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1、专题十八阅读表达高考英语高考英语(天津市专用)A A组自主命题组自主命题天津卷题组天津卷题组Passage1(2018天津夏)Somepeoplelivetoclimbthehighestmountains.Somepeopleliveonlydreamingaboutitwhileotherslivetoavoideverclimbingatall.Butonethingiscertain,allpeopleencountermountainsintheirlife.WhenIwasalittlegirl,myfamilymovedtoatinytownatthebottomofabigmo
2、untain.Onedayafterschool,whileexploringthegreenwoodsofthismagnificentmountain,Ialmostfellonasetofstairs.Whatcouldthesestepsleadto?CuriositygotthebestofmeasIknewitwouldbestartingtogetdarksoon.Istartedclimbingupthosestrangelymysterioussteps.Iclimbedandclimbed.Therewasnothingbutjustgreenbushesandtheses
3、teps.Ihadtoreachthetop!Butitwasnowgettingrealdark.IfIkeptgoingImightnotbeabletoseemywayback.MymumwouldbeworriedsickifIdidn tcomehomesoon.SoIranbackhomealmostinthedark五年高考whiletryingnottogettooscared.AnxiouslyIwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountain.Couldtherebeacastleupther
4、e?MaybeIwouldfindamonster(怪物).MaybeIwastakingtheriskofnevercomingbackhome.Or,maybeallIwouldfindwasabsolutelynothing!Butsomethingin-sidemewasgoingtoclimbthatmountainatallcost.Icouldhardlywaittotrythisadventurea-gain.Nowweliveinaworldsurroundedbythe“can tdo”attitudes.Weallfalldown.Weallhavedoubtsandre
5、grets.Stillwemustclimbanddreamaboutwhat satthetopofourmountain.Mon-stersmayappearorthenightwillfall.Butneverevergiveuponyourdream!Neverletanyonetellyou,“Youcan t.”Dreambigandclimbhigh!1.Whatmadetheauthorstarttoclimbupthestairstothemountaintop?(nomorethan5words)2.Whydidtheauthorhurrybackhomewithoutre
6、achingthetopofthemountain?Givetworeasons.(nomorethan15words)3.HowwouldyoudescribetheauthorintermsofpersonalitiesaccordingtoParagraph4?(nomorethan10words)4.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?(nomorethan5words)5.What syourattitudetowardsthe“mountain”inyourlife?Pleaseexplain.(nom
7、orethan20words)答案答案语篇解读本文为夹叙夹议文。每个人的一生中都会遇到“高山”,即“困难、障碍、失败、挑战等”,我们究竟应该采取什么样的态度来面对它呢?1.Curiositymadeherdoso.Or:Thedesiretoexplore.细节表达题。由第二段最后两句可知,在好奇心的驱使下,“我”开始爬山。2.Becauseitwasgettingdark,andshedidn twanthermothertoworryabouther.Or:Becauseshewasscared,andmightnotbeabletofindher/thewaybackhome.细节表达题
8、。由第三段最后三句“如果我继续攀登,我可能会看不见回去的路。如果我不能很快回到家,妈妈会极度担心的。因此我几乎是在黑暗中跑回家的,努力不让自己感到太害怕。”可知答案。3.Shehadrichimaginationandshewasbrave.Or:Shewasabraveanddeterminedgirlwithrichimagination.Or:Shewasimaginativeanddetermined,andshedaredtoexplore.Or:Shewasimaginative,adventurousanddetermined.推断表达题。由第四段内容“我急切地躺在床上想象着我会
9、在神奇的山顶发现什么。那儿会有城堡吗?或许我会发现一个怪物。或许我在冒着永远回不了家的风险。或许我什么也发现不了!但是我内心深处的某种东西让我打算不惜任何代价去攀登那座山。我几乎等不及再次冒险”可知答案。4.Weallsometimesfail.Or:Wefacefailure/defeat/hardships/challengesinlife.Or:Therearedifficulties/barriers/obstaclesinlife.Or:Werunintotroublesometimes.Or:Wehavetroubleinlife.猜词表达题。由画线句前一句“现在我们生活在一个被不
10、能做态度包围着的世界”和画线句后面两句“我们都有怀疑和遗憾。我们必须依然攀登并想象山顶有什么。”可推知,此处应为“生活中我们有时都会面临失败和困难”。5.IwilltrytoreachmygoalbecauseIwanttoliveanexcitinglife.Or:Iwilltrytoreach/gettothetopofthe“mountain”becauseIwanttobesuccessfulinlife.观点态度题。答案见仁见智,但态度必须是积极向上的。我们从文章中学到的应是:无论我们在生活中遇到什么样的困难,都应该积极面对,勇敢地去克服它们,努力实现自己的目标,成就积极的人生。难句
