成 call off 取消 lay off 停止,解雇 4)着地(off to the ground)fall off 落下 jump off 跳下 knock off 击倒 slip off 滑倒 5.in 1)进入,向里(into,inside,indoors)barge in 闯入 beat in 打进 break in 闯入,插嘴 breathe in 吸入 burst in 闯入,打断 drop in 偶然拜访 fall in 跌入 get in 插入,收进 knock in 打入 lead in 导入 let i
18、n 进入,嵌入 move in 迁入 step in 走进 settle in 迁入 smuggle in 偷偷运进 cut in 插嘴 call in 来访 draw in（火车）进站 intervene in 介入 involve in 卷入 2)包围,关闭(to be surrounded,or enclosed)close in 包围,封闭 lock in 禁闭 shut in 关进 wall in 围住 3)加入,记入(to be added,or included)book in 登记 check in 签到 count in 记入 fill in 填入 hand in 交上 ta
19、ke in 吸收 send in 呈交 6.out 1)向外（away from the inside,outside）keep out 使在外 take out 拿出 put out 放出,伸出 come out 长出,bring out 拿出 bar out 关在外 breathe out 呼吸出 eat out 出去吃 get out 弄出 go out 出去 lay out 摆开,展示 lock out 关在外面 look out 向外看 move out 搬出 point out 指出 pour out 诉说 pull out 拉出 ship out 运出 stick out 伸出
20、spit out 吐出 beat out 敲出 knock out 敲出 dine out 外出吃饭 drive out 驾车外出 leak out 漏出 draw out 拉出 see out 送出门去 draw out 出站 let out 放出,释放 2)结束,消失,取消(to or at an end,not to be there or not to exist)burn out 烧尽,烧断 clear out 清除 dust out 清除 fade out 消失 put out 扑灭 run out 用完 use out 耗尽 give out 耗尽 comb out 淘汰 kic
21、k out 逐出 wipe out 消灭 die out 灭绝 rub out 擦掉 blot out 除去 blow out 吹熄 bleach out 漂白 carry out 完成,执行 leave out 省去 see out 完成 go out 熄灭 come out 罢工,结果 cut out 删去,停止 hold out 坚持到底 sell out 买完 tire out 筋疲力尽 wear out 磨损 4 3)大声（in a loud voice,aloud）sing out cry out shout out call out,喊,申斥 spell out speak ou
22、t scream out read out yell out sob out burst out 咆哮 4)分发,传开(to a number of people or in all directions)give out 分发 spread out 传开 set out 出发 hand out 分发 share out 分配 divide out 分配 call out 出动 start out 出发 send out 发送 break out 爆发,逃脱 serve out 分发口粮 drop out 离开,退出 5)搞清,弄明白(in or into notice and clearne
23、ss)find out 找出 figure out 算出,解决 make out 弄清 count out 点清 come out 出版,出现 catch out 看出 carry out 完成,bear out 证明 bring out 发表,说出 fill out 使完全,添满 write out 写出 7.over 1)向下(downwards from an upright position)knock over 撞倒 turn over 翻转 fall over 脸朝下跌倒 trip over 拌倒 bend over 伏身 look over 从上面看 2)自始至终,通过,重复(f
24、rom beginning to end,through,again and again)look over 调查 think over 考虑 see over 查看 run over 匆匆看 talk over 商量 call over 点名 read over 读一遍 go over 复习 do over 重复 glance over 浏览 skip over 略过 ponder over 思考 3)向上,向外,(indicating motion upwards or outwards)run over 溢出 spill over 溢出 boil over 因沸溢出 throw over
25、 呕吐 4)经过(from one side to the other,across a space or distance)jump over climb over come over go over swim over pass over walk over move over fly over run over 5)结束,完成(finished,at an end)get over 结束,熬过 stand over 延期 stop over 逗留 hang over 延期 throw over 抛弃 go over 看完 leave over 剩下 6)转变,改变(indicating
26、transference and change)hand over 移交 take over 接管 buy over 收买 come over 过来 get over 战胜,克服 gain over 争取过来 win over 争取过来 switch over 转交 turn over 变动,交付 make over 移交 7)由于(because of)cry over 因哭 laugh over 笑 fuss over 因着急 8.away 1)离开(to a distance,to another place)go away 走开 run away 跑开 walk away 走开 rid
27、e away 开走 move away 移开 take away 拿走 carry away 运走 clear away 收走 draw away 拉走 get away 逃走,离开 put away 收起来 break away 逃脱 come away 离开 keep away 不准接近 2)减少,减弱(indicating loss,lessening,weakening)burn away 烧尽 brush away 刷掉 die away 消失 drain away 流走 melt away 融化 pass away 消失 rub away 擦掉 wash away 冲走 wipe away 擦掉 boil away 汽化 3)(indicating separation,apart)cut away 切掉 give away 赠送 put away 抛弃,收起