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1、1.clothes,cloth,clothing clothes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth 指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用 a piece of,an article of 2.amount,number amount 后接不可数名词，number 后接可数名词 a number of students 3.sound,voice,noise sound 自然界各种各样的声音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音 I hate the loud noise outside.4.cause,reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接
2、原因，后接 of sth./doing sth，reason 用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接 for sth./doing sth.the reason for being late 5.exercise,exercises,practice exercise 运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises 练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习 Practice makes perfect.6.officer,official officer 部队的军官，official 政府官员 an army officer 7.work,job 二者均指工作。work 不可数，job 可数 a
3、good job 8.cook,cooker cook 厨师，cooker 厨具 He is a good cook.9.problem,question problem 常和困难连系，前面的动词常为 think about,solve,raise，question 常和疑问连系，多和 ask,answer连用 10.a number of,the number of a number of 许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.11.chick,chicken 二者均可指小鸡，chic
4、ken 还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious.12.trip,journey,travel,voyage travel 是最常用的，trip 指短期的旅途，journey 指稍长的旅途，voyage 指海上航行 a three-day trip 13.in front of,in the front of in front of 范围外的前面，in the front of 范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.14.three of us,the three of us three of us 我们（不止三个）中的三个
5、，the three of us 我们三个（就三个人）The three of us-Tom,Jack and I went to the cinema.15.by bus,on the bus by bus 表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus 表范围 They went there by bus.16.for a moment,for the moment for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment 暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment,he agreed.17.in a word,in words in a word 总之，一句话，in
6、 words 口头上 In a word,you are right.18.in place of,in the place of in place of 代替，in the place of 在地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.19.go to sea,by sea,by the sea go to sea 当海员，出航，by sea 乘船，由海路，by the sea 在海边 go by sea 20.the doctor and teacher,the doctor and the teacher the doc
7、tor and teacher 指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher 两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is 21.in office,in the office in office 在职的，in the office 在办公室里 He is in office,not out of office.22.in charge of,in the charge of in charge of 管理，负责照料，in the charge of 由照料 He is in charge of the matter.The
8、 matter is in the charge of her.23.out of question,out of the question out of question 毫无疑问的，out of the question 不可能的 24.a second,the second a second 又一，再一，the second 第 He won the second prize.25.by day,by the day by day 白天，by the day 按天计算 The workers are paid by the day.26.it,one it 同一物体，one 同类不同一
9、I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.27.none,nothing,no one none 强调有多少，nothing,no one 强调有没有，nothing 指物，no one 指人-How many/How much?-None.28.other,another other 后接名词复数，another 后接名词单数 other students,another student 29.not a little,not a bit not a little 非常，not a bit 一点也不 Im not a bit tired.我一点儿也不累。30
10、.many,much,a lot of many 和可数名词连用，much 和不可数名词连用，a lot of 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I havent many books.31.no,not no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water 32.no more than,not more than no more than 相当于 only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过 33.tall,high tall 常指人或动物，high 常指物体 He is tall.34.fast,q
11、uickly fast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast,answer the question quickly 35.high,highly high 具体的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的 think highly of 36.sleeping,asleep,sleepy sleeping 正在睡觉，asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy 困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep.Im sleepy.37.respectful,respectable respectfu
12、l 尊敬，有礼貌，respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged 38.pleasant,pleased,pleasing pleasant 常用作定语，pleased,pleasing 常用作表语，pleased 主语常为人，pleasing 主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.39.close,closely close 接近，靠近，closely 紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected,stand close 40.ill,sick ill 做表语，sick 定，表均可 a si
13、ck boy 41.good,well good 形容词，well 副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.42.hard,hardly hard 努力，hardly 几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.43.late,lately late 迟，晚，lately 最近，近来 I havent seen him lately.44.living,alive,live,lively living,alive,live 均为活着的，living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定语后置，live 只能做定语，lively 意为活波的 a
14、ll the living people=all the people alive 45.excited,exciting excited 使人兴奋的，exciting 令人兴奋的 Im excited.The news is exciting.46.deep,deeply deep 具体的深，deeply 抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved,dig deep 47.before long,long before before long 不久以后，long before 很久以前 not long before=before long 48.instead,instead of ins
15、tead 是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of 是介词短语，放在句中 He didnt see a film.Instead he watched TV.He watched TV instead of seeing a film.49.too much,much too too much 后接不可数名词，much too 后接形容词 much too heavy 50.raise,rise raise 及物动词，rise 不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.51.bring,take,carry,fetch bring 拿来，take 带走，carry 随
16、身携带，fetch 去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk 52.spend,take,pay,cost spend 人做主语，花钱，花时间;spendon sth./in doing sth;take 物做主语，花时间;pay 人做主语，花钱，pay for;cost 物做主语，花钱 53.join,join in,take part in join 加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in 参加小型的活动,join sb.in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.54.leave,leave