11、分析难句分析原句:AnxiouslyIwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmoun-tain.分析:现在分词短语dreamingabout.作wenttobed的伴随状语,what引导的名词性从句作介词about的宾语。译文:我急切地躺在床上想象着我会在神奇的山顶发现什么。重点词汇重点词汇dreamabout想象magnificentadj.壮丽的,宏伟的mysteriousadj.神秘的taketheriskof冒风险absolutelyadv.绝对地,完全地atallcost不惜任何代价Passage2(2018
12、天津春)Formanyteenagers,ajobisawaytoearnalittleextramoney.Forme,itismorethanthat.Attheageof16,Iwasofferedmyveryfirstjobasashopgirlinaclothingstore.Onthefirstday,mymanagerwastrainingmehowtofoldandorganizeplatformafterplatformofclothes.Theworkseemedoverwhelming,andeverythinghadtobedoneinanaccurateway.Igo
13、tsoimpatientbecauseIcouldn tgetitrightthefirstcoupleoftimes.Afterabouttentries,Ihadtheclothesfold-edperfectly.Thenittookmethirtyminutestogetthemalllookinguniform.Now,Ifoldandorga-nizeclotheseveryday,andI mabletodothemwell.Throughthisexperience,I velearnedtobepatient.Helpingcustomersandestablishingco
14、nnectionswiththemisoneofthethingsIlovemostaboutmyjob.Abouttwomonthsago,Ihelpedawomanwhowaslookingforadress.Shetoldmeexact-lywhatshewaspicturingabluedresswithlongsleevesandalaceneck.Wedidn thaveanysuchdress,andwhenIexplainedthattoher,shewasn tveryhappy.Insteadofgettingannoyed,Itriedgettingtoknowherab
15、itbetterandaskedwhatthedresswasfor,soIcouldfindotheritemsinhersizethatcouldwork.WesharedourloveoftheNetflixfashionshow,andsheendedupbuy-ing$200worthofnewclothes,havingfoundotheritemssheliked.Thisexperiencehastaughtmetobemoreopenwithstrangers.Everyjobhasitsshareoffrustrationsandchallenges;todowellyou
16、mustlearntodealwiththem.I velearnedthisfrommyownexperience,andithashelpedmeinotheraspectsofmylifeaswell.1.Whatwastheauthor sfirstjob?(nomorethan5words)2.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinPara.2?(nomorethan3words)3.Howdidtheauthormanagetomeetthecustomer sneedsinPara.3?(nomorethan15words)4.Howhasth
17、eauthor sworkexperiencechangedherinpersonality?(nomorethan10words)5.Whatjobwouldyouliketodo?Howcanyouhelppeopleinyourwork?(nomorethan20words)答案答案语篇解读本文为夹叙夹议文。文章是关于作者的工作经历及对生活的感悟的。主要讲述了作者在服装店当售货员的第一次工作经历,讲述了自己在店内整理衣服和与顾客沟通这两项工作内容。通过这次工作经历,作者学会了耐心做事以及如何与陌生人进行沟通。1.Sellingclothes.Or:Shesoldclothes.Or:Sh
18、eworkedasashopgirl.Or:Workinginaclothingstore.Or:Workingasashopgirl.Or:Shewasashopgirl.细节表达题。由题干中的关键词“firstjob”,定位到第二段。由第二段首句Attheageof16,Iwasofferedmyveryfirstjobasashopgirlinaclothingstore.可知,作者在服装店当售货员。2.Hugeanddifficult.Or:Toomuch/Beyondme.Or:Difficult/Tough/Hard/Frustrating.Or:Challeng-ing/Dema
19、nding.Or:Greatinamount.猜词表达题。“overwhelming”为形容词,用来描述名词work。由下一句的内容可知,这份工作“不容易”。3.Shelearnedaboutthecustomer sinterestandhelpedhergettheclothesthatsuitedher.Or:Bylearningaboutthecustomer stasteandwhatherdresswasfor.Or:Shehelpedthecustomertogettheclothessheliked.推断表达题。由第三段的Insteadofgettingannoyed,Itri
20、edgettingtoknowherabitbetterandaskedwhatthedresswasfor,soIcouldfindotheritemsinhersizethatcouldwork.可知,作者试着去了解顾客的品味,帮助顾客买到满意的衣服。4.Ithasmadeherpatientandmoreopenwithpeople/strangers.Or:Sheis(more)patientandmoreopenwithpeople/strangers.Or:Shehasbecome(more)patientandmoreopenwithpeople/strangers.Or:She
