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1、第 1 页 第二章 短文改错 高考短文改错题着重考察考生语言根本功与正确使用英语进展表达能力。此题型不仅要求考生结实掌握一定词汇与语法知识，还要求考生具有一定阅读理解与逻辑推理能力。它是针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是在写作中常犯错误而设计，考生在平时写作中常出现错误是短文改错考察重点。近两年全国卷命题视角 工程 2021 2021 卷 卷 卷 卷 卷 考点分布 名词 1 1 1 1 1 动词 2 4 2 3 3 形容词 0 0 2 2 0 副词 1 0 1 0 2 代词 1 3 2 1 1 连词 2 1 0 1 0 介词 1 0 1 1 1 冠词 1 1 1 1 1 从句 1 0 0 0
2、1 类型 错词 8 8 8 8 8 少词 1 1 1 1 1 多词 1 1 1 1 1 第 2 页 命题规律 短文改错通常从词法、句法与行文逻辑三个角度设题，要求考生识别并纠正短文中语言知识错误。短文改错错误类型有多词、缺词与错词三种，在文章 10 个错误中，以错词设计为主导。Passage 1(2021全国卷)假定英语课上教师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加词。删除：把多余词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后
3、词。修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me，he hopes that our business will grow
4、 steady.答案：My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to thatwhere I live.Though not very big,the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.第 3 页 Some people even hadhave to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesthonesty.Every d
5、ay he makes sure that fresh vegetables orand high quality oil are usingused for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in thea short period of time.Instead,he hopes that ourhis business will grow steadysteadily.Passage 2(2021全国卷)假定英语课上教师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多
6、有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加词。删除：把多余词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay a
7、t home，第 4 页 it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a g
8、ood idea.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.答案：The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about howwhat to do during the holiday.We can chosechoose between staying at home and taketaking a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable butand there is no need to spend mo
9、ney.But in that case,we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad,we can broaden yourour view and gain knowledgesknowledge we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we/canshould go to places of interest nearby.I thoughtthink that it is a good idea.It does not cost manymuch，yet w
10、e can still learn a lot.第 5 页 Passage 3(2021全国卷)假定英语课上教师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加词。删除：把多余词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time
11、for me.They were also the best and worse years in my life.At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.However，my parents didnt seem to think such.They always tell me what to do and how to do it.At one time，I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I co
12、uld be freely from them.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.Now I am leaving home to college.At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.答案：The teenage yearyears from 13 to 19 were the most difficult 第 6 页 time for me.They were al
13、so the best and worseworst years in my life.At first,I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourselfmyself.However,my parents didnt seem to think suchso.They always telltold me what to do and how to do it.At one time，I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be
14、 freelyfree from them.I showed them I was independent by wearwearing strange clothes.Now I am leaving home tofor college.At last，I will be on my own,but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.一、真题再现 Passage 1(2021 全国卷)When I was a childunately，on the development of industriali
15、zation，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so，well live
16、to regret it.第 7 页 答案：When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I thinkthought I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean orand the mountains are green.Unfortunately,onwith the development of industrialization,the environment has be
17、en polluted.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriouslyserious problem.The airsair we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.MuchMany rare animals are dying out.We must foundfind ways to protect yourour/the environment.If we fail to do so,well live to regret
18、 it.Passage 2(2021 全国卷)One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony w
19、as scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him 第 8 页 crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.Tony promised her that this would never happen again.答案：One day,little Tony went to a shopping center
20、 with his parentparents.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy onin a shop window.He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop.After lookslooking at the toy for some time,he turned around and found wherethat/his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begunbegan to cry.A woman saw him cryin
21、g and tellingtold him to wait outside athe shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terribleterribly worried.Tony promised her that this would never happen again.二、提升演练 Passage 1 On the first day when I went to high school，I felt 第 9 页 exciting.Afte
22、r 9 years study，I felt I was so closely to university.During the first year，I make many friends.I got to know all of my classmates.Because the school work was tough，I shared happiness and sorrow for my friends.When second year came，I was arranged to other class.I was worried that no one could talk t
23、o me，but I made new friends quickly.Now it is the last year of my high school life，but Im determined to study more harder and make greater progress.High school life is challenging for me，but I wont give out.答案：On the first day when I went to high school,I felt excitingexcited.After 9 years study,I f
24、elt I was so closelyclose to university.During the first year,I makemade many friends.I got to know all of my classmates.BecauseAlthough/Though the school work was tough,I shared happiness and sorrow forwith my friends.When second year came,I was arranged to otheranother class.I was worried that no
25、one could talk to me,but I made 第 10 页 new friends quickly.Now it is the last year of my high school life，butand Im determined to study harder and make greater progress.High school life is challenging for me,but I wont give outup.Passage 2 Smile is a magic language that everyone can easily understan
26、d whenever he or she comes from.Smile is as the golden sunshine that brings warmth to people and makes him happy.Smile is shortest distance between people and it is a good way to show off friendliness to others.More important，smile conveyed a kind of positive energy to people.When you are happy，smil
27、e brightens your face.When you feel frustrating，you should also smile to cheer yourself up.Smile can give you confidences and make you strong.Smiling at the world and the world will smile back!答案：Smile is a magic language that everyone can easily understand wheneverwherever he or she comes from.Smil
28、e is aslike the golden sunshine that brings warmth to people and makes himthem happy.Smile is shortest distance between people 第 11 页 and it is a good way to show friendliness to others.More importantimportantly，smile conveyedconveys a kind of positive energy to people.When you are happy,smile brightens your face.When you feel frustratingfrustrated，you should also smile to cheer yourself up.Smile can give you confidencesconfidence and make you strong.at the world and the world will smile back!