17、 for leave 离开，leave for 前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.55.used to,be used to used to 过去常常，be used to 习惯于，后接 sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth.He is used to getting up early.56.win,lose,beat win 后接 sth.，反义词为 lose,beat 后接 sb.win the game,beat them 57.live on,live by live on 以为主食，live by 靠谋生 live on fish/
18、live by fishing 58.lose,miss lose 失去（具体的物体），错过 sth.is lost,lose the chance；miss 想念，错过 sth.is missing,miss the chance 59.be tired of,be tired with/from be tired of 厌烦，be tired with/from 因为而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters 60.care about,care for care about 关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for 关心，照料，喜欢，
19、愿意 He doesnt care about his clothes.I dont care for movies.61.feed,raise feed 喂养，养活，饲养(to give food to)，raise 饲养，养育(cause to grow,bring up children)raise the family 62.mean to do,mean doing mean to do 打算，想要做某事，mean doing 意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more practice.63.a girl,one girl a g
20、irl 可泛指所有女孩,one girl 一个女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?64.in place of,in the place of in place of 代替，in the place of 在地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.65.in secret,in the secret in secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret 知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语 My mother was in the secret from th
21、e beginning.66.take a chair,take the chair take a chair 相当于 sit down 坐下，take the chair 开始开会 67.die from,die of die from 表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of 表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold 68.pay for,pay back,pay off pay for 为付钱，pay back 还钱，但不一定还清，pay off 还清 pay for the book,pay off the d
22、ebt 69.arrive,get,reach arrive 不及物动词，后接 in(大地点)，at(小地点)，get 不及物动词后接 to，reach 及物动词 arrive in Beijing,get to Beijing,reach Beijing 70.manage,try manage to do 设法做成了某事，try to do 尽力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam,but he failed.71.be familiar to,be familiar with be familiar to 某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar
23、 with 某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me.Im familiar with the book.72.agree with,agree to,agree on agree with 同意某人，agree to 同意某事，agree on 在上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you,agree to the plan 73.receive,accept receive 收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept 接受 I received a gift,but I didnt accept it.74.wear,put on,dress wear
24、和 dress表状态,wear 接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in,put on 表动作 Its cold outside.Put on your warm clothes.75.listen,hear listen 强调动作，hear 强调结果 I listened,but I heard nothing.76.look,see,watch look 看的动作，see 看的结果，watch 强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展 watch TV 77.lie,lay lie 躺，位于(lay,lain),说谎(lied,lied)，lay 平放(laid,laid)l
25、ay the book 78.hurt,injure,wound hurt 感情上受伤，injure 事故中受伤，wound 战争中受伤 He was wounded in the war.79.turn,get,grow turn 表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get 强调变的结果，grow 强调过程，逐渐的变化 turn yellow,get tired,grow big 80.happen,take place happen 偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，take place 必然性的发生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.81.a
26、t,in(表地点)at 小地点，in 大地点 arrive at a small village,arrive in Shanghai 82.increase to,increase by increase to 增长到，increase by 增长了 The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.83.since,for(完成时间状语)since 接点时间或一句话，for 接一段时间 for three years,since 3:00 84.on earth,on the earth,in the earth on earth 在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一
27、点也不，on the earth 在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth 85.in surprise,to ones surprise in surprise 惊奇地，to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是，86.in the air,on the air,in the sky in the air 正在酝酿中，on the air 播送，广播，in the sky 在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.87.through,across through 穿越空间，across 在
28、上穿过 through the forest,across the desert 88.on the way,in the way on the way 在前往的路上，in the way 挡路 The chair is in the way.89.above,on,over above 在上面，不接触，on 在上面，接触，over 在正上方 fly over the hill 90.until,notuntil until 到为止，notuntil 直到才（常跟点动词连用）I waited until 3:00.He didnt come until 3:00.91.besides,exce
29、pt,except for besides 除了还（包括在内）except 除了（不包括在内），except for 整体除了某一点以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.92.whether,if 当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用 whether，当如果解时用 if I dont know if/whether he will come.If he comes,Ill let you know.93.because,since,as,for 原因由强到弱为：because,since/as,
30、for.在句中的位置如下：1)because 2)Since/as,3),for Since I was ill,I didnt go.94.when,as,while(表时间)when 从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as 重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，while 从句动词为持续性动词 While I slept,a thief broke in.95.the sameas,the samethat the sameas 和一样的（相似但不同一），the samethat 同一物体 This is the same pen that I used yesterday.(同一支笔)96.as
31、 well,as well as as well 也，常放于句末，和 and 连用表示既又；as well as 并列连词，不但而且 He is a professor,and a writer as well.97.suchas,suchthat suchas 像样的，suchthat 如此以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like.He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.99.because,because of because 连词，连接两句话，because of 介词短语，后接词或短语 He didnt go to school because of his illness.100.in order that,in order to 表目的，in order that 后接句子，in order to 后接动词原形 I got up early in order to catch the first bus.I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.