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1、 第 1 页 共 3 页 高考英语语法专题复习冠词高考四大考点 1.冠词的特指与泛指 冠词是历年来高考考查的重点，也是学生答题的难点。其解题的关键是对试题中所设定的语境的特指与泛指做出准确判断。如果试题涉及的是同类事物中不确定的一个，则用不定冠词；如果是特定的具体的一个，则用定冠词。例句：For him a stage is just a means of making a living.(山东)As he reached the front door,Jack saw a strange sight.(全国 II)3)Take your time-its just a short dista
2、nce from here to the restaurant.(山东)4)I ate a sandwich while I was waiting for the 20:08 train.（陕西）练习：1）_ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _ head.（浙江）A.An;the B.The;the C.An;不填 D.The;不填 2）_recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S.would be higher than the number of E
3、nglish speakers by _year 2090.A.A;the B.A;/C.The;/D.The;a 3)My neighbor asked me to go for _ walk,but I dont think Ive got _ energy.A.a;不填 B.the;the C.不填；the D.a;the（辽宁）4)We have every reason to believe that _ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be _ success.A./a B.the /C.the a D.a a（江苏）5)I like _ color
4、 of your skirt.It is _ good match for your blouse.A.a;the B.a;a C.the;a D.the;the（浙江）6)Of all reasons for my decision to become a university professor,my fathers advice was most important one.（辽宁）A.the;a B.不填；a C.不填;the D.the;the Key:1A 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.A 2.冠词的类指 类指是指具有共同性质或典型特征的事物的一个类别。专指，是指类别中的某个
5、或某些具体的人或事物。其用法具体分析如下：1)a/an+单数名词，指类别中任何一个所具有的特点。例如：A dog is a common animal.A car runs fast than a bus.2)the+单数名词，指的是整个类别所具有的特点，以区别于其它类别。例如：The compass was invented in China,but the computer was not.The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.3)复数名词前面没有任何冠词，表示整个类别的共同特点。例如：I saw tigers in the zoo.Hors
6、es are useful animals.4)物质名词、抽象名词前面没有任何冠词表示整个类别所具有的特点。例如：Air is invisible but water is.Failure is the mother of success.5)the+形容词表示一类人或事物。例如：We must show respect to the old.The young are the future of our country.第 2 页 共 3 页 练习：1）I know you dont like_music very much.But what do you think of_music in
7、 the film we saw yesterday?（全国 2）A./;/B.the;the C.the;/D./;the 2）The biggest whale is _ blue whale,which grows to be about 29 meters long the height of _9-story building.(北京)A.the;the B.a;a C.a;the D.the;a 3）Many people have come to realize that they should go on balanced diet and make room in their
8、 day for exercise.A.a;/B.the;a C.the;the D./;a（江西）4）Washing machines made by China have won_worldwide attention and Haier has become _popular name.(重庆)A.a;the B./;a C./;the D.the;a 5）In many places in China,_ bicycle is still _ popular means of transportation.A.a;the B./;a C.the;a D.the;the（重庆）6）It
9、is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man.A.a;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;不填（2011 全国 1）Key:1.D 2.D.3.A 4.B 5.C 6.A 3.冠词的习惯用法 冠词的习惯用法也是试题经常考查的内容，它往往没有规律可循。解决这类问题，需要考生的平常积累。例句：1）The book tells a life story of John Smith,who left school and worked for a newspaper at the age o
10、f 16.2)Students should be encouraged to use the Internet as a resource.（山东）3)We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across the continent.4)First impressions are the most lasting.After all,you never get a second chance to make the first impression.练习：1.To tell _ truth,his com
11、ing is really _ big surprise to most people present at the party.A.不填；a B.the;不填 C.the;a D.不填;不填 2.The students were studying in _ classroom when,all of _ sudden,the lights went out.A.不填;不填 B.a;the C.the;a D.the;不填 3.My mother asked me to repeat_telephone number_second time so that she could write i
12、t down.A.the;a B.a;the C.an;a D.the;the 4.I wonder what it feels to be one of _ really rich.The Browns already have two Rolls Royce and now they are buying _ third.A.the;a B.the;the C.不填;a D.the;a 5.Everything comes with price;there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.A.a,a B.the,不填 C.the,
13、a D.a,不填（重庆）第 3 页 共 3 页 6.There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _ space,about 900 of which could fall down onto _ earth.(全国卷 1)Athe;the B.不填;the Cthe;不填 Da;the Key:1.C 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.D 6.B 4.冠词灵活运用的考查 随着高考的不断改革和发展，对冠词的考查多次出现在具体语境中灵活运用的题目。一些冠词的常规用法随着语境的变化发生了相应的变化。例句：1）George couldnt remember when he
14、first met Mr.Anderson,but he was sure it was a Sunday because everybody was at church.（重庆）2)Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons,please?-Sorry,we dont have a Johnson here in the village.（全国 2）练习：1）-Hello,could I speak to Mr.Smith?-Sorry,wrong number.There isnt_ Mr.Smith here.（全国 1）A.不填 B.a C.th
15、e D.one 2）Dr.Peter Spence,headmaster of the school,told us,fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.（2011 四川）A.不填；A B.不填；The C.the;The D a;A 3)-Its said John will be in a job paying over 860,00 _ year -Right,he will also get paid by _ week.A.the,the B.a;the C.the;a D.a;a 4).Expert
16、s think that _recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso.A.the.不填 B.a;the C.a;不填 D.the;a（2011 浙江）5）The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_ people from all walks of life are working hard for_ new Jiangsu.（江苏卷）A.不填;a B.不填;the C.the;a D.the;the 6）What I need is _ book that contains _ ABC of oil painting.(全国 II)A.a；不填 B.the;不填 C.the;an D.a;the 参考答案 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.D