21、ismorepatientandopenfacingfrustrationsandchal-lenges.推断表达题。由第二段尾句和第三段尾句可推知,这份工作改变了作者的性格,使她更有耐心,面对陌生人时也更加坦诚。5.I dliketobeateacher.Icanhelpchildrenacquireknowledgeandgrowup.Or:I dliketobeadoctorsothatIcanimprovepeople shealthandsavetheirlives.Or:I dliketobeapoliceman.Icanprotectpeoplefromdangerandcrea
22、teasafelivingenviron-ment.观点态度题。结合文章中作者的经历及感受,设想自己想做的工作及能为他人做些什么。回答只要言之有理即可。词汇提示词汇提示1.extraadj.额外的2.accurateadj.精确的,准确的3.frustrationn.挫折,失败4.aspectn.方面长难句长难句Insteadofgettingannoyed,Itriedgettingtoknowherabitbetterandaskedwhatthedresswasfor,soIcouldfindotheritemsinhersizethatcouldwork.我没有生气,而是尝试稍微多了解
23、一下她并且问她买那条裙子是在什么场合穿的,以便我能找到其他大小合适且也适合在那种场合穿的裙子。本句为复合句。tried和asked为并列谓语;what引导宾语从句;so引导目的状语从句。Passage3(2017天津夏)Intheyearsofmygrowingup,Dadwasstrictwithme.HemadesureImademybedanddidmyhomework.Hewouldcallinadvancetomakesuretherewasnoalcoholattheparty.Igotsoangrywithhimforlayingdownthelaw.Iwouldscream,“
24、Ihateyou!”Dadwouldyellback,“Good!Idon tcare!”DeepdownIknewhedid.Onetimeataparty,Idranktoomuchalcoholandgotsosick.Isaid,“Callmydad.”Nextthing,Dadwascarryingmetothecar.Iwokeupthenextmorning,thinkingIwoulddefinitelybecriti-cised.Asexpected,Igotaroasting,butInowunderstandwhyIneededdiscipline.Dadwas29whe
25、nhegothisbigrolesinfilms.Ihadanearlystartattheageofninewitharoleina1990sTVseries,butitwasn tuntilIfinishedfilmstudiesthatIpursuedmycareerasanactress.LikethoseearlydaysforDad,Ifacedlotsofrejections.Workinginsuchacompetitiveindustry,Ivesometimesthought,“Ican tdothisanymore.”Once,afteratriptoHollywood,
26、IreturnedtoAustraliasodepressedandspentmonthsinmybed-roompainting,listeningtoEckhartTolle smusicandtryingtofindmyselfagain.Dadsatmedownandsaid,“Alice,Iknowit shard,butit sallaboutpersistence(坚持不懈).”NowIgettoworkwithDadalot,whichIlove.Wearebothpassionateaboutacting,whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedin
27、people.Ifitweren tforDad,Iwouldn tbewhereIamtoday.He smybiggestfan,andwhenyouhavethatinyourlifeyoucangoalongway.1.WhatrulesdidAlice sfathersetforherwhenshewasgrowingup?(nomorethan15words)2.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?(nomorethan5words)3.WhatdidAlice sfatherdowhenshefeltdepressed?(nomor
28、ethan5words)4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatdoAliceandherfatherhaveincommon?(nomorethan10words)5.WhatdoyouthinkofAlice sfather?Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan20words)答案答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,题材为个人经历类。作者讲述了成长过程中父亲对自己的影响。1.Sheshouldmakeherbed,doherhomeworkanddrinknoalcohol.Or:Makingherbed,doingherhomeworkanddrinkin
29、gnoalcohol.根据首段第一、二、三句中的Intheyearsofmygrowingup.HemadesureImademybedanddidmyhomework.Hewouldcallinadvancetomakesuretherewasnoalcoholattheparty.可知答案。2.Igot/wascriticised/scolded.根据前面的.thinkingIwoulddefinitelybecriticised.和Asex-pected的暗示可知答案。3.Heencouraged/comforted/inspiredher.根据第四段的内容可知答案。4.Theyareb
30、othpassionateaboutactingandinterestedinpeople.根据尾段第二句Wearebothpassionateaboutacting,whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople.可知答案。5.Heisagood/devoted/caring/lovingfatherbecausehewasstrictwithhisdaughterandencour-agedherwhenshewasintrouble.Or:Heisalwayssupportive/asourceofstrength.Wheneversheisintro
31、uble,heisthereforher.可结合文中体现父亲品质的细节来表达。长难句长难句原句:Wearebothpassionateaboutacting,whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople.分析:本句为复合句。主句为Wearebothpassionateaboutacting。bepassionateabout对狂热。which引导非限制性定语从句。comefrom源自;beinterestedin对感兴趣。介词from后接be动词的动名词形式,且动名词带有自己的逻辑主语(此处为宾格代词us)。译文:我们两个人都对表演极度热爱,这源自我们对人
32、的兴趣。重点词汇重点词汇inadvance预先,事先pursuev.追求,致力于competitiveadj.竞争性强的Passage4(2017天津春)WalterwasalwayssittinginthesamechairwhenIcametovisit.Hewouldlookupandsmilewhenhesawmeandpatthechairnexttohimformetositdown.Helovedtotellmeabouthislostgoldenyearswhenhewasanexcellentbaseballplayer.Iwasagoodlistener.Afteracou
33、pleofhoursoftalking,Iwouldshakehishandandsaygoodbyetohim.IhopedthatIbroughtalittlesunshineintoWalter slife.ImetWalterwhenIwasahighschoolstudentparticipatinginavolunteerprogramwithelderlypeopleinanursinghome.Itwasthefirstofmanysuchactivities,rangingfromplayingwithdis-abledchildrentosittingwithcancerp
34、atientsinahospital.Theseactivitiesseemedtosatisfymydesiretobeusefulandtofeelameaningfulconnectiontothelivesofothers.Myparentsinculcatedmewithabeliefthattherewasnogreaterhumanvaluethankindness,andencouragedmetomakehelpingothersandcontributingtosocietyimportantgoalsinlife.Volun-teerworkprovidedawayofa
35、ttemptingtorealizethetruthofthesemessages.Ilearnedthatvolunteerismisnotaone-wayactofhelpingsomeonelessfortunate.Involvementinthelifeofanotherpersonhasenrichedmylifeaswell.Seeinghowpeopledealwiththechallengesoftheirliveshastaughtmevaluablelessonsincourageanddignity.ManyofthepeoplewhomIhavemetasavolun
36、teerareanunforgettablepartofmylife.PerhapsIreceivedfarmorethanIevergave.Thisiswhyvolunteerismworkseachofushassomuchneedforhumanconnectionandsomuchtogivetoothers.1.WhatdidtheauthordoeverytimehevisitedWalter?(nomorethan10words)2.Whatwasthefirstactivitytheauthorgotinvolvedinasavolunteer?(nomorethan10wo
37、rds)3.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph3?(1word)4.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?(nomorethan10words)5.Ifyouaretobeavolunteer,whatwillyoudo?Whatcanyoubenefitfromthevolunteerwork?(nomorethan20words)答案答案语篇解读作者结合自己的志愿服务经历说了一些自己对志愿服务的看法。1.HelistenedtoWaltertalkingabouthislostgoldenyears.Or:He
38、actedasWalter slistener.细节理解题。由首段第三、四句Helovedtotellmeabouthislostgoldenyearswhenhewasanexcellentbaseballplayer.Iwasagoodlistener.可知答案。2.Visitingelderly/oldpeopleinanursinghome.Or:Hevisitedelderly/oldpeopleinanursinghome.Or:Avolunteerprogramwithelderlypeopleinanursinghome.细节理解题。由第二段第一、二句.participatin
39、ginavolunteerprogramwithelderlypeopleinanursinghome.Itwasthefirstofmanysuchactivities.可知答案。3.Taught/Instructed/Educated.词义猜测题。由画线词后面的内容可推知,此处应是“教导”的意思。4.Theauthorlearnedthatvolunteerismisnotaone-wayact.Or:Theauthorlearnedthatvolunteerismisatwo-wayact.Or:Theauthorhasbenefitedalotfromvolunteerism/hisv
40、olunteerwork.段落主旨题。由段落首句Ilearnedthatvolunteerismisnotaone-wayactofhelpingsomeonelessfortunate.可知答案。5.Iwilllookafterelderlypeopleinanursinghome.Icanlearnalotfromtheirpastexperience.Or:Iwillhelpdisabledchildren.Itcansatisfymydesiretobeuseful.Or:Iwillsitwithcancerpatients.Icanlearntodealwiththechalleng
41、esoflife.Or:Iwillbeavolunteertoprotecttheenvironment.Wecanliveinabetterandcleanerworld.Or:Iwillbeavolunteerinanimportantevent.Itcanbroadenmyhorizons.观点态度题。可结合文章细节来表达。词汇提示词汇提示1.lookup抬头看2.nextto紧挨着,紧邻3.dealwith处理,应对长难句长难句Thisiswhyvolunteerismworkseachofushassomuchneedforhumanconnectionandsomuchtogive
42、toothers.这就是志愿服务工作的意义所在我们每个人都如此需要有人情味的联系并且有如此多可以给予他人的东西。本句为复合句。why引导表语从句;破折号后面的内容是对前面内容的进一步解释。Passage5(2016天津)I ma34-year-oldman,married,liveinanicehouse,andhaveasuccessfulcareerasaneducation-alconsultant.Butmylifewasnotalwayssogreat.Ihadalearningdisabilityfromanearlyage.IwenttoaspecialschoolwhereIg
43、otplentyofextrahelp.Still,Isufferedtherestofmyschooldaysinpublicschools.MylifeimprovedremarkablywhenIdiscoveredart.Theartworldgavemeachancetoexpressmyselfwithoutwords.Iwenttoaworkshopandgraduallygotgoodatmakingthingswithclay(黏土).HereIlearnedmyfirstimportantlesson:disabledasIwasinlanguage,Icouldstill
44、besmartandwellexpressmyselfwithclay.Andmyconfidencecamealong.Igotmynextlessonfromrockclimbing.ItwasafunthingbutIwasscaredfromthestart.Isoonnoticeditwasn tatalentthing;itwaspractice.SoIdiditmore.Afteraboutfiveyearsofclimbing,IfoundmyselfinYosemiteValleyonabigwall.Ilearnedthatifyoufallinlovewithsometh
45、inganddoitallthetime,youwillgetbetteratit.LaterIdecidedtoapplymypreviousexperiencetolearninghowtoreadandwrite.EverydayIpracticedreadingandwriting,whichIusedtoavoidasmuchaspossible.Aftertwohardyears,Iwasliterate.Havinggonethroughthelongprocesswithart,rockclimbing,andreadingandwriting,nowI vegottoapoi
46、ntinmylifewhereIknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyun-known,hard,butinteresting.1.Whatmadetheauthor sschooldaysdifficult?(Nomorethan5words)2.Whydidartgivetheauthorconfidence?(Nomorethan10words)3.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromrockclimbing?(Nomorethan15words)4.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderli
47、nedpartinParagraph4?(Nomorethan5words)5.Howdoestheauthor sstoryinspireyoutoovercomedifficultiesinlife?Putitinyourownwords.(Nomorethan20words)答案答案语篇解读本文讲述作者通过学习艺术、攀岩得到了生活启示,并利用从艺术、攀岩中获得的启示来逐步克服读写障碍,随时准备投入到一个未知、艰难但有趣的领域当中。1.(His)Learningdisability.Or:Havingalearningdisability.Or:Thathewaslearningdisab
48、led.Or:Hehadalearningdisability.根据第一段第三句话可知答案。2.Hecouldbesmartandexpresshimselfwithclay.Or:Artcouldhelphimexpresshimselfwithoutwords.Or:Hecouldwellexpresshimselfwithclay/art.根据第二段第四句话可知答案。3.Ifyouenjoysomethingandkeepdoingit,youwillgetbetteratit.Or:Themoreyoupracticesomething,thebetteratityouwillbeco
49、me.Or:Practicemakesperfect.Or:Practiceleadstosuccess.根据第三段可知,如果你喜欢一件事情,不断练习之后,你就会更加擅长这件事。4.Icouldreadandwrite.根据第四段可知,作者想要利用之前学习艺术与攀岩的经验来学习读写。经过两年的刻苦努力,我终于变得literate,即我学会了读写。5.Weshouldnotloseheartinthefaceofdifficulties.Ifweworkhard,wewillfindawayout.Or:Theauthor sstorytellsmethatIshouldbeconfidenta
50、ndpracticehardtoovercomedifficultiesinmylife.Or:Weshouldovercomeourweaknessesandfearswithcourageanddetermination.根据全文可知,作者有读写障碍,但通过学习艺术、攀岩得到了自信和毅力,进而克服了读写障碍。因此,面对困境,我们需要自信和决心才能取得成功。词汇提示词汇提示1.remarkablyadv.引人注目地,显著地2.aneducationalconsultant教育咨询顾问3.plentyof大量的长难句长难句Havinggonethroughthelongprocesswitha